Punjab State Board PSEB 11th Class Political Science Book Solutions Chapter 1 Meaning, Scope and Significance of Political Science Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
PSEB Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 1 Meaning, Scope and Significance of Political Science
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Discuss the definition and scope of Political Science.
Or
Define Political Science and discuss its scope.
Answer:
Man is a social animal. For the satisfaction of his needs he depends upon society. While living in society, man is to abide by certain definite rules and regulations because in the absence of these rules there will be no peace and order in the society. Some sort of political organisation or political arrangements are required for making and enforcing these rules.
In the absence of discipline in society there will be anarchy and disorder. There is a great truth in Aristotle’s saying that “Man is a social and political animal.’ That is why it is most essential for man to five in the State. In fact, State is a poilticallv organised society. According to Aristotle, “The State comes into being for the sake of mere life; it continues to exist for the sake of good life.” The State is the pivot or subject-matter for the study of ‘Political Science’. Political Science studies everything concerning the State.
In ancient.times the word ‘Politics’ was used for the term ‘Political Science’. The term Politics is derived form the Greek word ‘Pohs’ which means the City-State, the general form of political organisation obtaining in ancient Greece. In the ancient Greece there were small City-States. ‘Politics’ therefore, meant to an ancient Greek the science of the ‘City-State’ or pertaining to State and Government. In place of ‘City-States’ we have big territorial States now-a-days.
Now-a-days Political Science is the science which studies the origin, necessity, development, nature and future of the State; It is also said that ‘Political Science begins and ends with the State’. Some writers are of the opinion that Political Science is not only the study of the State but also of the Government. But the Government is an organ of the State and the study of the State also’includes the study of the Government. Therefore, it is not essential to make use of the word ‘Government’ alongwith the word ‘State’.
Different Definitions of Political Science. The scholars have given different definitions of Political Science which are given as follows:
1. According to Garner, “Political Science begins and ends with the State.”
2. According to Paul Janet, “Political Science is that part of Social Science which treats the foundations of the State and principles of Government.”
3. According to Bluntschii, “Political Science is the science which is concerned with
the State, which endeavours to understand and comprehend the State in its fundamental conditions, its essential nature, its various forms of manifestations, its development.” ‘
4. According to Sir John’R. Seeley, “Political Science investigates the phenomena of government as Political Economy deals with Wealth, Biology with Life, Algebra with Numbers and Geometry with Space and Magnitude.”
5. According to Dr. Leacock, “Political Science deals with Government only.”
6. According to Gettell, “Political Science may be defined as the Science of the State. It deals with the associations of human beings that form political units, with the orgnisations of their governments, and with the activities of these governments in making and administering law and in carrying on inter-State relations. The topics in which it is mainly interested are State, government and law.”
7. According to Gilchrist, “Political Science deals with the general problems of the State and government.”
8. According to Lord Acton, “Political Science is concerned with the State and with the conditions essential for its development.”
9. According to Leacock, “Political Science deals with Government.”
10. According to Demock, “Political Science is concerned with the State and its means and Government.”
Modern Definitions:
But modern scientists have started looking at Political Science from a different point of view. According to Lasswell anti Kaplan, “Political Science is an empirical inquiry in the study of the shaping and sharing of power.” According to Haszar and Stevenson, “Political Science is the field of study concerned primarily with the power relationship among men, between men and the State and among States.”
David Easton says, “Political Science is the study of authoritative allocation of values as it is influenced by the distribution and use of power.”
According to William Robson, “The focus of interest of Political is clear and unambigious. It centres on the struggle to gain or retain power, to exercise power or influence others and to resist that exercised.”
Writers like Kaplan, Dahl and Almond and many others regard Political Science to be a study of the political system as a whole. Political Science is also concerned with human elements. In short major concerns of Polititfhl Science are State, Government, Man, Power and Authority. Penock and Smith have rightly said that “Political Science refers to all that has to do with the forces, institutions and organisational forms in any society, that are recognised as having the most inclusive and final authority existing in that society for the establishment and maintenance of order, the effectuation of other joint purposes of its members and the reconciliation of their differences.”
Scope Of Political Science:
The writers on Political Science differ regarding its scope. Gamer is of the opinion that Political Science is only the study of the State. According to Gettell, Political Science mainly studies the State, the government and the law. Dr. Leacock is of the view-point that it is concerned only with the study of the government. In fact the scope of Political Science is very wide. It studies man in connection with organised political society.
The scope of Political Science can be explained in the following way:
1. Study of the State. State is the pivot round which Political Science revolves. The main object of Political Science and sphere of its activity is the State. It deals with the analytical study of the State i.e., its origin and end. According to Bluntschli, “Political Science is the science which is concerned with the State, which endeavours to undertsand, and comprehend the State in its fundamental conditions, its essential nature, its various forms of manifestations, its development.”
According to Gettell, “Political Science is the historical investigation of what the State has been, an analytical study of what the State is and a politico-ethical discussion of what the Stage ought to be.” This way we can study the present, the past and the future of the State.
(i) The State:What it has been?
The ‘present’ of a thing is the result of certain things happened in the past. Therefore, the present position of the State cannot be understood completely and thoroughly unless we come to know about the past of the State. With the help of the study of history we are to find out, how the .State came into existence, why did it come into existence? At the time of its origin, what the nature of the State was, what rights and duties were enjoyed by it and through what stages it had to pass to reach the present form. We are to see this thing also that with what institutions the State was concerned in the past and with which things they were confronted with in the past.
(ii) The State: What it is?
We study in Political Science, the nature and objects of the State and its relationship with the citizens. What means are adopted by the State for the satisfaction of its needs? The individual seeks the help of various social, political, economic and cultural groups for the development of his personality and the State is considered superior and . powerful to all these groups and associations. The study of the present State also includes its welfare activities.
(iii) The State: What it ought to be?
The present form of the State is not its final form, The State has continuously progressed and even at present its progress is continuous. Political Science also studies what the State ought administration of political affairs and determines the proper province and functions of the State. It aims at improving political institutions and organisations in the light of changing ideas and political theories.
2. Study of Political Thought:
What is State? Why should the people obey the orders of the State? Is there any limit to the powers and the right of State? Under what circumstances and on what grounds have the people the right to disobey and violate the ordeirs of the State? It is a very fundamental and basic question. From time to time the political philosophers have answered these questions. These answers have come to us in the form of ism, like the Idealism, Individualism, Utilitarianism, Socialism, Communism, Anarchism, Facism and Gandhism etc. The study of all the above mentioned theories is an important part of the scope of Political Science.
3. Study of Government:
]The study of government is most essential in Political Science. The government is that agency of the State through which it formulates and expresses its will. The study of the State without the study of the government is incomplete. The government is one of the essential elements of the State.
How the government is formed, what are its various forms, what are the merits and demerits of the various forms of government, what are the various organs of the government and what are their relations to one another? How are the civil and military officials appointed and what are their duties? Political Science also studies all these things. Besides this, it also studies the relationship between the central and the local government. It also studies the methods of distribution of powers between the Centre and the States.
4. Study of Politcal Institution:
The scope of Political Science also includes the study of political institution. This covers a study of constitutions of different countries of the world and national, regional an’d local governments.
5. Study of Political Theory:
Political theory is the most important branch of Political Science. Political Science studies Political theory, Political philosophy and Political ideas of great political thinkers e.g., Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Hegel, Marx, Gandhi etc.
6. Study of Political Forces:
Political Science does not study the State from the formal point of view but it also studies it from the informal point of view. In the State so many groups and organisations function to influence its policies and its working. There are pressure groups, interest groups and other political economic, social and religious organisations which function in each State and influence its working.
Each group which influences the policies of the government either directly or indirectly has an important place in Political Science. Political Science also studies the electoral system, organisation of public opinion, public relationship and the means of propaganda in the State.
7. Study of International Relations and International Organisations:
Political Science studies State not only as institution but also as a personality of entity in the family of the States. It studies the behaviour of State in relation to other States. Political Science also studies various international organisations like League of Nations, United Nations, I.L.O., U.N.E.S.C.O., W.H.O. etc. It studies aims, functions, organs and role of the United Nations. ‘
8. Study of Man:
Today it is beyond all doubts that State is the only agency for individual happiness and is in-fact its end. It has rightly been said that it is the foremost duty of modem State to be an instrument for happiness of man. Political Science studies the nature of relationship between the individual and the State. It examines how man should adjust himself with the society. The problem is how to reconcile the authority of the State with the liberty of rW- individual. Political
Science studies this problem also. Political Science is concerned not only with the political aspect of the life of the individual but it is also concerned with the social, economic and intellectual aspect of his life. In other words Political Science studies the individual as a whole.
9. Study of Power and Authority:
Today Power and Authority have become very popular elements of political science. These factors play very important role. That is why power and authority are the subjects of political science.
10. Study of Political Parties:
Political Parties especially in a democratic system play a very important role. No democratic system is possible without political parties. We study the ideology, basis, principles, policies and programmes of political parties.
11. Study of Controversies:
Controversies and conflicts among person to person, group to group, party to party and nation to nation etc. are also the subject matter of political science. Wasby says that, “Where there is politics, there is controversy; where there is no controversies there is no politics.” Why controversies and conflicts arise and what is their solution is also the scope of political science.
12. Study of Leadership:
Another important subject of politics is leadership.Leadership means to have capacity to organize human means for achievement of particular goals. Leadership is important in politics and plays an important role in taking decisions.
13. Study of Influence:
According to some political scholars among with power, influence is also a central subject of politics. According to Laswell, “The study of politics is the study of influence and the influential.” Eric Rowe has regarded influence instead of power as the main subject of politics.
14. Study of Legitimacy: We also study in politics the concept of Legitimacy and crisis of Legitimacy.
15. Study of authoritative allocation of values:
Values are also one of the important subject matter of politics. According to David Easton, “Politics is concerned with the authoritative allocation of values for society.”
Conclusion:
The above mentioned facts clearly indicate that the scope of Political Science is very vast. Gettell is right when he says that, “The topics in which it is mainly interested are State, Government and law. Political Science is concerned not only with political institution but also with political ideas.” Garner’s saying that “Political Science begins and ends with the State” is absolutely correct. The study of Political Science, in fact, revolves round the State.
Question 2.
What is the significance of studying Political Science?
Or
Discuss the utility of studying Political Science.
Answer:
Some scholars attach no importance to the principles of Political Science in this scientific era, but it is a wrong conception. According to Ivor Brown, “Sensibly handled with a commonsense attitude to the real value of social life, political theory is both a concrete and fruitful study.”
Every individual is a citizen of the State and thereby an inseparable part of the State. So the study of Political Science is essential for every inhabitant. Administration used to be in the hands of kings, wazirs and a few officials in the ancient time, but people themselves are the rulers and the subjects in the modern age. So every citizen is naturally interested in Political Science. Its importance is enhancing every day and following are few benefits of studying Political Science:
1. True Knowledge of the Political Terminology:
The first and foremost advantage of studying Political Science is that .one gets a true knowledge of political terminology. None can accurately understand the Terms State, Government, Society, Nation and Nationalism etc. without studying Political Science. The citizens rightly conceive the meaning of freedom and equality through the study of Political Science.
2. Knowledge of State and Government:
The main subject of Political Science is State and Government. Each individual is an inhabitant of the State and he can progress only by remaining in the State. The State, now-a-days, is a welfare State and so influences every aspect of an individual. By studying Political Science, one can understand as to how the State originated. What are the aims of a State? How can these objects be fulfilled? What is a Government? etc.
3. It shows relationship between the State and Man:
One understands the true relationship between State and Man by studying Political Science. What is the relation between an individual and State has been a ticklish question since the ancient times. Previously people considered State to be all in all. State could treat the individuals the way it liked to and that is why individuals were cruelly treated in the past. But now, through the study of Political Science, we understand the true relationship between the State and Man.
4. Knowledge of Rights and Duties:
The study of Political Science gives us the knowledge about our rights and duties. This knowledge is very essential for becoming a good citizen. A citizen can develop his personality fully only if he is having full knowledge about his rights and duties. This knowledge is given by the study of Political Science.
5. Success of Democracy:
With the advent and popularity of modern democracies, the study of Political Science has become almost indispensable. In a democratic State the government is not run by experts but it is manned by ordinary citizens. It is the citizens who choose their legislators and administrators. If the citizens are -hot educated and they are not conscious of their rights and duties, it is impossible to expect from them to elect right type of legislators and administrators.
Bad government is bound to do great harm to the society. If the people do not get political education, they will remain ignorant about their rights and duties. They will not have the knowledge of electoral process and their participation in the government. In the absence of political education the people do not elect right type of representatives.
6. Selection of Political Ideas:
Political Science helps us in selecting good ideas. There are so many political ideals and political philosophies in the world. Different philosophers at different times have advocated different political philosophies. There are various political movements in different countries of the world at different times.
By studying Political Science we can come to know about the merits and demerits of various political ideals. We can judge the effects of a political movement on the political conditions of the country. We can go into the various aspects of political ideals and can select the best one. In a democratic form of government the study of Political Science is of great advantage.
7. Formation of healthy Political Parties:
A democratic government cannot function without the existence of political parties. The study of Political Science helps in understanding the formation, the nature and the working of political parties. Sometimes there exist various groups in a country, some groups are formed on the basis of religion and some are formed with a particular selfish motive. An ordinary citizen cannot properly understand the nature of these groups.
These groups are not political parties in the strict sense of the term. These groups do not in any way promote national interest. The study of Political Science reveals that political parties should be formed on economic or political basis. People having the knowledge of Political Science will form political parties on healthy grounds, and these parties will always function in the best interests of the nation. The parties based on healthy grounds will function in the best interests of nation whether they form the government or sit in the opposition.
8. Knowledge of the governmental systems of other countries:
In the modem age nobody can lead an isolated life. Each country is to maintain relations with other countries of the world. The study of Political Science helps us a lot in undertsanding international relations. We come to know about the forms of government prevailing in other countries and the political ideals which these countries have adopted. We maintain our relations with all these countries on the basis of their political ideologies.
Different countries have adopted different forms of governments. Some countries have adopted monarchy, some dictatorship, some unitary form of government, some federal type of government, some parliamentary and some have adopted presidential form of government. We come to know about the advantages and disadvantages of all these forms of governments by the study of Political Science. We make the maximum use of the experiences of other countries.
9. Solution of Current Problems:
The study of political science helps people to acquire habits of clear thinking, keen observations and fair dealings. The study also gives them a thorough knowledge of the political institutions of the country. In course of time as their knowledge and experience increase they will find themselves able to find out the solution of various current problems.
Political Science is based on sound principles and these principles can be of great use in solving various political problems. If the citizens and the administration understand the problems, they can frame suitable laws to solve them. If the administrators take suitable steps, there is no reason why the country does not make progress.
10. Toleration:
Political Science teaches the lesson of toleration to the people. In the modern age it is most essential that the people should possess the spirit of toleration. No country today can maintain relations with other countries of the world without developing the spirit of peaceful co-existence.
Political Science teaches that all the countries in the world should live in harmony with one another. The sovereignty and territorial integrity of each country should be respected by all other countries. If the different countries of the world do not develop the spirit of toleration, the world is bound to become a battlefield.
The citizens should also develop the spirit of toleration. Most of the countries have adopted the democratic form of government and in democracy every individual gets the freedom of speech and expression. Everybody can have his say. It is just possible that the view-point of a person is not liked by others, but it does not mean that person should not be allowed to express his opinion.
Political Science teaches us that we must listen to the view-point of others very carefully even if we do not agree to that view-point. This always helps in tolerating the view-point of our opponents and in the development of the spirit of co-existence. The spirit of co-existence and toleration develops only by studying the subject of Political Science.
11. Efficiency in Administration. Now-a-days it is an age of democracy and the government of the country is run by the people themselves. The study of Political Science gives the knowledge of nature, forms, functions and various organs of government to the individual. If an individual gets the opportunity of entering into government service he will run the administration very efficiently. If a person gets the chance of serving as an administrator, as a minister or as a legislator the study of Political Science will help him a lot in running the administration smoothly.
The study of Political Science makes an individual a good man, a good citizen, a good administrator and a good legislator. He will make constructive criticism of the government and will contribute his best to the administration of the State. Conclusion; The above-mentioned facts clearly indicate that this subject is of utmost importance for the citizen of a State. Hie study of the subject is most essential for each and every individual.
The study of this subject helps in the development of individual personality and he reaps the fruit of the study of the subject throughout his whole life. An individual having the knowledge of this subject contributes his best to the development and progress of the country. The entire human race is benefited by the study of Political Science. It is more useful for the students because the student of today is the administrator, minister, legislator and government official of tomorrow. Most of the problems of our country can be solved by the study of this subject.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Define the term “Political Science”.
Answer:
The scholars have given different definitions of Political Science. According to Garner, “Political Science begins and ends with the state.” According to Dr. Lea cock, “Political Science deals with government only.” According to Gilchrist, “Political Science deals with the general problems of the state and government.” Writers like Kaplan, Dahl and Almond and many others regard political science to be a study of the political system as a whole. In short, political Science deals with state, government, Man, Power and Authority.
Question 2.
Describe the origin of the world ‘Political Science’.
Answer:
In ancient times the world ‘Politics’ was used for the term ‘Political Science’. The term Politics is derived from the Greek word ‘Polis’ which means the City state, the general form of Political organisation obtaining in ancient Greece. In the ancient Greece there were small City-States. “Politics’ therefore meant to be in ancient Greece the Science of the City-State’ or pertaining to State and Government. Aristotle concentrated his study on these City-States. He drew his practical and therorical conclusion in his study in the famous book ‘Politics’. In place of City-State we have big territorial states now-a-days.
Question 3.
Distinguish between Politics and Political Science.
Answer:
- Politics is the practical aspect of Political Science while Political Science is the academic aspect of Politics.
- Political Science originated earlier than Politics.
- Political Science is moral-based while Politics is based on convenience.
- Political Science and Politics have different aims.
Question 4.
Give any four definitions of Political Science according to traditional view.
Answer:
Four Traditional definitions are:
- According to Garner, ‘Political Science begins and ends with the state.”
- According to Paul Janet, “Political Science is that part of Social Science which treats the foundations of the state and the principles of Government.”
- According to Gilchrist, “Political Science deals with the general problems of the State and government.
- According to Willoughby, “Political science has to deal with state, government
and law.”
Question 5.
How was Political Science viewed by the traditional Political thinkers?
Answer:
Garner, Paul Janet, Bluntschli, Seeley, Leacock, Gettell and Gilchrist are traditional Political scientists.
- Traditional Political Science thinkers viewed Political Science as a study of the State. According to Gamer, “Political Science begins and ends with the State.”
- According to traditional political thinkers, Political Science is the government. According to Dr. Leacock, ‘Political Science deals with Government only.”
- Traditional political thinkers viewed Political Science as the study of both state and government. According to Gilchrist, “Political Science deals with the general problems of state and government.”
- According to traditional political thinkers like Willoughby, “Political Science has to deal with state, government and law.”
Question 6.
Give any four definitions of Political Science according to modern view.
Answer:
- According to Lasswell and Kaplan, ‘Political Science as an empirical inquiry is the study of the shaping and sharing of power.”
- According to Haszar and Stevenson, “Political Science is the field of study concerned primarily with the power relationship among men between men and the State and among States,”
- David Easton says, ‘Political Science is the study of authoritative allocation of values as it is influenced by the distribution and uses of power,”
- Robert Dahl says, “Political analysis deals with power, rule or authority.”
Question 7.
Explain the scope of Political Science.
Answer:
- Political Science deals with the analytical study of the state. It studies the past, present and future of the state.
- In Political Science, we study various theories i.e., Individualism, Socialism, Communism, Fascism, Gandhism etc.
- Political Science deals with the government. It studies all aspects of government.
- Political Science studies International relations and International organisations like United Nations.
Question 8.
Explain the modern view regarding the scope of Political Science.
Answer:
Modem Political Science regard Political Science as the study of power. According to Lasswell and Kaplan, ‘Political Science as an empirical inquiry is the study of the shaping and sharing of power.” Political Science studies political system. Dahl, Almond and many others regard Political Science to be a study of the Political System as a whole.
According to Arnold Brecht, Political Science studies-
- Group,
- Equibirum,
- Power, Control and influence,
- Action,
- Elite,
- Decision,
- Anticipated Action and
- Functions.
In short the scope of Political Science includes the study of Power, Authority, Legitimacy, Influence, Pressure Groups, Politicals System, etc.
Question 9.
What is the modern view of Political Science?
Answer:
After 2nd World War, many important changes took place in the field of the study of political science. Modem political scientists have launched a ‘Protest Movement’ against the traditional view of political science. Modem view of Political Science is very broad and comprehensive. It covers a wide range of Political, social, economic and culture activities of a ‘political’ man. It studies all kinds of problems, conflicts, stuggle for power, decision-making process leadership, political behaviour, the politics of caste, politics of religion, etc.
Question 10.
Political Science is infact a Science. Give four arguments in support of it.
Answer:
Many writers call political science a Science. Aristotle was the first to call it the Master Science.
1. Political Science is a Science because knowledge of political science is systematic. The facts regarding the life of the State are collected from history and these facts are classified, co-ordinated and systematised.
2. The scholars of Political Science agree on certain fundamental principles and conclusion of Political Science. For examples there is no denying the fact that democratic government is the best form of government. It is more permanent that most other forms of government.
3. In political science conclusions are based on deep study and deservation.
4. There is scope for predicting things in Political Science.
Question 11.
Political Science is not a science. Give four arguments.
Answer:
The writers who do not accepts Science as a science have put forth the following agruments.
1. Lack of Unanimity on Fundmentals: The scholars of Political Science do not hold unanimous opinions regarding the theories, subject matter and conclusions of Political Science.
2. Unsystematic:
The knowledge of this subject is not systematic. Its growth is very slow, irregular and unsystematic. Sometimes it is very difficult to co-relate different aspects of the subject-matter. Like other physical science its knowledge is not systematic and results are not uniform or universal.
3. Prediction is difficult:
The claim of Political Science as a science is also ruled out on the ground that prediction is difficult in this subject. It cannot predict the coming events. In all other physical sciences prediction is possible.
4. Impartial and objective investigation or research is not possible.
Question 12.
Write four significances of study of Political Science.
Answer:
The significance of Political Science is enhancing every day and following are the benefits of studying political science:-
1. The first advantage of studying Political Science is that one gets true knoledge of political terminology. None can accurately understand the terms State, Government, Society, Nation, Nationally, etc. without styding Political Science.
2. The study of Political Science gives us the knowledge about our rights and duties. This knowldege is very essential for becoming a good citizen.
3. By studying Political Science one can understand as to how the state originated? What are the aims of a state? How can these objects be fulfilled? What is a government, etc.?
4. The study of a Political Science help us in understanding the true relationship between state and individual.
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Give the definition of the term “Political Science”.
Answer:
The scholars have given different definitions of Political Science. According to Garner, “Political Science begins and ends with the state.” According to Dr. Leacock, “Political Science deals with government only.”
Question 2.
Describe the meaning of ‘Political Science’.
Answer:
In ancient times the world ‘Politics’ was used for the term ‘Political Science’. The term Politics is derived from the Greek word ‘Polis’ which means the City state. In the ancient Greece there were small City-States. ‘Politics’ therefore meant to be in ancient Greece the Science of the City-State’ or pertaining to State and Government. In place of City-State we have big territorial states now-a-days.
Question 3.
Distinguish between Politics and Political Science.
Answer:
- Politics is the practical aspect of Political Science while Political Science is the academic aspect of Politics.
- Political Science originated earlier than Politics.
Question 4.
Explain the scope of Political Science.
Answer:
- Political Science deals with the analytical study of the state. It studies the past, present and future of the state.
- In Political Science, we study various theories i.e., Individualism, Socialism, Communism, Fascism, Gandhism etc.
Question 5.
Political Science is infact a Science. Give two arguments in support of it.
Answer:
Many writers call political science a Science. Aristotle was the first to call it the Master Science.
1. Political Science is a Science because knowledge of political science is systematic. The facts regarding the life of the State are collected from history and these facts are classified, co-ordinated and systematised.
2. The scholars of Political Science agree on certain fundamental principles and conclusion of Political Science. For examples there is no denying the fact that democratic government is the best form of government. It is more permanent that most other forms of government.
Question 6.
Political Science is not a science. Give two arguments.
Answer:
The writers who do not accepts Science as a science have put forth the following agruments.
1. Lack of Unanimity on Fundmentals. The scholars of Political Science do not hold unanimous opinions regarding the theories, subject matter and conclusions of Political Science.
2. Unsystematic. The knowledge of this subject is not systematic. Its growth is very slow, irregular and unsystematic.
Question 7.
Write two significances of study of Political Science.
Answer:
The significance of Political Science is enhancing every day and following are the benefits of studying political science
1. The first advantage of studying Political Science is that one gets true knoledge of political terminology. None can accurately understand the terms State, Government, Society, Nation, Nationally, etc. without styding Political Science.
2. The study of Political Science gives us the knowledge about our rights and duties. This knowldege is very essential for becoming a good citizen.
One Word to One Sentence Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Write down any one traditional definition of Political Science.
Answer:
According to Dr. Leacock, “Political Science deals with government only.”
Question 2.
Write down any one modern definition of Political Science.
Answer:
According to David Easton, “Politics is the authoritative allocation of values.”
Question 3.
Political Science is a science. Give any one argument in its favour.
Answer:
The principle of cause and effect relationship applies in Political Science.
Question 4.
Political Science is not a science. Give any one argument in its favour.
Answer:
There is a lack of uniformity among scholars regarding its principles.
Question 5.
On the basis of traditional view, mention the names of any two subjects regarding the scope of Political Science.
Answer:
- Study of the past, the present and the future of the State.
- Study of the Government.
Question 6.
On the basic of modern view of politics, mention the names of any two subjects regarding the scope of Political Science.
Answer:
- Groups
- Balance.
Question 7.
Which scholar has called Political Science ‘A Universal Science’?
Answer:
Aristotle, the father of Political Science, has referred to Political Science as a universal science.
Question 8.
Who is considered the father of Political Science?
Answer:
Aristotle.
Question 9.
From which word has the word ‘Politics’ been derived?
Answer:
‘Politics’ word has been derived from ‘Polis’.
Question 10.
From which language has the word ‘Polis’ been derived?
Answer:
The word ‘Polis’ has been derived from Greek language.
Question 11.
What is the meaning of the word ‘Polis’?
Answer:
The meaning of the word ‘Polis’ is city state.
Question 12.
Write down any one significance of Political Science.
Answer:
We get true knowledge of political terminology.
Fill in the blanks:
1. …………… is the writer of book ‘Republic’.
Answer:
Plato
2. …………… do not accept Political Science as a Science.
Answer:
Maitland
3. State and …………… are the pivot round which Political Science revolves.
Answer:
Government
4. The government is that …………… of the state through which it formulates and expresses it will.
Answer:
Agency.
True or False statement:
1. State is the Pivot round which political science revolves.
Answer:
True
2. In ancient times the word ‘Politics’ was used for the term Economics.
Answer:
False
3. The meaning of word ‘Polis’ is city-state.
Answer:
True
4. According to Gamer, Political science only concern to govt.
Answer:
False
5. Political science also studies U.N.O, I.L.O, UNESCO and W.H.O.
Answer:
True
Choose the correct Answer
Question 1.
The term Politics is derived from:
(A) Latin word ‘Polis’
(B) Greek word ‘Polis’ Greek
(C) English-word ‘Political’
(D) word city-state.
Answer:
(B) Greek word ‘Polis’ Greek
Question 2.
Political Science deals with:
(A) Society
(B) Government only
(C) State only
(D) State and Government.
Answer:
(D) State and Government.
Question 3.
The term ‘Politics’ for political science had been used first by
(A) Catlin
(B) Hobbes
(C) Morhiavelli
(D) Aristole.
Answer:
(D) Aristole.
Question 4.
Aristole is famous book on political science is the:
(A) Republic
(B) Prince
(C) Politics
(D) Laws.
Answer:
(C) Politics
Question 5.
Who is the father of Political Science.
(A) Plato
(B) Aristotle
(C) Karl Marx
(D) Laski.
Answer:
(B) Aristotle