This PSEB 7th Class Science Notes Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 7th Class Science Notes Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants
→ All living things need energy for various activities and this energy is received from food.
→ The leaves need water and CO2 to make food through photosynthesis.
→ In animals, food, oxygen, and water are delivered to every cell in the body, and waste products are transported from the cells to the body’s excretory organs.
→ The movement of substances from one place to another in an organism is called transportation.
→ The circulatory system of developed organisms consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, which carry oxygen, carbon dioxide, food, hormones, and enzymes from one part of the body to another.
→ The single-cell organism does not have a circulatory system.
→ Blood contains red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
→ The red color of the blood is caused by a pigment called Haemoglobin.
→ The heart is a muscular organ that constantly beats like a pump for the circulation of blood.
→ The number of heartbeats per minute is called the pulse rate.
→ The arteries contain oxygenated blood and the veins contain carbon dioxide-rich blood.
→ Cells exchange nutrients, gases, and follicles between blood and tissue fluids.
→ The human excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra.
→ The kidney produces waste products in the form of urine, lungs in the form of carbon dioxide, and skin in the form of sweat.
→ The blood cells in the human kidneys filter the blood.
→ Dialysis is the process by which a machine removes unwanted substances and excess fluid from the blood.
→ Diffusion is a process in which a matter moves from a region of higher concentration to a region of low concentration.
→ Dispersion is the process by which a solvent passes through a semi-permeable membrane. And the movement is from low-density solution to high-density solution.
→ Single-cell organism exchanges substances in the external environment from the cell surface.
→ Photosynthesis: The process of formation of carbohydrates (food) by green plants from simple compounds such as carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll in the presence of sunlight is called photosynthesis.
→ Dispersion: This is the process in which solvents pass through a semi-permeable membrane from a low concentration solution to a solution with a higher concentration so that the concentration of the solution on both sides becomes equal. This type of transport is for short distances. Plant roots absorb water from the soil by this process.
→ Transpiration: The vaporization of water through the leaves of plants is called transpiration.
→ Transportation: The transfer of food from the leaves to other parts of the plant is called transportation.
→ Phloem: Plant tissues that carry food from the leaves to other parts of the plant, is called Phloem.
→ Arteries: The tubes that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to different parts of the body, are called arteries.
→ Veins: The capillaries that carry blood from different parts of the body to the heart, are called veins.
→ Excretion: The process of expelling harmful and waste products from the body is called excretion.
→ Dialysis: The process of removing urea and other toxic substances from the kidneys of the body with the help of an artificial machine is called dialysis.