This PSEB 11th Class Sociology Notes Chapter 3 Society, Community and Association will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 11th Class Sociology Notes Chapter 3 Society, Community and Association
→ According to Aristotle, man is a social animal. He cannot live alone.
→ An individual can neither live out of society nor can he think about it. He needs to depend upon 6thers to fulfill his needs.
→ To fulfill his needs, an individual needs to make relations with others, and the web of social relations is known as society.
→ When relations are formed among two or more individuals, we can say that society is in the process of making.
→ We can find a number of societies in the whole of the world such as tribal society, rural society, industrial society, post-industrial society.
→ Different sociologists have divided societies on different bases such as Comte (intellectual development), Morgan (social development), Spencer (the degree of structural complexity), Tonnies (types of social ties), Durkheim (types of solidarity), etc.
→ Society has many features such as it is abstract, it is based on similarities and differences, co-operation and conflict both exist in it and a system of stratification is always there in it.
→ Man has a very close relation with society because he cannot live alone. To live, he needs the help of others.
→ Durkheim was of the view that society is associated with every aspect of our life.
→ Humans are also important for society because, in their absence, there can be no existence of society.
→ When a few individuals live in a group, in a particular geographical area, in an organised manner and spend the whole of their life without any particular motive, it is known as community. We-feeling always exists in the community.
→ There are certain elements of the community such as a group of people, definite geographical area, community feeling, common culture, etc.
→ Association is based on co-operation. When a few people come together, co-operate with each other to attain certain objectives and form an organisation, it is called association.
→ Aggregate: Aggregate is a collection of people in one place but has no relation with each other.
→ Co-operation: When a few people help each other to achieve a particular objective, it is called co-operation.
→ Institution: A structure or mechanism to regulate the individual behaviour in a community.
→ Law: Written rules implemented or enforced by any official agency.
→ Identity: Features of an individual or a group which tell about who are we and are meant for others.
→ We-feeling: A strong feeling with which members of a group identify and distinguish themselves from others. It shows a strong sense of unity among them.