Punjab State Board PSEB 11th Class English Book Solutions English Grammar Transformation of Sentences & Removal and Use of ‘Too’ Exercise Questions and Answers, Notes.
PSEB 11th Class English Grammar Transformation of Sentences & Removal and Use of ‘Too’
A. Transformation of Sentences
1. Assertive sentences : ये वाक्य किसी बात, तथ्य अथवा घटना का वर्णन करते हैं। ये वाक्य तीन प्रकार के हो सकते हैं-
(i) Affirmative
- Mohan wrote a letter.
- I helped my friends.
- She hopes to pass this year.
- Mohan has two pens.
(ii) Negative
- Mohan did not write a letter.
- I did not help my friends.
- She does not hope to pass this year.
- Mohan has no pen.
(iii) Emphatic
- Mohan did write a letter.
- I did help my friends.
- She does hope to pass this year.
- You do tell lies.
2. Interrogative sentences : इस प्रकार के वाक्यों में कोई प्रश्न पूछा जाता है। इन के अन्त में प्रश्न-वाचक चिन्ह (?) – Question Mark – लगाया जाता है।
- What is your father ?
- Why are the boys making a noise ?
- Are you not happy here?
- Did the teacher punish him ?
3. Imperative sentences : इस प्रकार के वाक्यों में किसी आदेश, आज्ञा, उपदेश, प्रार्थना, आदि को व्यक्त किया जाता है। इन वाक्यों में कर्ता शब्द (You) का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता है।
- Bring a glass of water, please.
- Tell him to leave the room at once.
- Switch on the lights.
- March forward.
4. Exclamatory sentences : इस प्रकार के वाक्यों में किसी अकस्मात शोक, हर्ष, हैरानी, घृणा, आदि के भाव को व्यक्त किया जाता है। इनके अन्त में (अथवा विस्मय-बोधक शब्द के अन्त में) विस्मय-वाचक चिन्ह (!) – Mark of Exclamation – लगाया जाता है।
- Hurrah ! we have won.
- Alas ! he is ruined.
- What a lovely flower (it is) !
- How foolish he is !
5. Optative sentences : इस प्रकार के वाक्य किसी इच्छा अथवा प्रार्थना को प्रकट करते हैं। इनके अन्त में विस्मय-वाचक चिन्ह (!) – Mark of Exclamation – लगाया जाता है।
- May you succeed in life !
- O that she were alive!
- Would that I were young again !
- If only I could win the first prize !
नोट : परीक्षा-पत्र में प्राय: Assertive वाक्यों को ही Negative या Interrogative रूप में बदलने के लिए कहा जाता है। इस सम्बन्ध में निम्नलिखित नियम याद रखिए।
1. V1 वाले वाक्यों को Negative या Interrogative में बदलने के लिए helping verb के रूप में do का प्रयोग किया जाता है।
2. V1 + s / es वाले वाक्यों को Negative या Interrogative बनाने के लिए helping verb के रूप में does का प्रयोग किया जाता है। यह बात ध्यान रखने योग्य है कि does लगाने के बाद V1 के साथ लगा हुआ s / es हटा दिया जाता है।
3. V2 वाले वाक्यों को Negative या Interrogative बनाने के लिए helping verb के रूप में did का प्रयोग किया जाता है। यह बात ध्यान रखने योग्य है कि did लगाने के बाद V2 के स्थान पर V1 का प्रयोग किया जाता है।
4. Interrogative वाक्यों में helping verb का प्रयोग वाक्य के आरम्भ में किया जाता है।
Transformation of Sentences
Affirmative to Negative
Affirmative – Negative
1. He was the most loved boy. – He was not the most loved boy.
2. The teacher was present. – The teacher was not present.
3. He killed the snake. – He did not kill the snake.
4. He does his duty. – He does not do his duty.
5. I am coming to your house. – I am not coming to your house.
6. The sun sets at 6 p.m. – The sun does not set at 6 p.m.
7. He is writing a letter. – He is not writing a letter.
8. I can solve this sum. – I cannot solve this sum.
9. The moon rose at 10 o’clock. – The moon did not rise at 10 o’clock.
10. It may rain today. – It may not rain today.
11. He is my friend. – He is not my friend.
12. You are a lucky man. – You are not a lucky man.
II. Assertive to Interrogative
Assertive – Interrogative
1. They laughed at us. – Did they laugh at us?
2. She is beautiful. – Is she beautiful ?
3. He does his duty. – Does he do his duty ?
4. He can help you. – Can he help you ?
5. We should respect our parents. – Should we respect our parents ?
6. We built a house there. – Did we build a house there?
7. It may rain today. – May it rain today?
8. We must go there. – Must we go there?
9. You are late. – Are you late ?
10. He was happy. – Was he happy ?
11. We shall come soon. – Shall we come soon?
III. Interrogative to Assertive
Interrogative – Assertive
1. Who can tell the future ? – Nobody can tell the future.
2. When can their glory fade ? – Their glory can never fade.
3. Who wants to die? – Nobody wants to die.
4. Who can challenge me? – Nobody can challenge me.
5. Shall I ever forget those happy days. – I shall never forget those happy days?
6. Who does not love his country? – Everybody loves his country.
IV. Exclamatory to Assertive
Exclamatory – Assertive
1. How interesting the story is ! – The story is very interesting.
2. How foolish I am! – I am very foolish.
3. What a lovely rose ! – The rose is very lovely.
4. What a nice book it is ! – It is a very nice book.
5. O that I were young again ! – I wish I were young again.
6. Alas ! I am undone. – It is sad that I am undone.
Change of Tenses in Sentences
अब नीचे दिए गए उदाहरणों का अध्ययन ध्यानपूर्वक कीजिए
Changing into Present Indefinite Tense
1. He spoke the truth. – He speaks the truth.
2. He was reading the newspaper. – He reads the newspaper.
3. The moon rose at 7 o’clock. – The moon rises at 7 o’clock.
4. I did not write a letter. – I do not write a letter.
Changing into Past Indefinite Tense
1. Mohan buys a beautiful pen. – Mohan bought a beautiful pen.
2. I go to see the fair. – I went to see the fair.
3. My brother is preparing tea. – My brother prepared tea.
4. She does her duty well. – She did her duty well.
Changing into Future Indefinite Tense
1. I gave him ten rupees. – I shall give him ten rupees.
2. I am doing it honestly. – I shall do it honestly.
3. I went to see the fair. – I shall go to see the fair.
4. He has been deceiving you. – He will deceive you.
Changing into Present Continuous Tense
1. Was he speaking the truth? – Is he speaking the truth?
2. I have taken my breakfast. – I am taking my breakfast.
3. The old man had died. – The old man is dying.
4. He will go to Delhi. – He is going to Delhi.
Changing into Past Continuous Tense
1. You will not trust him. – You were not trusting him.
2. The teacher called the roll. – The teacher was calling the roll.
3. He speaks the truth. – He was speaking the truth.
4. I took the rope for a snake. – I was taking the rope for a snake.
Changing into Future Continuous Tense
1. The sun rises at six in the the morning. – The sun will be rising at six in morning.
2. I have done the sums. – I shall be doing the sums.
3. You committed the mistake. – You will be committing the mistake.
4. Are you drinking water ? – Will you be drinking water ?
Changing into Perfect Tenses
Present Perfect Tense – Past Perfect Tense – Future Perfect Tense
1. I have done. my work. – I had done my work. – I shall have done my work.
2. He has visited Delhi. – He had visited Delhi. – He will have visited Delhi.
Changing into Perfect Continuous Tenses
Present Perfect Continuous Tense – Past Perfect Continuous Tense – Future Perfect Continuous Tense
1. She has been weeping since morning. – She had been weeping since morning – She will have been weeping since morning.
2. It has been raining for the last 4 days. – It had been raining for the last 4 days. – It will have been raining for the last 4 days.
Exercise
Change the following sentences as directed.
1. He does not run very fast. (Positive)
2. Sohan plays hockey. (Future Perfect Tense)
3. Once a thief always a thief. (Negative Interrogative)
4. Who kills the mad dogs ? (Past Perfect)
5. He gets up early in the morning. (Negative)
6. She prefers tea to milk. (Interrogative)
7. His dog wanders all night. (Negative)
8. Ram is taking his meals. (Future Indefinite Tense)
9. Kapil is the best player of cricket. (Interrogative)
10. Where does your brother live ? (Past Continuous)
11. She wrote a beautiful poem. (Negative)
12. I knew him. (Future Indefinite Tense)
13. What a lovely child ! (Assertive)
14. She wrote a letter. (Negative)
15. You told a lie. (Present Continuous Tense)
16. The old man had died. (Present Continuous Tense)
17. He spoke the truth. (Present Indefinite)
18. Who does not love his country? (Assertive)
19. Gandhiji was the greatest leader of India. (Negative)
20. He is my friend. (Negative)
21. I did not write a letter. (Present Indefinite Tense)
22. Who wants to be a slave ? (Assertive)
23. My brother is singing a song. (Negative)
24. He went to Delhi. (Negative)
25. What a beautiful flower ! (Assertive)
26. She sings a beautiful song. (Future Continuous)
27. This river freezes in winter. (Past Indefinite)
28. What a nice book it is ! (Assertive)
29. Did they kill the mad dog? (Negative)
30. He finished his work. (Interrogative)
Answer:
1. He runs very fast.
2. Sohan will have played hockey.
3. Is once a thief not always a thief?
4. Who had killed the mad dogs ?
5. He does not get up early in the morning.
6. Does she prefer tea to milk ?
7. His dog does not wander all night.
8. Ram will take his meals.
9. Is Kapil the best player of cricket?
10. Where was your brother living?
11. She did not write a beautiful poem.
12. I will know him.
13. The child is very lovely.
14. She did not write a letter.
15. You are telling a lie.
16. The old man is dying.
17. He speaks the truth.
18. Everybody loves his country.
19. No other leader of India was so great as Gandhiji.
20. He is not my friend.
21. I do not write a letter.
22. Nobody wants to be a slave.
23. My brother is not singing a song.
24. He did not go to Delhi.
25. The flower is very beautiful.
26. She will be singing abeautiful song.
27. This river froze in winter.
28. It is a very nice book.
29. Did they not kill the mad dog?
30. Did he finish his work ?
B. Interchange of Degrees of Comparison
Interchange of as adjective opt degree of comparison बदलना संभव होता है।
1. जब किसी वस्तु अथवा व्यक्ति की तुलना उसी प्रकार की किसी अन्य वस्तु अथवा व्यक्ति से की जाए तो हम Positive अथवा Comparative Degree का प्रयोग कर सकते हैं।
निम्नलिखित उदाहरणों का अध्ययन करें:
1. He is as dull as an ass. (Positive)
An ass is not duller than he is. (Comparative)
2. She is not so wise as her sister. (Positive)
Her sister is wiser than she is. (Comparative)
(Comparative) उपयुक्त उदाहरणों से यह स्पष्ट है कि Positive Degree का कोई affirmative वाक्य Comparative Degree, में negative बन जाता है तथा इसका विपरीत भी सत्य है।
Affirmative वाक्य में Positive Degree के साथ as …….. as का प्रयोग किया जाता है।
He is as dull as an ass.
Negative वाक्य में Positive Degree के साथ so …….. as का प्रयोग किया जाता है।.
She is not so wise as her sister.
2. जब एक वस्तु अथवा व्यक्ति की तुलना उसी प्रकार की अन्य कई वस्तुओं अथवा व्यक्तियों से करनी हो, तो हम किसी भी degree का प्रयोग कर सकते हैं – Positive, Comparative अथवा Superlative.
Adjective Degree:
Superlative – Comparative – Positive
the best – better than any other – no other …………… So good as
not the best – not better than some others – some ………. at least as good as
one of the best (of) – better than most others – very few …………… so good as
not one of the best – some others better than – not so good as some others.
Exercise
Change the Degree of Comparison without changing the meaning.
I. 1. She is as cunning as a fox.
2. He is as brave as a lion.
3. His skin is as black as coal.
4. Liza is as beautiful as the moon.
5. He runs as fast as a deer.
6. She is not so beautiful as her sister.
7. A bird can’t fly so fast as an aeroplane.
8. Iron is not so heavy as gold.
Answer:
1. 1. A fox is not cleverer than she (is).
2. A lion is not braver than he (is).
3. Coal is not blacker than his skin.
4. The moon is not more beautiful than Liza.
5. A dear does not – run faster than he.
6. Her sister is more beautiful than she (is).
7. An aeroplane can fly faster than a bird.
8. Gold is heavier than iron.
II. 1. Abdul is taller than Hamid.
2. A wise enemy is better than a foolish friend.
3. The younger sister is cleverer than the elder.
4. A live ass is stronger than a dead lion.
5. I work harder than you do.
6. Sham is not more hard-working than Prem.
7. A rose is not fairer than she is.
8. This room is not larger than that one.
Answer:
1. Hamid is not so tall as Abdul.
2. A foolish friend is not so good as a wise enemy.
3. The elder sister is not so clever as the younger.
4. A dead lion is not so strong as a live ass.
5. You do not work so hard as I do.
6. Prem is as hard-working as Sham.
7. She is as fair as a rose.
8. That room is as large as this one.
III. 1. Mumbai is the best seaport in India.
2. Riding is the best kind of exercise.
3. She is the most beautiful girl in our class.
4. Shakespeare was the greatest dramatist of England.
5. Forgiveness is the noblest form of revenge.
6. Ashok is not the best player of our team.
7. Quinine is not the bitterest of all medicines.
8. She is not the wisest of all the girls in our class.
Answer:
1. Mumbai is better than any other seaport in India.
(or)
No other seaport in India is so good as Mumbai.
2. Riding is better than any other exercise.
(or)
No other exercise is so good as riding.
3. She is more beautiful than any other girl in our class.
(or)
No other girl in our class is so beautiful as she.
4. Shakespeare was greater than any other dramatist of England.
(or)
No other dramatist of England was so great as Shakespeare.
5. Forgiveness is nobler than any other form of revenge.
(or)
No other form of revenge is so noble as forgiveness.
6. Ashok is not better than some other players of our team.
(or)
Some other players are at least as good as Ashok.
7. Quinine is not more bitter than some other medicines.
(or)
Some other medicines are at least as bitter as quinine.
8. She is not wiser than some other girls in our class.
(or)
Some other girls in our class are at least as wise as she.
C. Transformation of Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
1. Converting Simple Sentences into Compound Sentences
Simple sentence को Compound sentence में परिवर्तित करने के लिए वाक्य के किसी शब्द या (Co-ordinate clause) निम्नलिखित उदाहरणों का अध्ययन ध्यानपूर्वक करें:
Simple – Compound
1. He must work very hard to make up for the lost time. – He must work very hard and make up for the lost time.
2. To our great surprise, he betrayed and his own friends. – He betrayed his own friends, this surprised us greatly.
3. Besides robbing the poor man, he also murdered him. – He not only robbed the poor man but also murdered him.
4. He must work very hard to win the first prize. – He must work very hard, or he will not win the first prize.
5. He must not attempt to cheat on pain of punishment. – He must not attempt to cheat, or he will be punished.
6. Owing to ill-luck, he met with a bad accident. – He was unlucky, and met with a bad accident.
7. The teacher punished the boy for disobedience. – The boy was disobedient, and the teacher punished him.
2. Converting Compound Sentences into Simple Sentences
Compound sentence को Simple sentence में परिवर्तित करने के लिए वाक्य के किसी एक Co-ordinate clauses को बदल कर वाक्यांश बना दें।
निम्नलिखित उदाहरणों का अध्ययन ध्यानपूर्वक करें:
Compound – Simple
1. We must eat, or we cannot live. – We must eat to live.
2. He must not be late, or he will be punished. – In the event of his being late, he will be punished.
3. He finished his homework and put away his books. – Having finished his homework, he put away his books.
4. You must either pay the bill at once or return the goods. – Failing immediate payment of the bill, the goods must be returned.
5. He was a mere boy, yet he offered to fight the giant. – In spite of his being a mere boy, he offered to fight the giant.
6. Not only did his father but his mother also give him money.
Besides his father, his mother also gave him money.
7. The men endured all the horrors of the campaign and not one of them complained at all.
The men endured all the horrors of the campaign without any of them making a complaint.
3. Converting Simple Sentences into Complex Sentences
Simple sentence को Complex sentence में परिवर्तित करने के लिए वाक्यांश को विस्तृत करके Subordinate clause ( जोकि कोई Noun, Adjective, या Adverb clause हो सकती है) बना
1. Listen to what the teacher says.
2. The fact is that he knows nothing.
3. He was told that he must not be late again.
4. That John was a thief was not known to me.
5. I was shocked to hear that his only son had died.
6. It is true that he risked his own life to save the child.
7. Learning that my brother had received serious injuries, I left for Shimla.
Adjective Clause वह उपवाक्य हातो है जोकि, किसी अन्य उपवाक्य के किसी शब्द के संबंध में एक विशेषण का कार्य कर रहा होता है। निम्नलिखित Complex Sentences में प्रत्येक वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द Adjective Clause बनाते हैं।
1. There was none but wept.
2. He is not such a man as can be trusted.
3. The company that supplied goods has failed.
4. The house where my brother lives has been sold.
5. The complaint which he made against me is false.
Adverb Clause वह उपवाक्य हातो है जोकि, किसी अन्य उपवाक्य के किसी शब्द के संबंध में एक क्रिया विशेषण का कार्य कर रहा होता है।
प्रत्येक निम्नलिखित Complex Sentences में रेखांकित शब्द Adverb Clause बनाते हैं। .
1. He talks as if he were mad.
2. I work hard so that I may pass.
3. Where there is a will, there is a way.
4. You should act as the doctor advises you.
5. When the cat is away the mice will play.
6. As far as I know, Ram Lal is not to blame.
7. As you are over twelve, you will have to pay full fare.
निम्नलिखित उदाहरणों का अध्ययन ध्यानपूर्वक करें:
Simple – Complex
1. He confessed his crime. – He confessed that he was guilty.
2. His silence proves his guilt. – The fact that he is silent proves his guilt,
3. He bought his uncle’s house. – He bought the house which belonged to his uncle.
4. On the arrival of the police, the crowd dispersed. – The crowd dispersed as soon as the police arrived.
5. He owed his success to his father. – It was owing to his father that he suceeded.
6. He worked hard to pass the examination. – He worked hard that he might pass the examination.
7. Rahul, being jealous of Amit, struck him. – Rahul struck Amit because he was jealous of him.
8. Only students are admitted. – If you are not a student, you won’t be admitted.
9. The manangement is thoroughly it could be. – The management is as corrupt as corrupt.
10. A man’s modesty is in inverse proportion to his ignorance. – The more ignorant a man is, the less modest he is.
4. Converting Complex Sentences into Simple-Sentences
Complex sentence is Simple sentence किसी वाक्यांश में परिवर्तित कर देते हैं।
निम्नलिखित उदाहरणों का अध्ययन ध्यानपूर्वक करें :
Complex – Simple
1. Tell me where you live. – Tell me your address.
2. How long I shall stay is doubtful. – The duration of my stay is doubtful.
3. He died in the village where he was born. – He died in his native village.
4. The moment which is lost is lost for ever. – A lost moment is lost for ever.
5. Those that are healthy have no need of the physician. – Healthy persons have no need of the physician.
6. We came upon a hut where a peasant lived. – We came upon a peasant’s hut.
7. The exact time when this happened is not certain. – The exact time of its happening is not certain.
8. The place where the Buddha was cremated has been discovered. – The place of the Buddha’s cremation has been discovered.
9. I have no advice that I can offer you. – I have not advice to offer you.
10. You can eat as much as you like. – You can eat to your heart’s content.
5. Converting Compound Sentences into Complex Sentences
निम्नलिखित उदाहरणों का अध्ययन ध्यानपूर्वक करें:
Compound – Complex
1. Search his pockets, and you will find the watch. – If you search his pockets, you will find the watch.
2. Do as I tell you, or you will you have to suffer. – Unless you do as I tell you, will have to suffer.
3. The lion was wounded, but not killed. – The lion was not killed although he was wounded.
4. Waste not, want not. – If you do not waste a thing, you will never feel its want.
5. He saw the danger, but kept on advancing. – Although he saw the danger, he kept on advancing.
6. He saw the danger and paused. – When he saw the danger, he paused.
7. He aimed at winning the prize, and worked hard. – He worked hard so that he might win the prize.
8. He was late, and missed the train. – As he was late, he missed the train.
9. He lives in Cherrapoonji and it rains there almost daily. – He lives in Cherrapoonji where it rains almost daily.
10. He wishes to become learned therefore, he is studying hard. – He is studying hard because he wishes to become learned.
6. Converting Complex Sentences into Compound Sentences
निम्नलिखित उदाहरणों का अध्ययन ध्यानपूर्वक करें:
Complex – Compound
1. I am certain you have made a mistake. – You have made a mistake, and I am certain of this.
2. I am glad that he has recovered from illness. – He has recovered from illness, and this gladdens me.
3. We can prove that the earth is round. – The earth is round, and we can prove this.
4. I have found the book that I had lost. – I had lost a book, but I have found it.
5. As soon as he got the message, he left in a taxi. – He got the message, and immediately he left in a taxi.
6. He worked hard so that he might win the prize. – He aimed at winning the prize and worked hard.
7. If he is at home, I shall see him. – He may be at home, and in that case I shall see him.
8. He lost more than he could afford. – He could not afford to lose so much as he did.
9. He is more a philosopher than a poet. – He is something of a poet, but more than that he is a philosopher.
10. If you do not hurry, you will miss the train. – You must hurry, or you will miss the train.
Exercise
1. Rewrite the following Simple sentences as Compound ones.
1. To avoid punishment, he ran away.
2. He was rejected owing to ill health.
3. Owing to drought, the crop is short.
4. With a great effort, he lifted the box.
5. Notwithstanding several efforts, he failed.
6. Being a cripple, he cannot ride a horse.
7. He must resign on pain of public protest.
8. Being dissatisfied, he resigned his position.
Answer:
1. He wanted to avoid punishment; therefore, he ran away.
2. He was not in good health; therefore, he was rejected.
3. There was drought; therefore, the crop is short.
4. He applied a great effort and lifted the box.
5. He made several efforts, yet he failed.
6. He is a cripple, and therefore, he cannot ride a horse.
7. He must resign, or the public will protest against him.
8. He was dissatisfied, and resigned his position.
2. Rewrite the following Compound sentences as Simple ones.
1. Be good and you will be happy.
2. He is rich, yet he is not contented.
3. Make haste, or else you will be late.
4. He tried hard, but he did not succeed.
5. He did this and so offended his master.
6. I called him, but he gave me no answer.
7. The girls not only sang, but danced also.
8. I have a lot of work and must do it now.
Answer:
1. Being good, you will be happy.
2. In spite of being rich, he is not contented.
3. Without making haste, you will be late.
4. In spite of trying hard, he did not succeed.
5. By doing this, he offended his master.
6. In spite of my calling him, he gave no answer.
7. Besides singing, the girls danced also.
8. Having a lot of work, I must do it now.
3. Convert the following Simple sentences into Complex sentences.
1. Tell the truth.
2. I request your help.
3. He confessed his fault.
4. I wish you to be quiet.
5. I overheard all his remarks.
6. He hoped to win the prize.
7. I expect to meet Rama tonight.
8. He is said to be a millionaire.
Answer:
1. Tell me what the truth is.
2. It is my request that you should help me.
3. He confessed that it was his fault.
4. I wish that you should be quiet.
5. I overheard all that he remarked.
6. He hoped that he would win the prize.
7. I expect that I will (shall / would) meet Rama tonight.
8. It is said that he is a millionaire.
4. Turn each of the following Complex sentences into a Simple sentence.
1. It is time you went.
2. Grant me what I ask.
3. Come when you can.
4. Tell me where you live.
5. Tell me how old you are.
6. Work as hard as you can.
7. I shall remain where I am.
8. He ran as fast as he could.
Answer:
1. It is time for you to go.
2. Grant me my request.
3. Come when possible.
4. Tell me the
place of your residence.
5. Tell me your age.
6. Work hard to the best of your ability.
7. I shall remain in my place.
8. He ran at the highest possible speed.
5. Convert the following Compound sentences into Complex sentences
1. We will win or die.
2. Be just, and fear not.
3. You or I must go away.
4. He is poor, but contented.
5. Listen, and I will tell you all.
6. You called me, and here I am.
7. Be quiet, or I shall punish you.
8. She must weep, or she will die.
Answer:
1. If we don’t win, we will die.
2. If you are just, you will have no fear.
3. If you do not
go away, I must.
4. Though he is poor, he is contented.
5. If you listen, I will tell you all.
6. As you called me, I am here.
7. If you are not quiet, I shall punish you.
8. If she does not weep, she will die.
6. Convert the following Complex sentences into Compound sentences.
1. He fell as I fired.
2. Come when you like.
3. We eat that we may live.
4. I could answer if I chose.
5. I know what you told him.
6. I do not think he will come.
7. If you run, you will be in time.
8. His bark is worse than his bite.
Answer:
1. I fired and he fell.
2. Come at any time, and you have the option in the matter.
3. We wish to live; and therefore, we eat.
4. I can answer, but I don’t choose to.
5. You told him something and I know it.
6. He will not come and I think so.
7. Run and you will be in time.
8. His bite is bad, but his bark is worse.
D. Removal And Use of ‘Too’
1. The news is too good to be true. = The news is so good that it cannot be true
2. She is too clever not to see through your tricks. = She is so clever that she will see through your tricks.
3. These mangoes are so cheap that they cannot be good. = These mangoes are too cheap to be good.
Exercise
I. Rewrite the following sentences removing the Adverb ‘too’.
1. This tree is too high for me to climb.
2. He speaks too fast to be understood.
3. He is far too stupid for such a difficult job.
4. She is sobbing too deeply to answer.
5. This fact is too evident to require proof.
6. Her dress is too striking not to attract attention.
7. He is too young to go on his own.
8. It is too late to do anything about it now.
Answer:
1. 1. This tree is so high that I can’t climb it.
2. He speaks so fast that he can’t be understood.
3. He is so stupid that he can’t do such a difficult job.
4. She is sobbing so deeply that she can’t answer.
5. This fact is so evident that it does not require any proof.
6. Her dress is so striking that it can’t fail to attract attention.
7. He is so young that he can’t go on his own.
8. It is so late that nothing can be done about it now.
II. Rewrite the following sentences using the Adverb ‘too’.
1. It is never so late that you can’t mend.
2. He is so proud that he won’t beg.
3. My heart is so full that I can’t find words to express myself.
4. He was so late that he couldn’t hear the first speech.
5. He is so ignorant that he can’t work as a postman.
6. The man was so old that it was not proper to rebuke him.
7. He is so weak that he cannot play.
8. Harish was so intelligent that he could understand this point.
Answer:
2. 1. It is never too late to mend.
2. He is too proud to beg.
3. My heart is too full for words.
4. He was too late to hear the first speech.
5. He is too ignorant to work as a postman.
6. The man was too old for a rebuke.
7. He is too weak to play.
8. Harish was too intelligent not to understand this point.
Miscellaneous Exercise (Based on Textual Sentences)
I. Rewrite the following sentences after removing ‘too’.
1. We must set things right before it is too late.
2. Water is too important a resource to be wasted.
3. Barb was too afraid to make a reply.
4. Sudha was too scared to go to meet Mr. JRD.
5. She was too old to have grown older.
6. Major Som Nath was too brave to quit even in the face of heavy firing.
7. I’m not too sure about it.
8. To spend too much time in studies is sloth.
9. We must hear the warning bells before it is too late.
Answer:
1. We must set things right before it is so late that we cannot mend them.
2. Water is so important a resource that it should not be wasted.
3. Barb was so afraid that she could not make a reply.
4. Sudha was so scared that she could not go to meet Mr. JRD.
5. She was so old that she could not have grown older.
6. Major Som Nath was so brave that he could not quit even in the face of heavy firing.
7. I’m not very sure about it.
8. It is sloth to spend so much time in studies.
9. We must hear the warning bells before it is so late that we can do nothing
II. Rewrite the following sentences using ‘too’.
1. We are so lazy that we do not care to lift the garbage lying around us.
2. The atombombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were really very destructive.
3. After his encounter with the grizzly, Malcolm had become so ugly that nobody could love him.
4. Scars are not so powerful that they can change the person.
5. The need of water conservation is so grave that it cannot be ignored.
Answer:
1. We are too lazy to care to lift the garbage lying around us.
2. The atom bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were too destructive.
3. After his encounter with the grizzly, Malcolm had become too ugly to be loved by anyone.
4. Scars are not too powerful to change the person.
5. The need of water conservation is too grave to be ignored.
Exercises From Grammar Book (Fully Solved)
Exercise 1
Look at the following sentences and identify them as simple, compound or complex sentences.
1. This is the town where he was born.
2. Be kind and help the poor.
3. He is a good player.
4. He saw a man who was limping.
5. Stay healthy and cheerful.
6. He knew what he wanted from them.
7. I shall speak to you when I reach home.
8. In spite of hard work, he could not win.
9. He heard what I said.
10. They shall come home now.
Answer:
1. Complex sentence
2. Compound sentence
3. Simple sentence
4. Complex sentence
5. Simple sentence
6. Complex sentence
7. Complex sentence
8. Simple sentence
9. Complex sentence
10. Simple sentence.
Exercise 2
Identify the following sentences as simple, compound or complex sentences.
1. He must weep or he will die.
2. I know Rajesh is a clever person.
3. The village in which he lives is every small.
4. The train leaves at 5 p.m.
5. There is no student but loves good teachers.
6. Whoever is learned is respected.
7. What you say is quite correct.
8. He is too fat to run.
9. He is so fast that you cannot catch him.
10. He is very rich yet very humble.
Answer:
1. Compound sentence
2. Complex sentence
3. Complex sentence
4. Simple sentence
5. Complex sentence
6. Simple sentence
7. Complex sentence
8. Simple sentence
9. Complex sentence
10. Complex sentence.
Exercise 3
Identify the following sentences as simple, compound or complex sentences.
1. I can prove that he is a liar.
2. God made man and man made a machine.
3. He is more a fool than a cheat.
4. He was tall and handsome.
5. He says that he will win.
6. This is the business in which huge profits can be earned.
7. Moga is the place of my birth.
8. As you sow so shall you reap.
9. We must eat to live.
10. I hoped that it was true.
Answer:
1. Complex sentence
2. Compound sentence
3. Simple sentence
4. Simple sentence
5. Complex sentence
6. Complex sentence
7. Simple sentence
8. Complex sentence
9. Simple sentence
10. Complex sentence.
Exercise 4
Transform the following simple sentences into compound sentences.
1. He shall succeed with your assistance.
2. Climbing up the table, he cleaned the ceiling fan.
3. You must rest to avoid losing your health.
4. Work hard to pass the examination.
5. Through his sincere efforts, he won the first position.
6. Besides being hard-working, he is intelligent.
7. Coming here, he took away my books.
8. Owing to his indiscipline, he was reprimanded.
9. Seeing a tiger coming, he fled.
10. Going to New York, Manav met his friend.
Answer:
1. Assist him, and he shall succeed.
2. He climbed up the table and cleaned the ceiling fan.
3. You must rest or you will lose your health.
4. Work hard and you will pass the examination.
5. He made sincere efforts and won the first position.
6. He is not only hard-working, but also intelligent.
7. He came here and (he) took away my books.
8. He showed indiscipline, therefore he was reprimanded.
9. He saw a tiger coming and he fled.
10. Manav went to New York and met his friend.
Exercise 5
Transform the following simple sentences into compound sentences.
1. Getting out of the car, Mr. Rattan Tata walked away.
2. Being hungry, he needed food.
3. We were surprised to see him at our place.
4. He will compel you to leave the room.
5. Being lazy, he failed.
6. He fell asleep on account of being tired.
7. In spite of being poor he is very honest.
8. Notwithstanding his failure, he is still hopeful.
9. She was credited for her hard work.
10. Taking a stone, the threw at the dog.
Answer:
1. Mr. Rattan Tata got out of the car and walked away.
2. He was hungry, therefore he needed food.
3. We saw him at our place and (we) were surprised.
4. He will compel you and you will leave the room.
5. He was lazy, therefore he failed.
6. He was tired and fell asleep.
7. He is poor but he is honest.
8. He failed but he is still hopeful.
9. She worked hard, therefore she was credited.
10. He took a stone and threw it at the dog.
Exercise 6
Transform the following simple sentences into complex sentences.
1. He is sure of his success.
2. She doesn’t remember the exact date of her birth.
3. He knows the name of the best player in this team.
4. She promised to help me.
5. I owe my success to his guidance.
6. India is my land of birth.
7. His victory is certain.
8. His remarks pleased all.
9. He died in his youth.
10. He is too fat to run.
Answer:
1. He is sure that he will succeed.
2. She doesn’t remember the exact date when she was born.
3. He knows what the name of the best player in this team is.
4. She promised that she would help me.
5. I owe my success to him because he guided me.
6. India is the land where I was born.
7. It is certain that victory will be his.
8. It was his remarks that pleased all.
9. When he died, he was very young.
10. He is so fat that he cannot run.
Exercise 7
Transform the following simple sentences into complex sentences.
1. I wish him success.
2. India’s victory is certain.
3. It is the way to learn new ideas.
4. We must help him, a poor man.
5. He is too weak to walk.
6. This book is too good to lose.
7. It is his duty to safeguard his children.
8. Father desired him to succeed.
9. Work hard for success.
10. He acts like a joker.
Answer:
1. It is my wish that he may succeed.
2. It is certain that victory will be India’s.
3. It is the way through which one can learn new ideas.
4. We must help him because he is a poor man.
5. He is so weak that he cannot walk.
6. This book is so good that I cannot afford to lose it.
7. It is his duty that he should safeguard his children.
8. Father desired that he (his son) should succeed.
9. Work hard so that you may succeed.
10. He acts as if he were a joker.
Exercise 8
Transform the following simple sentences into complex sentences.
1. Owing to repeated failures, she made no effort.
2. He is too weak to stand.
3. They went to Chandigarh to buy a car.
4. He would be very pleased to help us in any way.
5. Of all the players, Virat is the best batsman.
6. On reaching the city, she went straight to her college.
7. Being lost in thoughts, I could not see him.
8. He got plucked in the tests because of his careless attitude.
9. On being caught red-handed, he had to admit his mistake.
10. In spite of all his riches, he had no peace of mind.
Answer:
1. She made no effort because she had failed repeatedly.
2. He is so weak that he cannot stand.
3. They went to Chandigarh so that they could buy a car there.
4. He would be very pleased if he could help us in any way.
5. As a batsman, Virat is so good that he cannot be compared with any other player.
6. When she reached the city, she went straight to her college.
7. I could not see him because I was lost in my thoughts.
8. He got plucked in the tests because he had a careless attitude.
9. He had to admit his mistake when he was caught red-handed.
10. He had all his riches, yet he had no peace of mind.
Exercise 9
Transform the following simple sentences into complex sentences.
1. He felt utterly helpless.
2. Sheena admitted her guilt.
3. The boss is likely to punish her.
4. He has informed her of her result.
5. That is the way to do it.
6. Having renounced the world, these monks live on charity.
7. He comes of a rich and noble family.
8. There I saw many beautiful palaces.
9. She likes my style.
10. He seems to be a fool.
Answer:
1. He felt that he was utterly helpless.
2. Sheena admitted that she was guilty.
3. It is likely that the boss will punish her.
4. He has informed her about what her result is.
5. That is the way how it should be done.
6. These monks live on charity because they have renounced the world.
7. He comes of a family which is rich and noble.
8. I saw that there were many beautiful palaces there.
9. She says admiringly that my style is very good.
10. It seems that he is a fool.
Exercise 10
Transform the following simple sentences into complex sentences.
1. Ms Sushma is said to be a good doctor.
2. The east wind cut like a knife.
3. Don’t leave the station without permission.
4. She speaks very fast for me to understand.
5. He is a lazy lad.
6. I like solving such problems.
7. His face expressions tell us a different story.
8. Today is the last day of this test match.
9. On being questioned, he confessed his fault.
10. Tell us the facts,
Answer:
1. It is said that Ms Sushma is a good doctor.
2. It seemed as if the east wind was cutting like a knife.
3. Don’t leave the station unless you are permitted.
4. She speaks so fast that I cannot understand her.
5. He is a lad who is lazy.
6. I am happy when I have to solve such problems.
7. His face expressions tell us that the actual story is different.
8. Today is the day which is the last day of this test match.
9. He confessed his fault when he was questioned.
10. Tell us what the facts are.
Exercise 11
Transform the following compound sentences into complex sentences.
1. He saw the lion and fled.
2. He got the message and replied at once.
3. I saw the thief and caught him.
4. You have to write it or you will forget it.
5. The teacher explained the sum and students noted it.
6. He finished his breakfast and left the table.
7. He was upset, but did not lose heart.
8. Be simple and you will win hearts.
9. She tried her best, but could not catch the thief.
10. The principal addressed the students and gave his message.
Answer:
1. He fled when he saw the lion.
2. He replied at once when he got the message.
3. As soon as I saw the thief, I caught him.
4. If you do not write it, you will forget it.
5. After the teacher had explained the sum, the students noted it.
6. He left the table after he had finished his breakfast.
7. Though he was upset, yet he did not lose heart.
8. You will win hearts if you are simple.
9. She could not catch the thief though she tried her best.
10. The principal gave his message to the students when he addressed them.
Exercise 12
Transform the following compound sentences into complex sentences.
1. He had lost the book and he has found it.
2. She read the letter and took off.
3. You must run or you will miss the meeting.
4. The nation calls us and we must respond.
5. We must eat or we can’t live.
6. He is unwell, but he doesn’t rest.
7. He must admit his fault or he will be thrown away.
8. Spare the rod and spoil the child.
9. Take care of your health and you will live longer.
10. Show me his picture, I will find him.
Answer:
1. He has found the book which he had lost.
2. As soon as she read the letter, she took off.
3. You will miss the meeting if you do not run.
4. We must respond when the nation calls us.
5. We can’t live if we don’t eat.
6. He doesn’t rest though he is unwell.
7. He will be thrown away if he does not admit his fault.
8. The child will be spoiled if you spare the rod.
9. If you take care of your health, you will live longer.
10. If you show me his picture, I will find him.
Exercise 13.
Transform the following compound sentences into complex sentences.
1. He must be advised or he will falter.
2. I must be informed about your loss or I shall not bother.
3. He cares for me so I respect him.
4. Write as I say or I will not help you.
5. She wrote to me and I responded immediately.
6. Be truthful and fear not.
7. Keep quiet or you will be punished.
8. We called the peon, but she did not appear.
9. She worked very hard, yet she did not top her class.
10. He was unhappy with his boss, so he left the job.
Answer:
1. He will falter if he is not advised.
2. If I am not informed about your loss, I shall not bother.
3. I respect him because he cares for me.
4. I will not help you if you don’t write as I say.
5. I responded immediately when she wrote to me.
6. You need not fear if you are truthful.
7. You will be punished if you don’t keep quiet.
8. The peon did not appear when we called her.
9. She did not top her class though she had worked very hard.
10. He left the job because he was unhappy with his boss.
Exercise 14
Transform the following compound sentences into complex sentences.
1. She asked me and I gave her all the details of the incident.
2. Either you tell us the truth or you will be sacked.
3. Finish this work in time, or I will not give any more orders.
4. He threw off his shirt and jumped into water to pull out the drowning child.
5. He has a charming smile, therefore, he has made many fans.
6. I found his mobile and he was very thankful to me.
7. He is an old friend, therefore, I respect him.
8. She must weep, or she will fall sick.
9. Milkha Singh was hard-working and he won many races.
10. They were afraid and they ran away.
Answer:
1. I gave her all the details of the incident when she asked me.
2. You will be sacked if you don’t tell us the truth.
3. I will not give any more orders if you don’t finish this work in time.
4. He threw off his shirt and jumped into water because he wanted to pull out the drowning child.
5. He has made many fans because he has a charming smile.
6. He was very thankful to me because I had found his mobile.
7. I respect him because he is an old friend.
8. She will fall sick if she doesn’t weep.
9. Milkha Singh won many races because he was hard working.
10. They ran away because they were afraid.
Exercise 15
Transform the following compound sentences into complex sentences.
1. He must resign, or he will be thrown out unceremoniously.
2. I rang up at your number, but you never responded.
3. Be diligent and you will succeed.
4. Be nice to others and you will be happy.
5. I not only make promises, but also fulfil them.
6. He took a break and started working again.
7. He should not be late or he may be fined.
8. Listen and she will explain.
9. Waste not, want not.
10. Give the papers to my secretary and I will sign them.
Answer:
1. He will be thrown out unceremoniously if he does not resign.
2. You never responded whenever I rang up at your number.
3. You will succeed if you are diligent.
4. You will be happy if you are nice to others.
5. I fulfil promises whenever I make them.
6. He started working again after he had taken a break.
7. He may be fined if he is late.
8. She will explain if you listen.
9. You will not want if you don’t waste.
10. I will sign the papers if you give them to my secretary.
Exercise 16
State which of the following sentences are ‘Compound and which are ‘Complex’.
1. He must cry or he will die.
2. He knows Reena who is a clever girl.
3. The village in which I was born is very small.
4. I returned home because I was tired.
5. He will treat them, as they treated him.
6. God made rivers and man made dams.
7. A guest is unwelcome when he stays too long.
8. He is not only handsome, but also clever.
9. I liked what he suggested.
10. She was sick, but still she attended school.
Answer:
1. Compound sentence
2. Complex sentence
3. Complex sentence
4. Complex sentence
5. Complex sentence
6. Compound sentence
7. Complex sentence
8. Compound sentence
9. Complex sentence
10. Compound sentence.
Exercise 17
State which of the following sentences are ‘Compound and which are ‘Complex’.
1. As I was sick, I could not go out.
2. The higher we go, the cooler it is.
3. We wish he should win.
4. She was ill, therefore, she could not come to school.
5. I was tired and fell asleep.
6. He had no advice that he could offer.
7. She is rich but she is miserly.
8. I will help him with the resources that he needs.
9. When he was questioned, he faltered.
10. She is very intelligent yet simple.
Answer:
1. Complex sentence
2. Complex sentence
3. Complex sentence
4. Compound sentence
5. Compound sentence
6. Complex sentence
7. Compound sentence
8. Complex sentence
9. Complex sentence
10. Compound sentence.
Exercise 18 (a)
State which of the following sentences are Compound and which are ‘Complex’.
1. This is the place where Gandhiji stayed.
2. I know what is in this packet.
3. I picked up the chalk and wrote on the board.
4. He can go wherever he likes.
5. Neither you nor he is wrong.
6. Don’t talk while I am speaking.
7. It was not so big as I thought.
8. It seems as if it might rain.
9. I will help her when she needs any help.
10. I got up and walked out of the meeting.
Answer:
1. Complex sentence
2. Complex sentence
3. Compound sentence
4. Complex sentence
5. Compound sentence
6. Complex sentence
7. Complex sentence
8. Complex sentence
9. Complex sentence
10. Compound sentence.
Exercise 18 (b)
Transform the following sentences into interrogative.
1. It is useless to blame her.
2. Everyone knows him.
3. Our soldiers are exceptionally brave.
4. It is not a foolish idea.
5. The deaf cannot hear.
6. Everyone loves his parents.
7. His arguments are baseless.
8. Cowards die many times before their death.
9. A rolling stone gathers no moss.
10. This is not the way a gentleman should behave.
Answer:
1. Isn’t it useless to blame her ?
2. Who doesn’t know him ?
3. Aren’t our soldiers exceptionally brave ?
4. Is it a foolish idea ?
5. Can the deaf hear ?
6. Who does not love his parents?
7. Aren’t his arguments baseless ?
8. Don’t cowards die many times before their death ?
9. Can a rolling stone gather moss ?
10. Is it the way a gentleman should behave ?
Exercise 19
Transform the following sentences into assertive.
1. Why cry over spilt milk ?
2. Why be dishonest ?
3. Who is free from guilt ?
4. Who can serve two masters ?
5. Is honesty not the best policy?
6. Why waste time in useless arguments ?
7. Why go to him ?
8. Who would not like to be a millionaire ?
9. Who likes to be the last ?
10. Can anybody say that he has never told a lie ?
Answer:
1. It is no use crying over spilt milk.
2. You should not be dishonest.
3. Nobody is free from guilt.
4. Nobody can serve two masters.
5. Honesty is the best policy.
6. It is no use wasting time in useless arguments.
7. It is no use going to him.
8. Everybody would like to be a millionaire.
9. Nobody likes to be the last.
10. Nobody can say that he has never told a lie.
Exercise 20
Transform the following exclamatory sentences into assertive.
1. O for a cup of coffee !
2. Would that I were an engineer !
3. How stupid of him to say that.
4. Alas ! He has lost his purse.
5. Hurrah ! We have won.
6. Oh ! you are going.
7. If I were the Prime Minister of India !
8. What a great start of the day !
9. What a lovely face !
10. How sweet of you!
Answer:
1. I long for a cup of coffee.
2. My greatest wish is to become an engineer.
3. It was very stupid of him to say that.
4. It is very sad that he has lost his purse.
5. It is a matter of great joy that we have won.
6. It is sad that you are going.
7. My greatest ambition is to become the Prime Minister of India.
8. It is a very great start of the day.
9. It is a very lovely face.
10. It is very sweet of you.
Exercise 21
Transform the following sentences into exclamatory.
1. I wish I had a cup of tea.
2. It was a very nice day.
3. It is very sad that she is undone.
4. It is very odd.
5. He narrates the story very cleverly.
6. Swami Vivekananda was a great speaker.
7. Kishore was, indeed, a great singer.
8. It is very stupid of him to critize others.
9. Man is a strange piece of work.
10. Death is very dreadful.
Answer:
1. O for a cup of tea !
2. What a nice day it was !
3. Alas ! She is undone.
4. How odd it is !
5. How cleverly he narrates the story !
6. What a great speaker Swami Vivekananda was !
7. What a great singer Kishore was !
8. How stupid of him to criticize others !
9. What a strange piece of work man is !
10. How dreadful death is !
Exercise 22
Transform the following sentences, using comparative degree of comparison.
1. He is not so tall as his brother.
2. He is the most honest employee.
3. No other boy is as good as Parth.
4. Jill is not as beautiful as Maggie.
5. I have never seen such a beautiful girl as Rekha.
6. No other metal is as useful as iron.
7. This book is not so good as that.
8. Himalaya runs as fast as a horse.
9. Mandeep is as strong as Sandeep.
10. Alisha does not sing so well as Lata.
Answer:
1. His brother is taller than him.
2. He is more honest than any other employee.
3. Parth is better than any other boy.
4. Maggie is more beautiful than Jill.
5. Rekha is more beautiful than any other girl I have ever seen.
6. Iron is more useful than any other metal.
7. That book is better than this one.
8. A horse doesn’t run faster than Himalaya.
9. Sandeep is not stronger than Mandeep.
10. Lata sings better than Alisha.
Exercise 23
Transform the following sentences, using positive degree of comparison.
1. She is not more intelligent than I.
2. Ravi is smarter than Kishan.
3. This poem is better than that.
4. Mercedes car runs faster than Honda bikes.
5. My brother is richer than me.
6. Mussoorie is cooler than Dehradun.
7. Water is the best drink.
8. Mother India is one of the best Indian movies.
9. Ashoka the Great was one of the best kings of all times.
10. Lead is the heaviest metal.
Answer:
1. I am as intelligent as she (is).
2. Kishan is not so smart as Ravi.
3. That poem is not so good as this one.
4. Honda bikes don’t run so fast as a Mercedes car.
5. I am not as rich as my brother.
6. Dehradun is not so cool as Mussoorie.
7. No other drink is so good as water.
8. Very few Indian movies are so good as Mother India.
9. Very few kings were so good as Ashoka the great in all times.
10. No other metal is so heavy as lead.
Exercise 24
Transform the following sentences, using superlative degree of comparison.
1. Kalidas is greater than any other poet in India.
2. He is more liberal than many people.
3. My city is cleaner than many other cities of Punjab.
4. Birds do not fly as fast as airplanes.
5. Simran is more intelligent than her friends.
6. No other hill station in India is so busy as Mussoorie in India.
7. No other flower is so good as rose.
8. No other season is so pleasant as spring.
9. Very few film-makers were as good as Raj Kapoor.
10. He is smarter than any other boy in our neighbourhood.
Answer:
1. Kalidas is the greatest poet in India.
2. He is one of the most liberal people.
3. My city is one of the cleanest cities of Punjab.
4. Airplanes fly the fastest.
5. Simran is the most intelligent girl among her friends.
6. Mussorie’ is the busiest hill station in India.
7. Rose is the best flower.
8. Spring is the most pleasant season.
9. Raj Kapoor was one of the best film-makers.
10. He is the smartest boy in our neighbourhood.
‘Do As Directed’ Type Exercises From Grammar Book (Fully Solved)
Exercise 1
Do as directed
1. The teacher is too weak to control the class. (remove ftoo)
2. Bullet trains run faster than mail trains. (Change the degree of comparison)
3. He hoped to pass the test. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. He was honoured for his honesty. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. He must run fast or he will not catch the train. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. Mumbai is the largest metro city of India. (Use positive degree of comparison)
7. Who doesn’t make mistakes ? (Change into an assertive sentence)
8. The case is too urgent to be postponed. (Removee too)
9. One more mistake and he will be fired. (Use If)
10. As soon as he lay on bed, the postman rang the doorbell. (Change into a negative sentence)
Answer:
1. The teacher is so weak that she cannot control the class.
2. Mail trains do not run so fast as the bullet trains.
3. He hoped that he would pass the test.
4. He was honest and so he was honoured.
5. He must run fast to catch the train.
6. No other metro city is so large in India as Mumbai.
7. Everyone makes mistakes.
8. The case is so urgent that it cannot be postponed.
9. If he makes one more mistake, he will be fired.
10. No sooner did he lie on bed than the postman rang the doorbell.
Exercise 2
Do as directed.
1. He is too composed to lose temper. (remove too)
2. She is not so intelligent her as sister is. (Change the degree of comparison)
3. He sold his lame horse.(Change into a complex sentence)
4. He asked for too much money as he was greedy. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. It was a possibility that was vague. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. Ram is the tallest boy. (Use positive degree of comparison)
7. A sailor and afraid of storm! (Change into an assertive sentence)
8. She is so old that she cannot walk. (Use ‘too)
9. You cannot win competition unless you work hard. (Use If)
10. Everyone will believe her word. (Change into a negative sentence)
Answer:
1. He is so composed that he cannot lose temper.
2. Her sister is more intelligent than her.
3. He sold his horse that was lame.
4. He was greedy, so he asked for too much money.
5. It was a vague possibility.
6. No other boy is as tall as Ram.
7. A sailor is so brave that he cannot be afraid of storm.
(or)
A sailor cannnot be afraid of a storm.
8. She is too old to walk.
9. If you don’t work hard, you can’t win the competition.
10. Nobody will disbelieve (doubt) her word.
Exercise 3
Do as directed.
1. She is too practical to understand real love. (remove ‘too)
2. As soon as he saw a lion, he began shuddering with fear. (Rewrite using ‘No sooner….than)
3. The child is playing with a broken doll. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. The sun having set, we returned home. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. He admitted that he was at fault. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. Very few kings were as great as Ashoka. (Change degree of comparison)
7. How fast Milkha ran! (Change into an assertive sentence)
8. She is so weak that she can’t even sit. (Use ‘too)
9. You will feel tired if you don’t take proper rest. (Use ‘unless)
10. She is a great artist. (Change into an exclamatory sentence)
Answer:
1. She is so practical that she cannot understand real love.
2. No sooner did he see a lion than he began shuddering with fear.
3. The child is playing with a doll that is broken.
4. The sun had set and we returned home.
5. He admitted his fault.
6. Ashoka was greater than many other kings.
7. Milkha ran very fast.
8. She is too weak even to sit.
9. Unless you take proper rest, you will feel tired.
10. What a great artist she is !
Exercise 4
Do as directed.
1. These fruits are too cheap to be good. (Remove ‘too)
2. As soon as I stepped out of my office, it started raining heavily. (Rewrite using “No sooner….than)
3. Everyone believes in my sincerity. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. Owing to his sickness, he could not play the match. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. She told me where she lived. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. The peacock is the most beautiful bird. (Change degree of comparison)
7. What a great shot ! (Change into an assertive sentence)
8. That man is too arrogant to be pleased. (Use ‘too)
9. You will fall sick if you don’t stop eating. (Use ‘unless)
10. This painting is a great piece of art. (Change into an exclamatory sentence)
Answer:
1. These fruits are so cheap that they cannot be good.
2. No sooner did I step out of my office than it started raining heavily.
3. Everyone believes that I am sincere.
4. He was sick and so he could not play the match.
5. She told me the place of her residence.
6. No other bird is so beautiful as the peacock.
7. It was a very good shot.
8. That man is so arrogant that he cannot be pleased.
9. Unless you stop eating, you will fall sick.
10. What a great piece of art this painting is !
Exercise 5
Do as directed.
1. This news is too good to be true. (Remove ‘too)
2. Hardly had he finished his work when his boss gave him another task. (Rewrite using ‘No sooner….than)
3. He is too proud to appreciate anyone else. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. Being lazy, he failed. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. The iron rod was so hot that he could not touch it.(Change into a simple sentence)
6. He is smarter than any other employee in his office. (Change degree of comparison)
7. Money cannot buy happiness. (Change into an interrogative sentence)
8. The water in the pool is so cold that one cannot swim in it. (Use ‘too)
9. He is poor. He is honest. (Use though)
10. Is there anything greater than the love for your motherland ? (Change into a negative sentence)
Answer:
1. This news is so good that it cannot be true.
2. No sooner did he finish his work than his boss gave him another task.
3. He is so proud that he cannot appreciate anyone else.
4. He was lazy, so he failed.
5. The iron rod was too hot for him to touch it.
6. He is the smartest employee in his office.
(or)
No other employee in his office is so smart as he is.
7. Can money buy happiness ?
8. The water in the pool is too cold for anyone to swim in it.
9. He is honest though he is poor.
10. Nothing is greater than the love for your motherland.
Exercise 6
Do as directed.
1. The tree was too tall for me to climb it. (Remove too)
2. As soon as the sun rose, the clouds disappeared. (Rewrite using ‘No sooner….than)
3. I saw the danger and moved on. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. With a great effort he passed the examination. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. If weather permits, they will play the match. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. Kapil was the best of all all-rounders in the world. (Change degree of comparison)
7. He never drinks milk. (Change into an interrogative sentence)
8. He is so slow that he cannot win the race. (Use too)
9. We cannot go for picnic unless it stops raining. (Rewrite using ‘if)
10. Ram was older than Sham. (Change into a negative sentence)
Answer:
1. The tree was so tall for me that I could not climb it.
2. No sooner did the sun rise than the clouds disappeared.
3. Even though I saw the danger, I moved on.
4. He put in a great effort and passed the examination.
5. Weather permitting, they will play the match.
6. No other all-rounder in the world was so good as Kapil.
(or)
Kapil was better than any other all-rounder in the world.
7. Does he ever drink milk ?
8. He is too slow to win the race.
9. If it does not stop raining, we cannot go for picnic.
10. Sham was not so old as Ram.
Exercise 7
Do as directed.
1. The iron is too hot for me to touch. (Remove ‘too)
2. As soon as the moon rose, the stars disappeared.(Rewrite using No sooner….than)
3. He tried hard but he failed. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. He is learned but he is not courteous. (Change into a complex sentence)
5. He failed though he worked hard. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. Hari is as tall as Shyam. (Change degree of comparison)
7. The police will take steps to control the situation. (Change into interrogative sentence)
8. He is so stupid that he cannot handle such a situation. (Use ‘too)
9. Can money buy health ? (Change into an assertive sentence)
10. He played a great shot. (Change into an exclamatory sentence)
Answer:
1. The iron is so hot for me that I cannot touch it.
2. No sooner did the moon rise than the
stars disappeared. 3. Though he tried hard, he failed.
4. Though he is learned, he is not courteous.
5. He failed in spite of working hard.
6. Shyam is not taller than Hari.
7. Won’t the police take steps to control the situation ?
8. He is too stupid to handle such a situation.
9. Money cannot buy health.
10. What a great shot he played !
Exercise 8
Do as directed.
1. He is too slow to learn. (Remove too)
2. As soon as he saw the tiger, he took to heels. (Rewrite using No sooner….than)
3. This is Gandhiji’s birthplace. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. When the day dawned, we got up. . (Change into a compound sentence)
5. The boy was so weak that he could not stand properly. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. Akshay is the best comedy actor. (Change degree of comparison)
7. Walk fast. You may miss the train. (Combine these sentences)
8. This news is so good that it cannot be true. (Use ‘too)
9. She confessed her fault. (Change into a complex sentence)
10. There is a doctor in the stadium. (Change into an interrogative sentence)
Answer:
1. He is so slow that he cannot learn.
2. No sooner did he see the tiger than he took to heels.
3. This is the place where Gandhiji was born.
4. The day dawned and we got up.
5. The boy was too weak to stand properly.
6. No other comedy actor is so good as Akshay.
(or)
Akshay is better than any other comedy actor.
7. Walk fast or you may miss the train.
(or)
If you don’t walk fast, you may miss the train.
8. This news is too good to be true.
9. She confessed that she was at fault.
10. Isn’t there a doctor in the stadium ?
Exercise 9
Do as directed.
1. He was too late to attend the meeting. (Remove ‘too)
2. As soon as his examination started, he started writing the answers. (Rewrite using No sooner….than)
3. Obey your parents or you will come to grief. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. He punished his servant because he behaved rudely. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. This tree is so high that none can climb it. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. Love is greater than any other thing in the world. (Change degree of comparison into superlative degree)
7. If you read, you will learn. (Remove if)
8. He is so arrogant that no one can like him. (Use ‘too)
9. None but sincere people can achieve success. (Change into affirmative)
10. Only Rekha has done justice to her role. (Replace ‘Only’ by ‘none)
Answer:
1. He was so late that he could not attend the meeting.
2. No sooner did his examination start than he started writing the answers.
3. If you don’t obey your parents, you will come to grief.
4. His servant behaved rudely so he punished him.
5. This tree is too high for anyone to climb it.
6. Love is the greatest thing in the world.
7. You read and you will learn.
(or)
Unless you read, you will not learn.
8. He is too arrogant for anyone to like him.
9. Only sincere people can achieve success.
10. None but Rekha has done justice to her role.
Exercise 10
Do as directed.
1. She is too strong for her opponents. (Remove ‘too)
2. No sooner did I hear of his success than I congratulated him. (Remove No sooner….than)
3. I have no time to waste. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. The play being over, the audience left the hall. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. As soon as I arrived, I sent for her. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. This city has more parks than playgrounds. (Change degree of comparison)
7. Unless you write the correct answer, you will not get full marks.(Remove ‘Unless)
8. Tea is sweeter than it should be. (Use too)
9. He is insincere. (Change into negative)
10. Only the polar star remained in sight. (Replace ‘Only’ by ‘all)
Answer:
1. She is so strong that her opponents cannot compete with her.
2. As soon as I heard of his success, I congratulated him.
3. I have no time which I can waste.
4. The play was over and the audience left the hall.
5. Soon after my arrival, I sent for her.
6. This city does not have so many playgrounds as parks.
7. If you don’t write the correct answer, you will not get full marks.
8. Tea is too sweet for it to be good.
9. He is not sincere.
10. All the stars, except the polar star, were not in sight.
Exercise 11
Do as directed.
1. She is too proud to listen. (Remove ‘too)
2. No sooner did he start his bike than the petrol finished in the fuel tank. (Remove “No sooner….than)
3. A hard-working person succeeds in life. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. He fell asleep on account of being tired. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. He is sure that he will succeed. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. Our shopkeeper sells at a cheaper rate than any other shopkeeper in the area. (Change degree of comparison)
7. If you do not water the plants, they will not bloom. (Remove If )
8. It is never so late that one cannot tell the truth. (Use ‘too)
9. She is trying many dresses. (Change into negative)
10. She came here ten years ago. (Replace ‘ago’ by ‘since)
Answer:
1. She is so proud that she won’t listen.
2. As soon as he started his bike, the petrol finished in the fuel tank.
3. A person who is hard-working succeeds in life.
4. He was tired and so fell asleep.
5. He is sure of his success.
6. No other shopkeeper in the area sells at so cheap rate as our shopkeeper.
7. In the event of not being watered, the plants will not bloom.
(or)
Unless you water the plants, they will not bloom.
8. It is never too late for anyone to tell the truth.
9. She is not trying just a few dresses.
10. It is ten years since she came here.
Exercise 12
Do as directed.
1. The news is too good to be true. (Remove ‘too)
2. As soon as the referee blew the whistle, the athletes started running. (Use “No sooner….than)
3. The child was pleased at having the toy. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. Both the parties were happy with the solution that they arrived at. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. Men who work hard rise in life. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. He is not cleverer than his brother. (Change degree of comparison)
7. If you study, you will pass. (Remove ‘if)
8. Very few countries are as great as India. (Change into superlative degree of adjective)
9. Sometimes Kamal acts foolishly. (Change into negative)
10. Ten years have passed since we met. (Use ‘ago)
Answer:
1. This news is so good that it can’t be true.
2. No sooner did the referee blow the whistle than the athletes started running.
3. The child was pleased when it got the toy.
4. Both the parties arrived at a solution and they were happy about it.
5. Hard-working men rise in life.
6. His brother is as clever as he is.
7. Unless you study, you won’t pass.
8. India is one of the greatest countries.
9. Sometimes Kamal does not act wisely.
10. We met ten years ago.
Exercise 13
Do as directed.
1. She was too busy to go to cinema. (Remove ‘too)
2. No sooner did I learn of his illness than I took him to the doctor. (Rewrite using ‘as soon as)
3. He is poor but he is honest. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. He was not only punished, but also fined. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. It was a trick that was difficult to understand. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. Kolkata is the most populated city of India. (Change degree of comparison)
7. Speak the truth and you don’t have to be afraid. (Use if )
8. Who does not want peace ? (Change into assertive)
9. She did not forgive me. (Change into positive)
10. Everyone admires the brave. (Change into interrogative)
Answer:
1. She was so busy that she could not go to the cinema.
2. As soon as I learnt of his illness, I took him to the doctor.
3. He is honest although he is poor.
4. He was punished and also he was fined.
5. The trick was too difficult to understand.
6. No other city of India is so populated as Kolkata.
(or)
Kolkata is more populated than any other city of India.
7. If you speak the truth, you don’t have to be afraid.
8. Everybody wants peace.
9. She refused to forgive me.
10. Who does not admire the brave?
Exercise 14
Do as directed.
1. The soldiers are too disciplined to violate rules. (Remove ‘too)
2. If a woman is educated, her whole family is benefitted. (Rewrite using ‘Unless)
3. I love India, my motherland. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. He has all the virtues of a great man except straightforwardness. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. I was very tired after the day’s work and I sat down to take some rest. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. A wise foe is better than foolish friend. (Change degree of comparison)
7. We share our room and books. (Use not only…..but also)
8. Does the moon not revolve around the earth ? (Change into assertive)
9. You are not without wisdom. (Change into positive)
10. He drives very fast. (Change into interrogative)
Answer:
1. The soldiers are so disciplined that they don’t violate rules.
2. Unless a woman is educated, her whole family won’t be benefitted.
3. I love India which is my motherland.
4. He has all the virtues of a great man, but he is not a straightforward man.
5. Being very tired after the day’s work, I sat down to take some rest.
6. A foolish friend is not so good as a wise foe.
7. We share not only our room, but also our books.
8. The moon revolves around the earth.
9. You are wise.
(or)
You possess wisdom.
10. Doesn’t he drive very fast ?
Exercise 15
Do as directed.
1. It is too foggy outside to see anything. (Remove ‘too)
2. He left for USA two years ago. (Rewrite using Since)
3. Please write your address. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. She could not run fast as she was fat. (Change into a compound sentence)
5. Though he ran fast, he could not catch me. (Change into a simple sentence)
6. Swimming is the best exercise. (Change degree of comparison)
7. Seeta and Geeta are beautiful. (Use not only….. but also)
8. Does anyone like cheats ? (Change into assertive)
9. This sum is not difficult. (Change into positive)
10. That is not the way a lady should behave. (Change into interrogative)
Answer:
1. It is so foggy outside that it is not possible to see anything.
2. It is two years since he left for USA.
3. Please write where you live.
4. She was fat, so she could not run.
5. He could not catch me in spite of running fast.
6. No other exercise is so good as swimming.
(or)
Swimming is better than any other exercise.
7. Not only Seeta, but Geeta is also beautiful.
8. Nobody likes cheats.
9. This sum is easy.
10. Is this the way a lady should behave ?
Exercise 16
Do as directed.
1. He is too smart to lose his focus. (Remove ‘too)
2. Walk fast. You might miss the bus. (Rewrite using ‘lest….should)
3. He is a hard-working person. (Change into a complex sentence)
4. Hurry up or you will be late for school. (Change into a complex sentence)
5. Since India is my motherland, I love her. (Change into simple sentence)
6. He is as wise as his brother (Change degree of comparison)
7. He is a painter and a poet. (Use not only…..but also)
8. How shameful ! (Change into assertive)
9. He is very talented. (Use too)
10. You cannot please everyone. (Change into interrogative)
Answer:
1. He is so smart that he can’t lose his focus.
2. Walk fast lest you should miss the bus.
3. He is a person who works hard.
4. You will be late if you don’t hurry up.
5. India being my motherland, I love her.
6. His brother is not wiser than him.
7. He is not only a painter but also a poet.
8. It is very shameful of him.
9. He is too talented.
10. Can you please everyone ?