This PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 9 Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji and His Martyrdom will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 9 Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji and His Martyrdom
Early Career:
- Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was born on April 1, 1621 A.D. at Amritsar.
- The name of his father was Guru Hargobind Ji and the name of his mother was Nanaki.
- Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was imparted education by Baba Buddha Ji and Bhai Gurdas Ji.
- Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was married to Gujari, the daughter of Lai Chand, a resident of Kartarpur.
- On the instructions of his father, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji lived at Bakala for 20 years.
- It was Makhan Shah Lubana who found him out and the Sikhs accepted him as their Guru.
- He assumed Guruship in 1664 A.D.
Travels of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji:
- After assuming Guruship, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji undertook the travels of several areas within and outside Punjab.
- The main objective of these travels was to propagate Sikhism and spread the message of truth and love.
- First, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji travelled to Aipritsar, Walla, Ghukewali, Khadur Sahib, Goindwal Sahib, Tarn Taran, Khemkaran, Kiratpur Sahib, Bilaspur, etc. in 1664 A.D.
- After this, he travelled to Eastern India i.e. Saifabad, Dhamdhan, Delhi, Mathura, Brindaban, Agra, Kanpur, Banaras, Gaya, Patna, Dhaka, and Assam.
- In 1673 A.D. Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji travelled to the Malwa and Bangar regions of Punjab for the second time.
- These travels led to the glory of Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib and Sikhism.
Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji:
The main facts associated with the martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji are as follows:
Causes:
- The enmity between the Sikhs and Mughals was increasing.
- Aurangzeb was an orthodox Sunni Muslim.
- Naqshbandis tried to instigate Aurangzeb against the Sikhs.
- Ram Rai was using all measures to get hold of Guruship.
- Kashmiri Pandits pleaded help from Guru Sahib for their defence.
Martyrdom:
- Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji along with his three companions.
- Bhai Mati Das Ji, Bhai Sati Das Ji, and Bhai Dayala Ji were brought before the court of Delhi on November 6, 1675 A.D.
- They were asked to embrace Islam which they outrightly refused.
- After his three companions were martyred, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was also martyred on November 11, 1675 A.D. at Chandni Chowk in Delhi.
Importance:
- The martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji sent a wave of hatred and revenge in the whole of Punjab against the Mughal empire.
- Hinduism was protected against extinction.
- Guru Gobind Singh Ji was inspired to establish the Khalsa Panth.
- It marked the beginning of the tradition of sacrifice among the Sikhs for the protection of Sikhism.
- It sounded the death knell of the Mughal Empire.