This PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 5 Development of Sikhism Under Guru Angad DevJi, Guru Amar Das Ji and Guru Ram Das Ji will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 5 Development of Sikhism Under Guru Angad DevJi, Guru Amar Das Ji and Guru Ram Das Ji
Early Career of Guru Angad Dev Ji:
- Guru Angad Dev Ji was born in a village named Matte Di Sarai on 31st March 1504 A.D.
- The original name of Guru Angad Dev Ji was Bhai Lehna Ji.
- The name of his father was Pheru Mai and the name of his mother was Sabhrai Devi.
- At the age of 15 years, he was married to Bibi Khivi Ji, the daughter of Devi Chand of the same village.
- In due course of time, he was blessed with two daughters Bibi Amro and Bibi Anokhi, and two sons Datu and Dasu.
- Once when he set out for a pilgrimage of Jwalamukhi, he met Guru Nanak Dev Ji at Kartarpur.
- So overwhelmed was he by his personality and teachings, that he decided to become Guru Nanak Dev Ji’s disciple.
- Guru Nanak Dev Ji was greatly impressed by his true devotion and tireless service and appointed him as his successor on 7th September 1539 A.D.
Development of Sikhism under Guru Angad Dev Ji:
- Guru Angad Dev Ji popularised the Gurmukhi script.
- He also collected the hymns of Guru Nanak Dev Ji.
- Guru Angad Dev Ji summoned Bhai Bala, a devotee of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, and got a Janam Sakhi written on Guru Nanak Dev Ji’s life.
- Many historians did not agree with this view.
- Guru Angad Dav Ji expanded the Langar system.
- Guru Angad Dev Ji more effectively organised the institution of Sangat.
- He denounced the Udasi sect thereby leading to the preservation of the purity and originality of the Sikh religion.
- He founded new towns named Goindwal Sahib near Khadur Sahib.
- He gave his blessings to Humayun thereby restoring the cordial relations between the Mughals and the Sikhs.
Immersed in Eternal Light:
- Foreseeing his end, Guru Angad Dev Ji appointed Guru Amar Das Ji as his successor.
- He immersed, in Eternal Light on 29th March 1552 A.D.
Early career and Difficulties of Guru Amar Das Ji:
- Guru Amar Das Ji was born in Basarke village of Amritsar on 5th May 1479 A.D.
- The name of his father was Tej Bhan Bhalla.
- At the age of 24 years, he was married to Mansa Devi, the daughter of Devi Chand.
- He was blessed with two sons Baba Mohan and Baba Mohri and two daughters Bibi Dani and Bibi Bhani.
- At the age of 62, he became the disciple of Guru Angad Dev Ji.
- He assumed Guruship in March 1552 A.D.
- He was 73 years old at that time.
- When Guru Amar Das Ji succeeded to the Guruship, he had to face opposition from both the sons of Guru Angad Dev Ji, Dasu, and Datu.
- Baba Sri Chand who was the elder son of Guru Nanak Dev Ji had founded the Udasi sect also opposed him.
- He also faced stiff opposition from the Muslims of Goindwal Sahib.
Development of Sikhism under Guru Amar Das Ji:
- Guru Amar Das Ji retained Guruship from 1552 to 1574 A.D. Goindwal Sahib was the centre of activities of Guru Amar Das Ji.
- The first significant step undertaken by Guru Amar Das Ji for the development of Sikhism was the construction of a Baoli with 84 steps at Goindwal Sahib.
- He developed the langar institution.
- He established the Manji system (22 Manjis) to convey the message of Sikhism in far-off areas.
- Guru Amar Das Ji denunciated the Udasi sect.
- Guru Amar Das Ji vehemently opposed the prevalent’social malpractices.
- Guru Amar Das Ji introduced new (special) rituals for the Sikhs to be observed on the occasions of birth, marriage, and death.
- Akbar’s visit to Goindwal Sahib in 1568 A.D. helped to establish friendly relations between the Sikhs and the Mughals.
Immersed in Eternal Light:
- Guru Amar Das Ji appointed Bhai Jetha Ji, his son-in-law as his successor in 1574 A.D.
- Guru Amar Das Ji was immersed in Eternal Light on September 1, 1574 A.D.
The early career of Guru Ram Das Ji:
- Guru Ram Das Ji was born at Chuna Mandi in Lahore on 24th September 1534 A.D.
- His childhood name was Bhai Jetha Ji.
- His father’s name was Hari Das and his mother’s name was Daya Kaur.
- Impressed by the personality of Guru Amar Das Ji, he became Guru Amar Das Ji’s disciple.
- In 1553 A.D. he was married to Bibi Bhani, the youngest daughter of Guru Amar Das Ji.
- He assumed Guruship in 1574 A.D. He was the 4th Guru of the Sikhs.
Development of Sikhism under Guru Ram Das Ji:
- Guru Ram Das Ji established Ramdaspura or Amritsar in 1577 A.D.
- He initiated the digging work of two serovars (tanks) Amritsar and Santokhsar.
- The Masand system was introduced by him for the propagation of Sikhism and to collect money from the Sikhs.
- The reconciliation between the Sikhs and the Udasis proved to be a milestone in Sikh history during the pontificate of Guru Ram Das Ji.
- He continued the Sangat, Pangat, and Manji systems.
- He further consolidated the friendly relations with the Mughal emperor Akbar.
Immersed in Eternal Light:
- Before Guru Ram Das Ji was immersed in Eternal Light, he nominated his youngest son Arjan Dev as his successor.
- He immersed in Eternal Light on 1st September 1581 A.D.