This PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 11 Banda Singh Bahadur will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 11 Banda Singh Bahadur
Early Career:
- Banda Singh Bahadur was born on 27th October 1670 A.D.
- His childhood name was Lachhman Dev.
- He belonged to a very poor family.
- Moved by the incident of the killing of the she-deer who was pregnant he decided to renounce the world.
- He changed his name to Madho Das.
- He took the knowledge of occultism from Aughar tyath and settled in Nanded.
- In 1708 A.D. Madho Das had a chance to meet Guru Gobind Singh Ji.
- Guru Gobind Singh Ji baptized him according to Sikh traditions and renamed him Banda Singh Bahadur.
Military Exploits of Banda Singh Bahadur:
- After becoming Sikh, Banda Singh Bahadur decided to go to Punjab to avenge the Mughal atrocities committed against Guru Gobind Singh Ji.
- As a result of the JjJukamnamas issued by Guru Sahib, thousands of Sikhs gathered under his flag.
- Banda Singh Bahadur started his victory spree from Sonepat in 1709 A.D.
- The second victory of Banda Singh Bahadur was over Samana.
- After Samana, he conquered Ghuram, Mustafabad, Kapuri, Sadhaura, and Ropar.
- The most important victory of Banda Singh Bahadur was over Sirhind on 22nd May 1710 A.D.
- Banda Singh Bahadur defeated Wazir Khan, the Faujdar of Sirhind.
- Banda Singh Bahadur made Lohgarh his capital in 1713 A.D.
- Farrukh Siyar, the new Mughal Emperor commanded Abdus Samad Khan, the Subedar of Lahore to crush the power of
- Sikhs and capture Banda Singh Bahadur.
- After a long siege, Banda Singh Bahadur had to surrender on December, 17,1715 A.D. at Gurdas Nangal.
- Banda Singh Bahadur was brutally executed on June 9, 1716 A.D.
Causes of Banda Singh Bahadur’s Early success:
- There was a great discontentment against the Mughals for their unbearable atrocities over the Sikhs.
- As a consequence of Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s Hukamnamas, the Sikhs gave complete support to Banda Singh Bahadur.
- The successors of Aurangzeb were weak.
- The initial military exploits of Banda Singh Bahadur were against petty local Mughal officials.
- Banda Singh Bahadur was an intrepid and efficient military commander.
- The Sikhs fought with great religious fervour.
Causes of Banda Singh Bahadur’s Ultimate Failure:
- The Mughal empire was very powerful and had unlimited resources.
- There was a lack of organisation among the Sikhs.
- Banda Singh Bahadur began to violate instructions given to him by Guru Gobind Singh Ji.
- He tried to bring about changes in Sikhism.
- The Hindu Chiefs and landlords started opposing him.
- There was a surprise attack on the Sikhs by the Mughals at Gurdas Nangal.
- Differences between Banda Singh Bahadur and Binod Singh weakened the position of Banda Singh Bahadur.
- Hence Banda Singh Bahadur had to face defeat in the end.
Estimate of Banda Singh Bahadur’s Character:
- Banda Singh Bahadur was very brave and courageous.
- His personality was very impressive.
- Banda Singh Bahadur was a great warrior and a General of a high order.
- He had set up an efficient administration in the areas conquered by him.
- He was a great organiser.
- Banda Singh Bahadur occupies an important place in the history of Punjab.