PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 3 Political, Social and Economic Conditions of the Punjab in the beginning of the 16th Century

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This PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 3 Political, Social and Economic Conditions of the Punjab in the beginning of the 16th Century will help you in revision during exams.

PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 3 Political, Social and Economic Conditions of the Punjab in the beginning of the 16th Century

Political Condition:

  • The political condition of Punjab was quite deplorable.
  • Punjab was under the Sultanate of Delhi which was under the Lodhi Sultans at that time.
  • In 1469 A.D. the Sultan of Delhi, Bahlol Lodhi appointed Tatar Khan Lodhi as the Governor of Punjab.
  • Tatar Khan Lodhi was killed during an unsuccessful revolt against the Lodhi Sultan.
  • In 1500 A.D. the new Lodhi Sultan, Sikandar Lodhi appointed Daulat Khan Lodhi as the Governor of Punjab.
  • As soon as Ibrahim Lodhi became the new Sultan, Daulat Khan Lodhi started hatching conspiracies against him.
  • Daulat Khan Lodhi invited Babar to invade India.
  • Babar invaded Punjab five times between 1519 and 1526 A.D.
  • During his fifth invasion, Babar defeated Daulat Khan Lodhi to establish control over Punjab.
  • On 21st April 1526 A.D., Babar defeated Ibrahim Lodhi in the First Battle of Panipat.
  • Consequently, Punjab slipped from the hands of the Lodhi dynasty into the hands of the Mughals.

Chapter 3 Political, Social and Economic Conditions of the Punjab in the beginning of the 16th Century

Social Condition:

  • At the beginning of the 16th century, the social condition of Punjab was deplorable.
  • Society was divided into two major sects the Hindus and the Muslims Related to the ruling elite class, the Muslims had several special privileges.
  • The Muslim society was divided into upper, middle, and lower classes.
  • The condition of Muslim women was pitiable.
  • The Hindus were in majority but they were deprived of their rights.
  • Hindu society was divided into several castes and sub-castes.
  • The elite class of society ate delicious foods and wore expensive clothes.
  • The lower classes wore ordinary clothes and ate frugal meals.
  • At that time hunting, polo, animal fights, chess, dance, music, and cards, etc. were sources of entertainment.
  • Education was imparted in mosques, madrasas, and temples.

Chapter 3 Political, Social and Economic Conditions of the Punjab in the beginning of the 16th Century

Economic Condition:

  • The economic condition of Punjab was very good.
  • The main occupation of the people of Punjab was agriculture.
  • The main crops grown here were wheat, barley, maize, rice, and sugarcane.
  • It had rich harvests Industry was the other main occupation of the people.
  • The most important industry was the textile industry.
  • Besides this, there were other industries that manufactured leather goods, arms, utensils, toys, and articles of ivory.
  • The occupation of cattle rearing was also prevalent.
  • The domestic and foreign trade of Punjab was also quite prosperous.
  • The foreign trade of Punjab was carried on with countries like Afghanistan, Iran, Arabia, Syria, Tibet, and China, etc.
  • Lahore and Multan were the two most popular towns in Punjab.
  • Due to low prices, ordinary people also enjoyed a good standard of living.

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