PSEB 11th Class Biology Important Questions Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom

Punjab State Board PSEB 11th Class Biology Important Questions Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Important Questions and Answers.

PSEB 11th Class Biology Important Questions Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom

Very short answer type questions

Question 1.
What are coelomates? Give two examples.
Answer:
Animals possessing coelom are called coelomates, e.g., Annelids, molluscs, arthropods, etc.

Question 2.
Body cavity is the cavity present between body wall and gut wall. In some animals the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm. Such animals are called: [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Pseudocoelomates.

Question 3.
In some animal groups, the body is found to be divided into compartments with atleast some organs/organ repeated. Name this characteristic feature. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
The segmentation that simultaneously divides body both externally and internally is called metamerism.

Question 4.
Name the group which lack digestive tract.
Answer:
Porifera.

Question 5.
Name an animal having canal system and spicules. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Scypha (sycon)/Leucosolenia.

Question 6.
Give an example of animal which exhibit alternation of generation. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Obelia, shows alternation of asexual and sexual phases.

Question 7.
Name the animal which exhibits the phenomenon of bioluminescence. Mention the phylum to which it belongs.
[NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Pleurobrachia, phylum – Ctenophora.

Question 8.
How is mesoglea different in ctenophores that in cnidarians?
Answer:
The mesoglea in ctenophores also contains amoebocytes, elastic fibres and muscle cells.

Question 9.
What is the role of radula in Mollusca? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
It is the rasping organ that help in feeding.

Question 10.
Identify the animal in which adults exhibit radial symmetry and larvae exhibit bilateral symmetry. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
In Echinodermata, the adults are radially symmetrical and larvae are bilaterally symmetrical.

Question 11.
Why are urochordates called tunicates?
Answer:
This is because the soft body of urochordates is surrounded by a thick test or tunic, often transparent or translucent.

Question 12.
In which fishes cartilaginous skeleton is present?
Answer:
Chondrichthyes.

Question 13.
Which amphibians show branchial (gills) respiration?
Answer:
Young ones of most of the amphibians which are aquatic show branchial respiration.

Question 14.
What is the importance of pneumatic bones and air sacs in Aves? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:

• Pneumatic bones are light but strong, the feature which helps in flight,
• Air sacs increase the efficiency of respiration and provide buoyancy to the animal.

Short answer type questions

Question 1.
Define tissue level of organization in the Kingdom Animalia. Give some examples of organisms showing tissue level of organization.
Answer:
In tissue level of organization there are specified groups of cells to carry out specific functions. This is a start of division of labour in the Animal Kingdom. Examples: Aurelia and Hydra.

Question 2.
What are diploblastic and triploblastic organisation?
Answer:
Animals in which the cells are arranged in two embryonic layers, an external ectoderm and an internal endoderm, are called diploblastic animals, e.g., coelenterates. An undifferentiated layer, mesoglea, is present in between the ectoderm and the endoderm. Those animals in which the developing embryo has a third germinal layer, mesoderm, in between the ectoderm and endoderm, are called triploblasdc animals (platyhelminthes to chordates).

Question 3.
Write two characters on the basis of which you can say that Coelenterata is more evolved than Porifera.
Answer:
(a) Porifera shows cellular level of organization, while Coelenterata shows tissue level of organisation.
(b) All members of Porifera are sessile, i.e., they are attached to the substratum, while some members of Coelenterata are motile, showing further improvement.

Question 4.
On the basis of which characters you can say that Aschelminthes are more advanced compared to Platyhelminthes?
Answer:
(a) Platyhelminthes are acoelomate,while Aschelminthes are pseudocoelomates. This indicates development of mesoderm.
(b)In Platyhelminthes both sexes are on the same animal, while in Aschelminthes there is segregation of sexes. This shows another point of evolution.

Question 5.
Give a description of the water vascular system in Echinodermata..
Answer:
Water Vascular System in Echinodermata: The water vascular system is a hydraulic system used by echinoderms, such as starfish and sea urchins, for locomotion, food and waste transportation, and respiration. The system is composed of canals connecting numerous tube feet. Echinoderms move by alternately contracting muscles that force water into the tube feet, causing them to extend and push against the ground, then relaxing to allow the feet to retract.

Long answer type questions

Question 1.
Differentiate between polyp and medusa. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Differences between polyp and medusa are as follows :

Polyp	Medusa
1. It is a fixed zooid.	It is free swimming.
2. It is asexual.	It is sexual.
3. It is cylindrical in outline.	Medusa is umbrella-shaped.
4. Tentacles found at upper end of manubrium.	Tentacles occur along the margin of umbrella.
5. Mouth is circular and terminal over upright manubrium.	Mouth is four sided, lies at the lower end of hanging manubrium.
6. Velum and sense organs are absent.	Medusa have a-circular velum and eight sense organs or statocysts.

Question 2.
Differentiate between Chordates and Non-Chordates.
Answer:
Differences between chordates and non-chordates are given below:

Chordates	Non-Chordates
•» Notocord is present at stages in some stages of development.	Notochord is absent.
•» Central nervous system is dorsal, hollow, single and non-ganglionated.	Central nervous system is ventral, solid, double and ganglionated.
•» Gill slits present on lateral side of pharynx in sum stages of throughout life.	Gill slits are absent.
•» Tail is present in some stages and throughout life.	Tail generally absent.
•» Heart is ventral.	Heart is dorsal.
•» Haemoglobin is present in RBCs.	It is present in plasma.

Question 3.
Which features make mammals as most successful and dominant animals?
Answer:
Features which make mammals as dominant and successful animals are as follows:

• The presence of an insulating and protective hairy exoskeleton
• They are warm blooded so have high rate of metabolism.
• They are viviparous animals and show placentation and intrauterine development which increases the chances for survival of young ones.
• They show high degree of parental care.
• They have more developed hearing efficiency due to the presence of pinna, three ear-ossicles and coiled cochlea in the ear.
• They are able to speak through language.
• They have good power of learning due to the presence of more developed brain.