Punjab State Board PSEB 7th Class Social Science Book Solutions History Chapter 16 The Development of Regional Cultures Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 16 The Development of Regional Cultures
SST Guide for Class 7 PSEB The Development of Regional Cultures Textbook Questions and Answers
I. Answer the following questions :
Question 1.
Write the names of regional languages of North India during the medieval period (800-1200 A.D.).
Answer:
- Regional languages developed more in the Sultanate period. All the Bhakti saints throughout India preached in local languages. These languages further took the form of our present languages.
- Braj, Avadhi, Punjabi, Gujarati, Bengali, Kannada, Telugu and Tamil developed in this period.
- Persian was the national language of this period. Therefore Indian languages were highly influenced by the Persian language. Many Persian words became a part of Indian languages.
- During this period, the mixture of the Persian and the Hindi language gave birth to Urdu language.
- During the Sultanate period, many Sanskrit scriptures were translated into regional languages.
Question 2.
Write the names of regional languages during the Delhi Sultanate period.
Answer:
These were Braj, Avadhi, Punjabi, Gujarati, Bengali, Kannada, Telugu and Tamil.
Question 3.
Who was considered the founder of Punjabi literature?
Answer:
The famous Punjabi Sufi Saint Baba Farid Shakkarganj was the founder of Punjabi literature.
Question 4.
How many Vars did Bhai Gurdas compose?
Answer:
He wrote 39 Vars in Punjabi language. He was a great poet. Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji honoured him by saying that these “Vars” are the key to Sri Guru Granth Sahibji.
Question 5.
Name four famous poets who gave an important contribution to Punjabi literature.
Answer:
Shah Hussain, Bulle Shah, Damodar and Waris Shah.
Question 6.
Give a brief account of Adi Granth Sahib.
Answer:
Sri Adi Granth Sahib Ji was compiled by Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji in 1604 A.D. The hymns that were included of Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji , Guru Angad Dev Ji, Guru Amar Das Ji, Guru Ram Das Ji and Guru Arjan Dev Ji. Later on the hymns of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Ji were also added in Sri Guru Granth Sahibji. Besides, some Hindu saints and Muslim saints have also contributed to Sri Guru Granth Sahibji. In all these holy hymns, praise and respect have been shown towards God. Sri Guru Granth Sahibji has the highest place in the Punjabi literature.
II. Fill in the blanks :
Question 1.
_________ was the writer of Geet Govinda.
Answer:
Jaidev
Question 2.
Prithviraj Rabo was written by _________
Answer:
Chand Bardai
Question 3.
Adi Granth Sahib was composed by _________ in 1604 A.D
Answer:
Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji
Question 4.
Krishan Ray was a famous of Sanskrit and Telugu languages.
Answer:
poet
Question 5.
Amir Khusro was a _________ musician and poet.
Answer:
famous.
III. Write True or False for each statement:
Question 1.
Ramanuja, Jaideva were the famous Sanskrit writers of Delhi Sultanate.
Answer:
False
Question 2.
Abul Fazle did not write Ain-i-Akbari.
Answer:
False
Question 3.
Tansen was the most famous singer of Akbar’s court
Answer:
True
Question 4.
Muhammad Tughluq’s portrait is a fine example of painting during the medieval period.
Answer:
True
Question 5.
The art of music did not flourish under the Rajput rulers.
Answer:
False
IV. Match the following :
Question 1.
table-1
Answer:
table-2
V. Activity:
Question 1.
Write a brief essay on the development of Punjabi literature during the medieval period.
Answer:
1. Baba Farid Shakkarganj (1173-1265): He was a famous Sufi saint of Puryab. He is called the founder of Punjabi literature. He wrote his literature in Lehandi or Multani language. His 112 Salokas and 4 Shabads were given a place in Adi Granth Sahib Ji by Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji.
2. Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji (1469-1539): He started a new age in Punjabi literature. His literature is great from every angle. He wrote Japuji Sahib, Asa-Di-War, Babarvani. Infact Guruji’s contribution is invaluable.
3. Damodar: Damodar was a contemporary of Akbar. He wrote the story of Heer Ranjha in Lehandi or Multani language. It shows the village culture of his times.
4. Waris Shah (1707-1798): Waris Shah has a pride of place in Punjabi literature. He wrote Heer, which is a great contribution to Punjabi literature.
5. Shah Muhammad (1782-1863): He wrote Jang Nama. He has praised the period of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. This creation is an invaluable treasure of Punjabi literature.
PSEB 7th Class Social Science Guide The Development of Regional Cultures Important Questions and Answers
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
_________ was a Rajput Ruler.
(a) Akbar
(b) Birbal
(c) Prithviraj Chauhan
(d) Shahjahan.
Answer:
(c) Prithviraj Chauhan.
Question 2.
Which of these was a strong emotion of Rajputs?
(a) Loyalty
(b) Valour
(c) Friendship
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these.
Question 3.
_________ females used to sit alive on the funeral pyre of their husbands.
(a) Brahmin
(b) Vaishya
(c) Shudra
(d) Rajput.
Answer:
(d) Rajput.
Question 4.
_________ were a caste of storytellers in temples of North India.
(a) Kathak
(b) Brahmins
(c) Vermans
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Kathak.
Question 5.
Legends of Radha Krishna enacted in folk plays called
(a) Ram Lila
(b) Rasa Lila
(c) Jatak Tales
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(6) Rasa Lila.
Question 6.
Which of these is the patronage of Kathak dance?
(a) Wajid Ali Shah
(b) Prithvi Raj
(c) Alauddin Khalji
(d) Iltutmish.
Answer:
(a) Wajid Ali Shah.
Question 7.
_________ is recognised as one of six classical forms of dance in country after independence.
(a) Bharatnatyam
(b) Kuchipudi
(c) Manipuri
(d) Kathak.
Answer:
(d) Kathak.
Question 8.
Which of these Mughal emperors was patron of highly skilled painters?
(a) Akbar
(b) Jahangir
(c) Shahjahan
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these.
Question 9.
Which of these is included in the term Pir?
(a) Animistic spirits
(b) Sufis
(c) Religious personalities
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
How did Urdu language come into being?
Answer:
The Turks started Persian language in India but with the passage of time, the Hindi and Persian languages got mixed up and a new language Urdu came into being.
Question 2.
Describe the development of languages during the Mughal period.
Answer:
During the Mughal period, Persian language was the most developed language. So, the Mughal period is known as the Golden age of Persian language. Persian was the official language of the Mughal empire. As a result in Punjab, the Persian language developed very fast. Akbar got the translation done of the Ramayana, Mahabharata from Sanskrit to Persian language, Punjabi and Hindi languages also developed greatly. The Urdu language was also being used.
Question 3.
Throw light on the development of literature during Rajput period.
Answer:
Chand Bardai wrote ‘Prithvi Raj Raso\ The state poet of Bengal, Jaidev wrote the epic ‘Geet Govind’ where there is a description of the love of Radha and Krishna. Kalhan wrote a historical scripture ‘Raj Tarangini’. This scripture gives us the knowledge about Kashmir history. ‘Bilhan wrote ‘Vikramank Dev Charit’. It contains the life history of Chalukya king Vikramaditya VI. Another magnificent creation in Sanskrit language is called Katha Sarit Sagar. It is a compilation of stories.
Question 4.
Describe the contribution of the following in the Punjabi language and literature.
Answer:
1. Baba Farid Shakkarganj (1173-1265): He was a famous Sufi saint of Puryab. He is called the founder of Punjabi literature. He wrote his literature in Lehandi or Multani language. His 112 Salokas and 4 Shabads were given a place in Adi Granth Sahib Ji by Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji.
2. Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji (1469-1539): He started a new age in Punjabi literature. His literature is great from every angle. He wrote Japuji Sahib, Asa-Di-War, Babarvani. Infact Guruji’s contribution is invaluable.
3. Damodar: Damodar was a contemporary of Akbar. He wrote the story of Heer Ranjha in Lehandi or Multani language. It shows the village culture of his times.
4. Waris Shah (1707-1798): Waris Shah has a pride of place in Punjabi literature. He wrote Heer, which is a great contribution to Punjabi literature.
5. Shah Muhammad (1782-1863): He wrote Jang Nama. He has praised the period of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. This creation is an invaluable treasure of Punjabi literature.
Question 5.
Describe the development in the field of painting in Punjab during Medieval period.
Answer:
Many pictures related to Guru Sahiban have been found to be painted in old scriptures, the walls of Gurdwaras and palaces. For e.g.-In Goindwal, we find the pictures of those 22 persons of Sri Guru Amar Das Ji who were appointed by him under “Manji pratha” to propagate the religion. These pictures throw light on the development of paintings of that time.
Question 6.
Throw light on the contribution of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji in the development of Punjabi language and literature.
Answer:
Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji was a great poet of Punjabi language. His creations like “Jap Sahib”, “Bachitar Natak”, “Zafar Nama”, “Chandi-Di-Var” and “Akal-ustat” are very important. All these creations are compiled in Dasham Granth. Chandi-Di-Var is considered an invaluable creation of Punjabi literature.
Question 7.
Describe the development in the field of painting during Mughal period.
Answer:
The Mughals were great patrons of the art of painting.
1. Babar and Humayun had this hobby. Babar got his autobiography illustrated with pictures. Humayun brought two famous painters Abdul Sayyed and Sayyed Ali from Iran to Delhi.
2. Akbar established a different department to develop the art of painting. This department illustrated books with pictures of Mughal rulers. Daswant and Basawan were two famous painters of Akbar’s court.
3. Jahangir was also a great painter. During his period, the art of miniature paintings developed. Ustad Mansur, Abdul Hassan, Faruqh Beg, Madav, etc. were famous painters of Jahangir’s court.
Question 8.
Describe the development in the field of music during Mughal period.
Answer:
Except Aurangzeb all Mughal rulers were music lovers. So, this art developed during their administration period.
- Babar and Humayun were great lovers of music. Humayun would listen to music for two days in a week.
- Akbar had hobby in music. He himself was a singer. He had complete knowledge of “sur” and “taal” of music. In his court, there were high standard musicians like ‘Tansen”. Tansen created many ragas. Besides him, there were Ramdas and Baiju Bawra who were also high-standard singers.
- Jahangir and Shah Jahan were also music lovers. Jahangir himself was a great singer. He wrote many Hindi songs. Shah Jahan was fond of Dhrupad songs.
- During Mughal’period Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji compiled Sri Guru Granth Sahibji on the basis of classic ragas.
Question 9.
What were the achievements of Rajputs in the field of paintings?
Answer:
The painting was done on papers during Rajput period. The “Pal style” and “Apbrash style” were being used during this period. The pictures in Pal style are found in Buddhist scriptures. The colours used are white, black, red and blue. In Apbrash style the red and yellow colours are used more. Such pictures are found in Jain scriptures and mythological scriptures.
Question 10.
Throw some light on the literary achievements during the Mughals in India.
Answer:
1. The Mughal rulers were themselves great scholars, so; there was development of literature during this period. Babar wrote his autobiography “Babarnama” or “Tuzuk-i-Babari”. This book was written in Turkish language.
2. In the court of Akbar, there were great scholars like Sheikh Mubarak, Abul Fazl and Faizi. Abul Fazl wrote “Ain-i-Akbari” and “Akbarnama” Akbar got the translation done of Sanskrit scriptures like “Ramayana”, “Mahabharata”, “Raj Tarangini”, “Panchtantra”, etc. in the Persian language.
3. Jahangir also was a scholar of Turkish, Hindi, and Persian languages. He also gave patronage to scholars. Famous Hindi writers in his court were Rai Manohar Das, Bhisham Das, and Keshav Das.
4. Shah Jahan was also a literature lover emperor. In his period Abdul Hamid Lahori wrote “Badshahnama” and Muhammad Sadiq wrote “Shahjahanama”.
5. Aurangzeb got a book written named Fatwa-i-Alamgiri which was based on Islamic laws. Besides, during his period Khalif Khan wrote a famous book named “Muntkahab-ul-Lubab”.