This PSEB 10th Class Social Science Notes Civics Chapter 1 Features of the Indian Constitution will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 10th Class Social Science Notes Civics Chapter 1 Features of the Indian Constitution
→ Constitution (Meaning): A Constitution is a document of basic laws according to which the government of a country functions. The new Constitution of India came into force on 26th January 1950.
→ The preamble of the Indian Constitution. India is a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, and Democratic Republic.
→ Features of the Constitution:
- Written
- Long and detailed
- Fundamental Rights
- Fundamental Duties
- Distribution of powers between the centre and states
- Directive Principles
- Parliamentary form of government.
→ Federal Features: According to it, powers’ are divided between Union and the States.
→ Important Fundamental Rights:
- Right to Equality
- Right to Freedom
- Right against Exploitation
- Right to Constitutional Remedies.
→ Federal in form hut unitary in spirit: Federal having two sets of government
- Central and states governments.
- Written Constitution
- Unitary India is the Union of States
- Single citizenship
- Centre can proclaim an emergency and can assume all powers of states.
→ National Unity and Integrity: It means feelings of oneness in all the people of the country. Integrity means one nation and all states are its integral parts.
→ Parliamentary form of government: The Prime Minister is the real head of the country. The President is the nominal head.
→ A Welfare State: It takes measures to improve the standard of living of the people. The directive principles aim to achieve this object.