PSEB 12th Class Physical Education Practical Hockey
Hockey Game History
Historical records show that the roots of the game originated in Europe. It is evident that a form of game was played with stick and ball during that era. But, the beginning of the modem field hockey emerged in 18th century in England, The first set of rules were presented by First Hockey Association in 1876. The game was included in London Olympic Games in the year 1908. In India the game was highly popularized by the British Empire rule in the late 19th century. The first Hockey Club in India was formed in Kolkata (Calcutta) in the year 1885. The India Hockey Federation was established in the year 1925. In 1924 (FIH) International Hockey Federation was formed. India could take part in 1928 Amsterdam Olympic Games.
Hockey Game Imporant Points
- Length of Hockey field:91.40 m
- Width of Hockey field:55.0 m
- Team Members:18 (including two Goal keeper)
- Duration of Game:15-2-15 (10) 15-2-15
- Dimensions of Goal post:
- Height = 2.14 m (7 feet)
- Width = 3.66 m (12 feet)
- Depth = 1.20 m (4 feet)
- Height of backboard = 460 mm
- Weight of Ball:156 gm to 163 gm
- Weight of Hockey Stick:737 gm maximum
- Circumference of Ball:224 to 235 mm
- Card:Green-2 minutes suspension,Yellow-5 to 10 minutes suspension, Red-permanent suspension
- Circumference of Shooting Circle ‘D’:14.63 m (16 yards)
- No. of Officials:04 (Two field Umpires, one Record keeper, one Time keeper)
- Distance of Penalty Spot (from goal post):6.40 m
Dimensions of Playfield & Equipment:
1. Play Field:
(Rectangular in shape) The hockey field now-a-days is marked on the playing surface of astro turf with the length of 299 feet, 10 inches (91.4 in) and width of 180 feet 5 inches i.e. 55.0 m.
The (22.9 m) 25 yards line is marked across the field both side parallel to the back line of the goal post.
2. Goal Post:
The height of the goal post in the field hockey is 2.14 m (7 feet) and width is 3.66 m (12 feet). The depth of the goal post is 1.20 m (4 feet) as per FIH rules.
3. Striking Circle D:
The striking circle (two quarters) is marked measuring 3.66 m from ‘D’ to having a radius of 14.63 m inside the field. These quarters are joined with a straight line.
4. Penalty Spot: This point is marked at a distance of 6,475 m from the base line,
5. Hockey Stick: The stick is made up of wood, carbon, fibre, fibre glass or combination of these fibres. The weight of the- stick must not exceed 737 gm.
6. Ball:
The game is played with the plastic ball, white in colour. The weight of the ball must not exceed 5.5 to 5.7 ounces or 156 – 163 gm. The circumference of ball must range from 224 to 235 mm.
7. Goal Keeping Kit:
A goal keeper wears a different colour shirt and full protective equipment including head gear, leg guards and kickers etc.
Hockey Game Rules And Regulations
- Players shall hit the ball with the face of the stick i.e. flat side of the stick.
- No player other than goal keeper can touch the ball with foot, hand or any other body part while ball in play. However, deliberately lying over the ball is not permitted in any case.
- Only two players from the opposing team can tackle for the ball, no interference by the third party or player is permitted.
- When the ball crosses the sidelines, then sideline hit shall be awarded to the player of opposite team.
- While taking free hit, everyone must be 5 metres away from the ball.
- The player with the ball in possession may not be allowed to use his body to push a defender deliberately out of his way.
- It is not permitted to hit the ball above the knee level. But in some skills like scoop and flick it is considerable, where it is not dangerous to other players. However, the velocity of the ball is not defined anywhere in the rules.
Hockey Game Important Terminologies
1. Free Hit:
It is given when a foul has occured outside the scoring circle. In this condition the defender must be 5 m away from the player.
2. Penalty Corner:
The penalty comer is awarded to the attacking team if a defensive player commits foul inside the striking circle or within 25 yards of the goal area. While taking penalty comer only five defensive players including the goal keeper stands behind the backline of goal post.
3. Penalty Stroke:
When a defensive player commits a foul inside the circle to prevent a goal or if a player takes early run during penalty corner from the backline, the penalty stroke is given to the opposite team.
4. Flick:
Its a kind of shot above the recommended heights, but its not dangerous in terms of injury’ to an opponent e.g. drag flick during shot at goal.
5. Sudden Death:
If a tie persists after the completion of extra time the tie will be ended only if one team has scored a goal, during penalty stroke till the tie is over. This is termed as sudden death.
6. Scoop: This technique is used as an overhead pass to defeat defenders on the field.
7. Attackers: The players having ball in their possession are termed as attackers.
8. Defenders: The players without the ball are called defenders.
9. Substitution:
The players may be substituted unlimited number of times. It is termed as rolling substitution, except in two situations i.e. award and end of a penalty comer.
Basic Skills:
1. Hitting:
For hitting the ball a player holds the stick with both hands and takes a back swing at recommended level to strike the ball with the flat surface of the stick.
2. Dribbling:
This is the best way to move forward in order to make an attack into opposition’s field. It is used to beat the defenders at the same time passing the ball to the other teammates. It needs lots of control over the ball while moving the stick by using the top hand grip.
3. Dodging:
This skill is used to leave the defender side of the ball. It is the least expected move by the attacker, to leave the defender far behind the ball.
4. Stopping Ball:
In this a player takes the control of the ball with the help of lace or blade of the stick. During penalty comer stopping the ball needs a skillful tactics, in which players sometimes needs to flatten the stick on the ground to completely stop the ball.
5. Goal Keeping:
A goal keeper inside the circle is allowed to stop or deflect the ball with the use of stick, feet, leg guards or any other body part. It must not be in a dangerous manner to other players. However, lying on the ball is not permitted in any case.
6. Reverse Shot:
For the reverse flick hold the stick with both hands at the top. The hook of the stick should be turned in clockwise direction with flat side facing upward.
7. Pushing the Ball:
The push pass or pushing the ball is the basic skill in hockey. This pass is mainly used for passing the bail for short distance. It does not involve any sound while hitting the ball. During push pass one hand grip should be in the middle of the stick.
Hockey Game Important Tournaments
International Level:
1. The FIH (International Hockey Federation) is responsible for organizing Olympic Games, World Cup, World League, Champions Trophy, Junior World Cup, Asia Cup.
National Level:
2. Federation Cup, Indira Gandhi Gold Cup, Junior Nehru Hockey Trophy, Abaidullah Gold Cup, Agha Khan Cup, Bombay Gold Cup.
Arjuna Award Winners
- Prithipal Singh, Ann Lumsden-1961
- Charanjit Singh-1963
- S. Laxman-1964
- Udham Singh. E. Britoo-1965
- VJ. Peter, Sunita Puri, Gurbaksh Singh-1966
- Harbinder Singh, Mohinder Lai-1967
- Balbir Singh Kullar-1968
- Ajit Pal Singh-1970
- P. Krishnamurthy-1971
- Michael Kindo-1972
- M.P. Ganesh, O. Mascarenhas-1973
- Ashok Kumar, A. Kaur-1974
- B.P. Govinda, R. Saini 1975
- Capt. Harcharan Singh, L.L. Fernandes-1977-78
- Vasudevan Baskaran, R.B. Mundphan-1979-80
- Mohammed Shahid, Eliza Nelson-1980-81
- Versha Soni-1981
- Zafar Iqbal-1983
- Rajbir Kaur-1984
- S. Mancy-1984-85
- Prem Maya Senior, M.M. Somaya-1985
- J.M. Carvalho-1986
- M.P. Singh-1988
- Pargat Singh-1989
- Jagbir Singh-1990
- Mervyn Fernandes-1992
- Jude Felix Sabastain-1994
- Dhanraj Pile-1995
- Mukesh Kumar-1995
- A.B. Subbaiah, Ashish Kumar Balal-1996
- Harmik Singh, Surinder Singh Sodhi, Rajinder Singh-1997
S. Surjit Singh, Pritam Rani Siwach, B.S. Dhillon, S. Omana Kumari,
Lt, Col. Mohd. Ryaz. Baldev Singh, Maharaj Krishna Kaushik,
Haripal Kaushal, Ramandeep Singh, V.J. Phillips-1998 - Balbir Singh Kuliar-1999
- Baljit Singh Saini, Tingonleima Chanu, Group Capt., R.S. Bhola,
Balkishan Singh, Jalaluddin Rizvi, Madhu Yadav-2000 - Dilip Tirkey, Gagan Ajit Singh, Mamta Kharab-2002
- Devesh Chauhan, Suraj Lata Devi-2003
- Deepak Thakur, Innocent Helen Mary-2004
- Viren Rasquinha-2005
- Jyoti Sunita Kullu-2006
- Prabhjot Singh-2008
- Surinder Kaur, Ignace Tirkey-2009
- Sandeep Singh, Jasjeet Kaur-2011
- Sardar Singh-2012
- Sava Anjum Kreen-2013
- Sarijesh Ravindran-2015
Dronacharya Award Winners
- Gudial Singh Bhangu-2000
- M.K. Kaushik-2002
- Rajinder Singh-2003
- Baldev Singh-2009
- Harender Singh (2012). Narender Singh Saini-2013
Hockey Game Important Questions
Question 1.
What is the length of hockey play ground?
Answer:
The length of hockey playground is 91.40 rat (100 yards).
Question 2.
What is the circumference of the ball?
Answer:
The circumference of the ball is 224-235 mm.
Question 3.
What is the duration of hockey match?
Answer:
There are four quarters of 15 minutes each with an interval of 10 minutes.
Question 4.
How many officials are required for hockey match?
Answer:
A total number of four officials are required for hockey match.
Question 5.
How many players are required in a hockey team?
Answer:
A total number of of 18 players including two goal keepers are required in a team are required in a team.
Question 6.
What is the width of goal post?
Answer:
The width of goal post is 3.66 m.
Question 7.
What is dodging in hockey?
Answer:
This skill is required to leave the defender side of the ball. It is the least expected move hv the attacker to leave the defender far behind the bail
Question 8.
What should he the maximum weight of hockey stick?
Answer:
Not more than 737 gm.
Question 9.
What is the weight of hockey bail?
Answer:
156-163 gm.
Question 10.
What is a scoop in hockey?
Answer:
This technique is used as an overhead pass to defeat defenders on the field.
Question 11.
W hat is the height of backboard in the goal post?
Answer:
The height of backboard in the goal post in 460 mm
Punjab State Board PSEB 12th Class Physical Education Book Solutions 12th Class Physical Education Practical Hockey Important Notes, Questions and Answers.