This PSEB 9th Class Agriculture Notes Chapter 6 Dairy Farming will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 9th Class Agriculture Notes Chapter 6 Dairy Farming
→ Nearly 70% population in Punjab lives in villages.
→ There are 17 lakh cows and 50 lakh buffaloes in Punjab.
→ In Punjab, 937 grams per day per capita milk is produced whereas at the national level it is 291 grams.
→ Holstein-Friesian is the highest milk-giving exotic breed of cow.
→ Indigenous breeds of cows have average lactation milk yield varying from 1000 kg to 1800 kg.
→ Indigenous breeds of cows are Hariana, Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Tharparkar.
→ Dual-purpose breeds are Tharparkar and Hariana.
→ Exotic breeds of cows are Holstein-Friesian, Jersey. Average lactation milk yield is 5500-6500 kg and 3000, 5000 kg respectively.
→ An average cow or buffalo with a bodyweight of 400 kg needs approximately 35 kg green fodder.
→ Feed nutrients for animals can be classified into four categories i.e. energy, protein, minerals, and vitamins.
→ Animals are given concentrate which is prepared by mixing cereals, oilseed cakes, etc.
→ If a milking machine is used*, clean teats by dipping in 50% betadine and 50% glycerin solution.
→ Do not transport the pregnant animal to avoid slipping of animals.
→ The animal should be milked within 2 hours of calving.
→ Dress the navel cord of the newly born calf 2-3 times daily with a tincture of Iodine or Dettol.
→ Feed milk to the calf and avoid sucking.
→ Disbud the buffalo calves at the age of 7-10 days and cow calves at the age of 15-20 days.
→ Heifer, if given proper feed it will become 300 kg in 18months.
→ Milking should be complete in 6-8 minutes with the full hand method.
→ Adult animals need 120-140 square feet of space.
→ Surplus green fodder is dried to get Hay and non-legume fodder is conserved as silage.
→ The average lactation milk yield of Indian breeds of buffalo is 500 kg at the National level and in Punjab, it is 1500 kg.
→ In India, there are 15 breeds of buffaloes. In Punjab, there are two breeds-Murrah and Nili Ravi.
→ The best breed of buffalo should have an average lactation milk yield of 2000 kg in the first lactation and in successive lactation. it should be 2500 kg.
→ Preserve the milk at 5°C. It prevents the growth of bacteria.
→ Clean the milk containers properly.