PSEB 8th Class Agriculture Solutions Chapter 3 Land Measurement and Documentation of Land Records

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class Agriculture Book Solutions Chapter 3 Land Measurement and Documentation of Land Records Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 8 Agriculture Chapter 3 Land Measurement and Documentation of Land Records

Agriculture Guide for Class 8 PSEB Land Measurement and Documentation of Land Records Textbook Questions and Answers

(A) Answer in one or two words:

Question 1.
How the land was measured in ancient time?
Answer:
Using a rope.

Question 2.
Which Emperor is called die founder of land reforms?
Answer:
Mughal Emperor Akbar.

Question 3.
How many acres are there in one hectare?
Answer:
2.5 acre.

Question 4.
How may marlas make one kanal?
Answer:
20 marlas.

Question 5.
In which states of India, Murababandi has been done in a systematic way?
Answer:
Punjab and Haryana.

Question 6.
In which decade, Murababandi was started?
Answer:
In the decade of 1950.

Question 7.
Which site is to be seen for Jammabandi?
Answer:
www.plrs.org.in

Question 8.
How many acres are there in a Muraba according to Murababandi Act?
Answer:
25-25 acre pieces of land.

Question 9.
At what time, Girdawary of Rabi crops is prepared?
Answer:
1 March to 31 March.

Question 10.
After how many years, new Jammabandi is carried out?
Answer:
Earlier it was after every four years and now after every five years.

(B) Answer in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
Who corrects the Girdawary of a disputed land?
Answer:
Girdawary of a disputed land can be got corrected in the court of Tehsildar.

Question 2.
What is Jammabandi?
Answer:
Jammabandi is an important document of Punjab land revenue act regarding the ownership of a land. Particulars which are mentioned in this are khepet number, khatauni, name of village pati, name of person according to his share in ownership, name of person who is existing cultivator and source of irrigation.

Question 3.
What is Intkaal?
Answer:
Transfer of ownership right from one owner of land to another owner is calld intkaal.

Question 4.
What instruments are required for measurement of land?
Answer:
Demarcation of the land on all four sides is called measurement. Patwari or Kanungo use shijra and zareeb to mark the length and breadth of the land according to the Khasra number.

Question 5.
What is Goshwara?
Answer:
Total of all cultivated crops in the form of a table is called goshwara.

Question 6.
What is Rehan or Mortgage?
Answer:
When owner of a land gives all or part of his land temporarily to another person for cultivation for mutually agreed amount and for fixed time, it is called mortgage.

Question 7.
What is Khraba/loss of crops, how it is assessed?
Answer:
When crop destroyed on large scale due to natural calamities like heavy rians, floods, attack of insects/pests, drought etc. is called Khraba. Loss or Khraba is assessed by assuming that production of crop in the area is 100%.

Question 8.
What is Shijra and what are its other names?
Answer:
Shijra is a piece (of cloth on which map of village is carved, Khasra numbers of all the land of village land are printed on it. It is also known as Kishatvar, Paarcha or Latha.

Question 9.
What is Murababandi and what are its benefits?
Answer:
Scattered pieces of land in the name of an owner are consolidated as one unit at one place, this is called Murababandi or chakbandi. Its
benefit is that every work related to land becomes easier.

Question 10.
What is Zareeb?
Answer:
Zareeb is a chain made up of iron rings and is used to measure land. It is 10 Karams long i.e. 55 feet long.

(C) Answer in five to six sentences:

Question 1.
What is Girdawary and at what time it is done?
Answer:
It is a survey of the crops. It is called Girdawary or Gardaury. It is done twice in a year. For Rabi crops it is done in the month of March and for Kharif crops it is done in October. Additional Girdawari in also done for Jayad crops in the months of May and December for crops falling between Rabi and Kharif and between Kharif and Rabi season.

Question 2.
Why division of land is essential and how it is done?
Answer:
When there are two or more shareholders of a particular piece of land, then land is divided as per the consent of the shareholders, this is called division of land. After division of land each shareholder is the independent owner of his share of land. Now he can sell the land or mortgage his land. He can take loan against his land.

Question 3.
What is computerization of land record?
Answer:
All the land records have been computerized. The certified copies of Jammabandi and Intkaal can be obtained by paying requisite fee personally from nearby office of Sub-Tehsildar or Tehsildar. The land records can be seen at the site www.plrs.org.in.

Question 4.
What is Theka or Chakota or renting in or renting out of land?
Answer:
The owner of a land gives his land on rent to some other person for cultivation for fixed time period and fixed amount agreed on by both sides. The time period can be one year or two years or five years etc. This is called Theka Or Chakota.

Question 5.
Write a brief note on land registry.
Answer:
When a person who is owner of a piece of land, house, shop etc. mortgaged or sold the same to some other person, then an agreement is entered with photos with mutual consent of both parties in the register maintained in the office of Tehsildar. This is called registry. Registry Bai, Rehan share, transfer of ownership etc. are various types of registries.

PSEB 8th Class Agriculture Guide Land Measurement and Documentation of Land Records Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Who played important role in the work of measurement of land in the regime of Mughal emperor Akbar?
Answer:
Todar Mai.

Question 2.
Before the year 1580, how did people pay tax to the government?
Answer:
In the form of crop.

Question 3.
After the year 1580, in which form tax was paid to the government?
Answer:
In the form of cash.

Question 4.
What is the length of Zareeb?
Answer:
10 karam or 55 feet.

Question 5.
What is Musteel?
Answer:
A piece of 25 acre land is called Musteel.

Question 6.
How many columns are there in intkaal?
Answer:
It has 12 columns.

Question 7.
How many columns are there in Jammabandi form?
Answer:
1-12 Columns.

Question 8.
When is Girdawary of Kharif crop done?
Answer:
1 October to 31 October.

Question 9.
When is the Girdawary of Jmd crop done?
Answer:
May and December.

Question 10.
How is the loss of crop assessed?
Answer:
By assuming 100% production of crop.

Question 11.
1 foot a = …………..
Answer:
12 inches.

Question 12.
1 yard = ……………..
Answer:
3 feet.

Question 13.
1 furlong =…………….
Answer:
220 yards.

Question 14.
1 mile =……….. yard = ………… furlong
Answer:
1760 yard=8 furlong.

Question 15.
1 Karm =……….. inch =…………. foot
Answer:
66 inches=5.5 feet.

Question 16.
1 sq karm=…………. sarsahi
Answer:
1 sarsahi.

Question 17.
1 maria=…………… sarsahian
Answer:
9 sarsahian.

Question 18.
1 maria = ………… sq feet
Answer:
272.

Question 19.
1 maria = ………… sq yard
Answer:
30.

Question 20.
1 Kanal = ………. maria
Answer:
20.

Question 21.
1 Kanal =……… biswa
Answer:
12.

Question 22.
1 acre = …………. kanal
Answer:
8.

Question 23.
1 acre = ……….
Answer:
4000.

Question 24.
1 acre = ……. maria =……. sq foot
Answer:
160 maria=220 x 198 sq foot.

Question 25.
1 acre=………. sq metre
Answer:
4000.

Question 26.
1 biswa = ………. sq foot
Answer:
50.

Question 27.
1 Muraba/1 Musteel =………. acre
Answer:
25.

Question 28.
1 hectare =………….. acre
Answer:
2.5.

Question 29.
1 hectare =………… sq metre
Answer:
10000.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
At the time of Akbar, how was land tax paid?
Answer:
Earlier land tax was paid in the form of crops and since 1580 the tax was paid in the form of cash.

Question 2.
What are different types of intkaal?
Answer:
Types of intkaal are – Bai, Rehan, exchange, division etc.

Question 3.
Who enters the details in intkaal?
Answer:
Patwari makes enteries in the intkaal, kanungo checks the enteries as per the record. Tehsildar summons both the parties at a specified place and time, Numbardar verifies and Tehsildar approves it.

Question 4.
What type of ownership changes are entered in the Jammabandi?
Answer:
Rehan, Bai, unirrigated to irrigated, rental to crop sharing etc.

Question 5.
What is the reason for loss of crop?
Answer:
There are many reasons of loss or Kaharaba e.g. heavy rains, floods, attack of insects, pests etc.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write a note on Girdawary, land registry.
Answer:
Do yourself.

Question 2.
Write note on theka, division.
Answer:
Do yourself.