Punjab State Board PSEB 12th Class Sociology Important Questions Chapter 10 Social Problems: Alcoholism and Drug Addiction Important Questions and Answers.
PSEB 12th Class Sociology Important Questions Chapter 10 Social Problems: Alcoholism and Drug Addiction
Multiple Choice Questions:
1. Which of these is the situation of social problem?
(а) Most of the people are affected by this
(b) This is an undesirable condition
(c) There is conflict in social values
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these
2. Which of these is the economic factor of social problem?
(a) Unemployment
(b) Poverty
(c) Slums
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these
3. What do we call the person who consumes alcohol once or twice in a year?
(a) Rare user
(b) Infrequent user
(c) Light drinker
(d) Moderate drinker
Answer:
(a) Rare user
4. What do we call the persons who start consuming alcohol right from the morning?
(a) Moderate drinkers
(b) Heavy drinkers
(c) Infrequent drinkers
(d) Light drinkers
Answer:
(b) Heavy drinkers
5. Which of these is a type of drug?
(a) opium
(b) cocain
(c) charas
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these
Fill in the Blanks:
1. The situation of ……………… is undesirable in society.
Answer:
Social problem
2. ……………….. is a type of drug which is drunk.
Answer:
Alcohol
3. Opium, Heroins, cocain come under the category of ……………….
Answer:
narcotics
4. ………………… and ……………….. can play a way important role in keeping children away from drugs.
Answer:
School, teacher
5. Consuming …………………. is having a bad effect on one’s health.
Answer:
drug
True/False:
1. Social problems affect most of the members of society.
Answer:
True
2. Heroin is a type of Narcotics.
Answer:
True
3. Drug addict always wants to consume drugs.
Answer:
True
4. The Union Government passed The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act in 1955 A.D.
Answer:
False
5. There is no value conflict in social problems.
Answer:
False
One Word/One Line Questions Answers:
Question 1.
What is social problem?
Answer:
Social problem is that undesirable situation which everybody wants to change.
Question 2.
On what social problem depends?
Answer:
Social problem depends upon the values of society.
Question 3.
How many members of society get affected by social problems?
Answer:
Most of the members of society get affected by social problems.
Question 4.
Give socio-cultural factors of social problems.
Answer:
Untouchability, female foeticide, dowry, domestic violence, violence against women etc.
Question 5.
Give economic factors of social problems.
Answer:
Poverty, unemployment, slums, illiteracy, crime etc.
Question 6.
What is alcoholism?
Answer:
When any one starts consuming alcohol on frequent basis, it is called alcoholism.
Question 7.
Who is a rare user?
Answer:
One who consumes liquor once or twice in one year, he is called rare user.
Question 8.
Who is an infrequent user?
Answer:
One who consumes alcohol once in two-three months is an infrequent user.
Question 9.
Who is a light drinker?
Answer:
Light drinker is that who consumes alcohol once or twice in one mouth.
Question 10.
Who is a moderate drinker?
Answer:
Moderate drinkers is the one who consumes alcohol three-four time in one month.
Question 11.
Who is a heavy drinker?
Answer:
One who consumes alcohol on daily basis is a heavy drinker.
Question 12.
How much of the Indian population consumes alcohol atleast once during its lifetime?
Answer:
Around 42% of the total population.
Question 13.
Give one cause of alcoholism.
Answer:
People consume alcohol to ignore their tensions and problems.
Question 14.
Give one effect of alcoholism.
Answer:
It leatds to was tage of money and Loss of health.
Question 15.
What is a drug?
Answer:
Drug is a chemical which physiologically and psychologically affects our abillity to do work.
Question 16.
Give names of any four narcotics.
Answer:
Opium, cocain, Heroin, Marijuana, charas etc.
Question 17.
When was the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act passed?
Answer:
This law was passed in 1985 A.D.
Very Short Answer Type Questions:
Question 1.
Give two features of social problems.
Answer:
- Social problems are such unwanted circumstances with which most of the members of society are directly or indirectly affected.
- About social problems, most of the members of society believe that their solution is must.
Question 2.
Give socio-cultural factors of social problems.
Answer:
In India, people of many religions, castes and lingual groups live with each other. That’s why many socio cultural problems occur over here such as untouchability, female foeticide, dowry, domestic violence, violence against women etc.
Question 3.
Give three reasons of alcoholism.
Or
Two causes of alcoholism.
Answer:
- People consume alcohol to remove their tensions.
- People get tired with their occupation and that’s “why they consume alcohol.
- Many persons like to sit with their friends and they force him to consume alcohol.
Question 4.
Give three reasons of drug addiction.
Answer:
- Many a times, peer group forces an individual to consume drug.
- Sometimes, an individual feels alienated and to remove alienation, he starts to use drugs.
- Many people are unable to face the situations in life and that’s why they start to use drugs.
Short Answer Type Questions:
Question 1.
Alcoholism.
Answer:
Alcoholism is a state in which the person is unable to keep control on his quantity of taking alcohol which he cannot stop after starts to using it. Alcohol cannot be called as stimulant but it acts as a inhibitor on our nervous system. When person starts to use it, he feels himself free from all the tensions and he slowly slowly starts to use too much quantity of it. Alcoholism not only reduces his work efficiency but it destroys his family as well.
Question 2.
Alcoholic Person.
Answer:
Alcoholic person is that person who uses alcohol or drinks alcohol. Person, who is a compulsive drinker, cannot live without drinking alcohol. In this way the person who cannot live without drinking alcohol is known as alcoholic person. He is unable to keep control on himself. He drinks daily and goes to such extent that he cannot do any work without alcohol. His body starts to shiver in its absence.
Question 3.
Types of Alcoholic Persons.
Answer:
- Rare alcoholic: Who drinks once or twice in a year.
- Infrequent alcoholic: Who drinks once in two or three months or drinks only in any marriage or party.
- Lighter user alcoholic: Who drinks once or twice in a month to enjoy his holiday.
- Moderate user alcoholic: Who drinks thrice or four times in month to enjoy his holiday.
- Heavy user alcoholic: Who drinks alcohol many times in a day or who drinks daily.
Question 4.
Occupation-cause of Alcoholism.
Answer:
In many cases, occupation becomes a cause of alcoholism. Occupation of many persons is such that they become very much tired and they need something to do work again. It not only removes their tiredness but it also motivates them to work again the next day. In the same way many persons start to use alcohol to please other persons related occupations. For example, many times any worker has to drink with his owner or boss to please him and becomes an addict of it. In this way person has to drink alcohol due to his occupation and he becomes an addict of it.
Question 5.
Mental tension – Cause of Alcoholism.
Answer:
Every person is the victim of one or another mental tension. If some one does’t have money, so he is in tension to run his house. Some have money but are tensed for its safety, tension of business, tension of office, tension due to poverty, anyone is tense due to his owner, boss or wife, any one has fear of loss in business and someone is tensed due to competition. In this way every person is the victim of one or another type of tension. If he drinks alcohol then is nervous system relaxes for some time and for some time he becomes free from every type of mental tension.
Question 6.
Poverty-Cause of Alcoholism.
Answer:
A poor person is always in tension to earn money, His family members are more in number but he is the sole earner of the family. That’s why expenditure of the family is more but income is very less. Person always remains in tension of giving food, cloth and education to his children. That’s why he takes the help of the alcohol to remove his tension. He gets relief from his mental tensions for some time after using alcohol. In this way he starts to drink more quantity of alcohol and becomes an alcoholic.
Question 7.
Drug Addiction.
Answer:
When a person uses any subtance with which his body becomes dependent upon that substance or drug then it is known as drug addiction. Drug is that substance which directly affects the brain and nervous system of the person. In this way when a person becomes so dependent upon that drug that he cannot live without drug then it is known as drug addiction.
Question 8.
Drug Abuse.
Answer:
When a person starts using any illegal drug or misuses any legal drug then it is known as drug abuse. It damages person mentally as well as physically. Use of L.S.D. and Cocain, use of Heroin, Smoking of Hashish and Ganja, Alcoholism etc. all are included in this. Person enjoys fully in it. He goes on the trip of enjoyment. He could be able to do any work after its use unless he could not be able to do any thing.
Question 9.
Drug dependency.
Answer:
When person starts to use daily any drug legally or illegally and he cannot live without it then it is known as drug dependency. Dependency can be physical as well as mental. When a person uses any drug again and again grasps drug in itself then it is known as physical dependence. But when his body aches and he feels physical problems due to non use of that drug then it is a physical loss as well as mental loss.
Question 10.
Characteristics of Drug Addiction.
Answer:
- Sudden wish occurs in the person to get drug in drug addiction.
- In drug addiction he wants to get drug in any way unless his body stops working.
- In drug addiction, there is a tendency to increase the dose slowly and slowly.
- Person becomes physically and mentally dependent upon drugs in drug addiction.
Question 11.
Types of Drugs.
Answer:
- Liquor or Alcohol
- Sedatives
- Narcotics
- Stimulants
- Hallucinogens
- Nicotine
Question 12.
Psychological Causes of Drug Abuse.
Answer:
- When any person wants to reduce his tensions then he starts to use drug.
- There is a wish in some person that how it feels when we take drug and that’s why they start to use drugs.
- Unemployed persons want to pass their time and that’s why they start to use drugs.
- Many persons use drugs to increase their self-confidence.
Question 13.
Social Causes of Drug Abuse.
Answer:
- Many times friends of any person force him to use drugs because of which he starts to use drugs.
- Conflicts of the family also force the person to use drugs so that he could not come in mental tension.
- Many times a wish occurs in the person while observing that his elders are using any drug and that’s why he starts to use drug.
Question 14.
Ways to control Drug addiction.
Answer:
- People should be motivated not to use drugs so that they could be motivated to do so.
- Doctors should also restrict themselves from not giving those drugs to their patients with which they could become addicted.
- People should be told about the losses of drugs so that the people should keep themselves away from the drugs.
- Parents should behave friendly with their children and they should be told about the evil consequences of drug abuse so that they could be a way of these drugs.
Long Answer Type Questions:
Question 1.
What is Alcoholism? Give its types.
Answer:
Alcoholism is a condition in which a person is unable to control his quantity of drinking alcohol with which he cannot stop it once he starts drinking alcohol. In this way, an alcoholic person is a person who uses whisky, drinks whisky, and is a compulsive person who cannot live without drinkings. In this way, a person who cannot live without drinking alcohol is known as an alcoholic person. Generally, we can come to know about features of alcoholism through four factors, and these four factors are:
- Too much use of alcohol.
- The tension of alcoholic person on his too much use of alcohol.
- No control of alcoholic person on his too much use of alcohol.
- Occurrence of disturbance in social, psychological, and worldly functions.
In this way Don Kehlan has explained five types of alcoholic persons on the basis of quantity and frequency of drinking and these five types are given below:
- Rare alcoholic: Rare alcoholic persons are those persons who drink alcohol once or twice a year and even drink for the sake of fun.
- Infrequent alcoholic. An infrequent alcoholic person is a person who drinks alcohol once or twice in two or three months or at the time of any marriage or function.
- Light user alcoholic. Light user alcoholic is that person who drinks once or twice in one month. He sometimes drinks in the company of his friends.
- Moderate user alcoholic. Moderate user alcoholic is that person who drinks thrice or four times in a month or wants to enjoy his holiday (Sunday).
- Heavy user alcoholic. Heavy user alcoholic person is that who drinks alcohol daily or many times in a day. They are also known as Hardcore alcoholic persons.
Question 2.
How Alcoholism can be prevented? Explain it.
Or
How can we cure the problem of alcohol?
Answer:
Alcoholism is that problem which has been faced by our country since a long time. Not only person himself but his family and society also disintegrates with this. His morality comes to an end, he starts to commit crimes, and his health also deteriorates. In this way it has very much evil consequences on person. We should jointly solve this problem so that the society could he prevented from disorganization. Government and social service institutions can play a very important role in it. This problem can be prevented in many ways.
1. First of person should motivate himself to not to start drink of alcohol. If he will not start using it then how he will become addict of it. Family can play a very important role in it. Elders of the family can motivate their children by not using alcohol. Elders can tell them about the evil consequences of alcoholism. They can educate them from time to time so that they could move on the right path.
2. Government can play a very important role in it. Government can announce the policy of restriction on alcohol and can impose this policy in the state. It should take strict action against the makers and sellers of the liquor so that people should keep themselves away from it. Government should also discourage drinkers not to use alcohol.
3. If a doctor is taking care of an alcoholic person then he always has hatreds against the alcoholic person. It is a shocking thing for that person. Doctors should change their attitude so that the alcoholic person should leave use of alcohol from his heart. Doctors should keep a sympathetic attitude towards alcoholic persons.
4. Restriction on alcoholism and alcohol should not be propagated among the people. Government, social service institutions and people can take the help of T.V., radio, newspapers, magazines, etc., and can propagate against its evil consequences. Educational institutions can also play a very big part in it and can motivate the students to get an education in their institutions. They can organize Seminars against it so that people should keep themselves away from this problem.
5. Generally whisky has been taken as a means of recreation. But if it will be banned then the means of recreation for the people will come to an end. That’s why government and non-governmental institutions can establish recreational centres so that the people can enjoy these places instead of using alcohol.
6. People should also be motivated by this problem. This problem is very big and cannot be solved in one or two days. For that people are necessary to be motivated. The illiterate people of our country are hardly aware of the evil consequences of this problem. People should also be educated regarding this and should be educated to live a better life. If people would be educated properly then this problem could also be solved very quickly.
7. Government should make strict laws to restrict alcoholism so that the drinkers and sellers of alcohol could be strictly punished. For this special courts could be constituted so that the lawbreakers could be punished very quickly.
8. Not only externally but the mentality of the people should also be changed. An actual ban on alcoholism can happen if the person himself should leave this problem. That’s why the mentality of the person should be changed. Plays, Lectures can be organized regarding this so that people could themselves change their mentality.
So after looking at this explanation we can say that the problem of alcoholism is a social problem and it has not just one or two reasons but it has many reasons behind it. People themselves are increasing this problem and if they want they themselves can eradicate this problem. If the public will take a tough stand against it then the government will also have to take part in it. If government and people both join hands with each other then this problem can be removed very quickly.
Question 3.
Explain different types of drugs.
Answer:
We can divide drugs into six parts which are given below:
- Whisky or liquor
- Sedatives
- Narcotics
- Stimulants
- Hallucinogens
- Nicotine
Now we will explain them in detail:
1. Whisky or alcohol. Some people drink alcohol as something which can give them pleasure and some people drinks alcohol so that they can get stimulant to do their work. Alcohol also works as a substance that gives us peace with which our nerves gets peace and relaxation. It acts as a sedative that calms down nerves or a type of anesthetic which reduces the pain of living. Humans have to face many problems and tensions in their lives because of which they become the victims of mental tension. That’s why they take help of alcohol to relieve their mental tension. Alcohol relieves tension and reduces aggressive inhibitions. It also reduces the power of taking decisions and creates confusion.
2. Sedatives. Sedatives are also known as depressants. It relaxes our central nervous system, induces sleep and gives a very calming effect. In medical terms, they are used for insomnia, epilepsy, high blood pressure and it is given to the patient before operation and during surgery so that they could relax. It acts as a depressant which depresses the actions of nerves and muscles. It also slows down breathing and heart beating and makes the user relax. But if the user will start to use a higher dose then he can become gloomy, sluggish, irritable and quarrelsome. His capacity of working and thinking reduces with this.
3. Narcotics. We can include opium, heroin, brown sugar, marijuana, charas, ghanja, bhang, smack etc. in narcotics. Heroin is a white powder which is made by morphine, cocaine is made by the leaves of coca bush, ganja, charas can be obtained from the hemp plant. Marijuana is a particular form of cannabis. Cocaine, heroin, morphine etc. can be .taken either by injections or in the form of cigarettes. All of these increase the capacity of the work of the person, gives him a lot of enjoyment and a feeling of superiority comes in him. But when person becomes an addict of these things then he cannot live without them. However, weakness, insomnia, nervousness remains and in the end person dies without them.
4. Stimulants. Stimulants activate the nervous system, treat small depression, relieve tension, keep a person awake, increase alertness and reduce aggressive inhibitions. Caffeine, cocaine, Amphetamines, etc. are used stimulative agents. If these will be taken according to the prescription by the doctor then it can produce self-confidence and alertness. But if they will be used more frequently then many problems like headache, sweating, diarrhea, nervousness can occur. These stimulants do not produce physical dependence but are psychologically addicting. Abruptly withdrawing the drug can result in mental illness and suicidal depression.
5. Hallucinogens. The most important element in this category is L.S.D. which is never prescribed by any doctor. It is either taken orally or in the form of an injection. It is so powerful that one ounce of LSD can produce three lakh human doses. Its minimum dose also directly affects the person. If any person uses it then he remains in hallucination, dreams, etc. after taking its dose. Severe mental derangement can result from an attempt to withdraw from its use.
6. Nicotine. We can include tobacco, bidi, cigarettes, cigars, snuff, etc. in it. It has no positive impact on our body but physically a person depends upon it. It leads to relaxation, stimulates the central nervous system, increases wakefulness, and removes boredom. But its heavy dose can lead to heart attack, lung cancer, bronchitis. If any person starts to use it then he becomes dependent upon it.