Punjab State Board PSEB 12th Class Political Science Book Solutions Chapter 15 India and United Nations Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
PSEB Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 15 India and United Nations
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Write a note on U.N.
Answer:
There breathes nobody in this world who is not acquainted with the name of the United Nations. After long debates and discussions which took place in various World Conferences held from time to time between 1940 and 1945, ultimately the United Nations Conference was held at San-Francisco from April 26 to 25 June 1945. The Conference adopted the U.N. Charter which was signed by delegates of 51 Nations. The U.N. actually started functioning on October 24, 1945. It is an organisation of 193 countries of the world which aims at establishing peace in the world. Peace can be established in the world if all the countries extend willing co-operation to this organization.
Aims and Principles of U.N.
The U.N. Charter contains 111 short articles, prefaced by a preamble, which speaks for the aims of the United Nations. It starts with the words. “We the people of the United Nations,” signifying thereby that the United Nations speak in the name of the people of the world. The basic aims of the U.N. are:
- To save succeeding generations from the scourge of war;
- To re-affirm faith in the fundamental human rights;
- To establish justice and respect for international obligations; and
- To promote social progress and better standards of life.
These aims can be classified as under:
- To maintain international peace and security.
- To develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of people.
- To achieve international co-operative for solving international problems of an economic, social and humanitarian character.
- To promote and encourage respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without any distinction of race, sex, language or region.
- To act as a centre for harmonizing the actions of world nations in the achievement of agreed common ends.
Basic Principles of The U.N.
All the members, in order to achieve the main purpose of U.N., will act in accordance with the principles given ahead:
- The organization is based on the principles of sovereign equality of its members.
- All member-States are supposed to fulfil the obligation imposed upon them by Charter.
- All international disputes are to be settled through peaceful means.
- All member-States must refrain from the use of force in any international dispute.
- The organization as far as possible, shall avoid intervention in the domestic affairs of a State.
- The member-States are supposed to assist the organization in any action taken by it in accordance with the U.N. Charter.
- All member-States must give free help to U.N.O. in any action taken according to the Charter.
- All members must act according to the principles of U.N.O. in order to create international peace and security.
Organs of U.N.
The principal organs of U.N. are given as under:
1. The General Assembly
2. The Security Council
3. The Economic and Social Council
4. The International Court of Justice
5. The Trusteeship Council
6. The Secretariat.
1. General Assembly:
The General Assembly consists of all the members of U.N. Each state can send five representatives in the General Assembly. Each member-State has, however, one vote. In the Assembly all the member- States, however big or small, meet on the terms of sovereign equality of all the member-States. It elects its President and Vice-Presidents for each session. The General Assembly meets regularly once every year, commencing usually in September.
Special sessions may be convened at the request of the Security Council or of a majority of the members of the U.N. All decisions on important questions are taken by 2/3 majority of those present. A majority of the.members of the General Assembly constitutes a quorum. The General Assembly does most of its work in Committee’s voting but decision regarding less important questions may be taken by a simple majority of votes. Functions. The General Assembly can be called World Parliament or World Panchayat.
The Assembly elected 10 non-permanent members of the Security Council for a term of two years, 54 members of the Economic and social Council and some members of the Trusteeship Council. A Secretary-General is elected on the recommendations of the Security Council. It is the deliberative body of the organization. Apart from the duties discussed above, it performs the following functions:
- The General Assembly can deal with all matters within the scope of U.N. Charter.
- It can make recommendations to any member or to the Security Council on any question within its jurisdiction.
- It considers principle of co-operation for the creation of world peace and security.
- It can initiate studies and make recommendations for the development of International Law and its codification.
- It can call the attention of the Security Council to such situations which may endanger world peace.
- It is empowered to make suggestions for promoting international co-operation in economic, social, cultural and health fields.
- It receives and considers the annual reports from the Security Council and other organs about the maintenance of world peace.
- It considers and approves the budget of U.N.
- It fixes the amount which each member-State has to contribute for the working of U.N.
- To assist in the realization of fundamental human rights for all without distinction of race, sex, language or religion.
‘The Uniting for Peace Resolution’ confers effective power on the General Assembly for the purpose of maintaining International peace and security.This Resolution was adopted by the General Assembly on 3rd November, 1950.
2. Security Council:
It consists of 15 members, five of which are permanent members. It is the most important and most powerful organ of the U.N. The permanent members are- England, France, U.S.A., Russia and Republic of China. Ten members are non-permanent, These non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly for a period of two years. No State can be elected as a member for two consecutive terms.
The Security Council must meet at least twice a month, but its meeting can be held even before if the need arises. Meetings of the Security Council are held at the call of the President at any time he deems necessary, but the interval between meetings must not exceed fourteen days. Each member presides over the meeting of the council for a month turn by turn.
The concurrence of permanent members is necessary for all vital decisions of the Security Council affecting international peace and security. Decisions on all matters are to be made by a majority of nine members (including the five permanent) except on procedural matters which require the decision of any nine members.
By casting a negative vote, any one of the permanent members can veto a decision. But mere abstention from the vote, or the absence of a permanent member from the meeting, does not operate as a veto. No member can cast his vote in a matter with which he is personally connected. The Security Council can invite any State to participate in its meeting but it is not entitled to exercise its vote.
Functions:
- The admission of new States to the organization and the expulsion therefrom can only be done on the recommendation of the Security Council.
- It makes recommendations to the General Assembly for the appointment of the General Secretary.
- It can take any measure necessary to maintain or restore international peace.
- It can ask the contesting parties to solve their conflict by peaceful means, like negotiation, enquiry and mediation.
- The Security Council may decide measures, not involving the use of armed force, to be employed to give effect to its decisions.
- The Security Council may take such action by air, sea or land force, as may be necessary to maintain or restore international peace and security.
- It shares with the General Assembly the function of electing judges to the International Court of Justice and right to request the court for advisory opinion or legal matters.
3. Economic and Social Council:
Before 1965 this body consisted of 18 members who were elected by the General Assembly. From 1st Jan. 1966 its membership was increased to 27 and now-a-days it has 54 members. One- third of its members retire after every one year and this way a member is elected for a period of three years. A retiring member is eligible for immediate re-election. It can have extra members also but these members cannot have the right to vote. It must meet at least twice a year and decisions are taken by ordinary majority. It elects its own President.
Functions:
Its main function is to solve the economic and social problem of the people.
- It initiates studies and makes report about international economic, social, educational, health and cultural matters to the General Assembly and other specialized agencies.
- It sets up commissions in economic and social fields for the promotion of human rights.
- It calls international conferences on matters under its jurisdiction.
- It makes recommendations for the purpose of promoting respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedom of all.
- It helps the nations in their development plans.
- It may take appropriate steps to obtain regular reports from the specialised agencies.
4. International Court of Justice:
It is the judicial organ of the United Nations. It decides the disputes among different member-States of the U.N. It has 15 judges, and they are elected by the General Assembly and the Security Council, voting independently. Those candidates who obtain an absolute majority of votes in the General Assembly and in the Security Council are considered as elected. The judges are elected for nine years.
After every 3 years, 1/3rd of the judges retire but they can be re-elected. Its meetings are held at the Hague and decisions are taken by a majority vote of the judges present. The Court elects its President and Vice-president for three years. Except for judicial vacations, the Court is permanently in session. A quorum of nine judges is required to constitute the Court. French and English are the official languages of the Court.
Functions:
- It decides disputes among different States. Any State can refer its case to the court for decision.
- It hears and decides disputes on the basis of International Law. United Nations Charter, international treaties and international customs and traditions.
- The General Assembly can ask for legal advice on any issue from the International Court of Justice.
- Its decisions are only in the form of advice and no member is bound to act according to the decision given by it. The Security Council gets its decisions enforced
5. Trusteeship Council:
It consists of members from States which administer Trust territories and such of the five permanent members of the Security Council as do not administer any trust territory. But it has also to include some other representations in such a way that the total becomes equally divided between the trust administering members and the non-trust administering members. All these extra members are to be elected by the General Assembly for a period of 3 years. The Trusteeship Council meets twice a year, generally in January and June. At its summer session each year it elects its President and a Vice-president to preside over its meetings. All the decisions are made by a majority of the members present and voting. Each member of the Trusteeship Council possesses one vote.
Functions:
- The council is to see that trust territories are administered and ultimately get responsible government or independence according to the wishes of the masses.
- It also considers reports which have been submitted by the administering authority.
- It further examines petitions and visits the respective trust territories in order to promote world peace.
- It makes efforts for the promotion of moral, social and economic welfare of the trust territories.
- It formulates a questionnaire on the political, economic, social and educational advancement of the inhabitants of each trust territory.
6. Secretariat:
A Secretariat has been established for working out the administration of the various organs of the U.N. It functions under the Supervision and direction of a Secretary General. He is appointed for a period of five years. The General Assembly appoints the Secretary General on the recommendations of the Security Council. Secretary General can be re-elected. He is the Chief Administrative Officer of the United Nations. Antonio Guterres of Portugal is the present Secretary General. The international staff is required by him under the rules and regulations laid down by the General Assembly.
The Secretariat is located at the Headquarters of the U.N. in New York. It has branch offices at Geneva, Vienna and Nairobi.
Functions:
- The Secretariat maintains the records of the proceeding of the various organs of the U.N.. It collects information and materials needed by them and conducts correspondence with States on behalf of the U.N.
- It calls the meeting of the various organs of the U.N.
- It enforces the decisions taken by various organs of the U.N.
- It prepares the annual report of each organ of the U.N. and presents it to the General Assembly.
- It brings to the notice of Security Council any matter which in its opinion may threaten the international peace and security.
- It produces statistical publication, information bulletins and analytical work in accordance with the decisions of the General Assembly.
- It organises conferences, expert group meetings, seminars on topics of concern to the international community.
- It is to run the working of the U.N. smoothly and efficiently.
Question 2.
Describe India’s role in the United Nations.
Or
Describe the role of India in United Nations Organisation (U.N.O.).
Answer:
India has been a member of the U.N.O from the very beginning. She is among those countries which signed the U.N. Charter first of all. As India is a peace- loving country so its policies are very much in tune with the policies of the U.N.O. After the attainment of Independence, India took a keen interest in the activities of the U.N.O. She co-operated with the U.N.O. in all its activities. She helped the U.N.O. in its aim of maintaining world peace. India also became the member of the specialised agencies of U.N.O. and helped in its co-operative efforts. Whenever the U.N.O. was faced with a problem, India extended her full support for solving it. India performed the following functions for helping the U.N.O. in the fulfilment of its objects:
1. Policy of Neutrality:
India had adopted the policy of neutrality in international affairs. India is always anxious for maintaining friendly relations with all countries of the world. Today the entire world is divided into two blocs and each bloc is opposed to the other. This division of the – world into two blocs is a hindrance in the fulfilment of the objectives of the U.N.O. It increases the chances of war and decreases the chances of co- 1 operative efforts on the part of member countries. India has kept itself aloof from these power-blocs and has always stood for the policy of neutrality. India has also made efforts to bridge the gap in these two power-blocs and has done its best in reducing the tension between them.
2. Panchsheel:
India had propagated the principles of Panchsheel for the maintenance of world peace. By following the principles of Panchsheel the chances of war are much reduced and all the countries of the world live in co-operation with one another. The principles of Panchsheel have been accepted by Asian, African and many European countries. It has helped a great deal in the maintenance of world peace. The maintenance of world peace is one of the main aims of the U.N.O.
3. Peaceful solution of her disputes with other countries:
India has always tried to find out a peaceful solution of her disputes with other countries.
Just after the attainment of Independence, India had a dispute with Pakistan over the Kashmir issue, and the dispute was referred to the U.N.O. by India.
In 1962, China attacked India and we put in our best to solve the problem peacefully. In 1965, India was attacked by Pakistan, but it accepted the cease-fire and respected the resolution on cease-fire of Security Council of the U.N.O. Whatever differences we have with other countries, we are always: desirous of solving them peacefully.
4. Co-operation in ending wars in other countries:
India has always; co-operated with U.N.O. in ending wars in other countries. It helped in bringing to an end the civil war in Korea. India had a hand in the maintenance of peace in Laos and Indo-China. India was given the responsibility of defending the ceasefire line in Korea. Indian representative headed the Commission appointed for the maintenance of peace in Indo-China. India helped U.N. to the maximum in ending the civil war in the Congo. India was substantially associated with the conversion of the United Nations Operation in the Congo from a non-military to a military force.
India was:also appointed a member of the Advisory Committee on the Congo. India; made every possible effort to bring the dispute between England and Egypt over Suez Canal to an end. Speaking in the debate on the question of Cyprus in the General Assembly on May 11, 1983, India called for the withdrawal of foreign military forces from Cyprus and appealed to both parties to resume the inter-community talks. India declared, Cyprus cannot be divided or partitioned The identity and integrity of this island republic must be preserved at all costs.” Thus whenever world peace is threatened, India takes a keen interest in solving the issues peacefully.
5. Help in the freedom of dependent countries:
India has always helped the dependent countries in the attainment of freedom. India helped Indonesia -in the attainment of freedom. Whenever any country started the movement for attaining independence, India always supported the cause.
6. Anti-Colonialism:
India stood for anti-colonialism. India is for stepping up fight against Colonialism. Speaking during a General Assembly debate on decolonisation on Nov. 23, 1982, India called for combating colonialism and its new manifestations like Namibia and Palestine with renewed vigour. On April 8, 1987, India asked the U.N. Security Council not to ‘shy away’ from its responsibility in getting Namibia freed from its illegal occupation bySouth Africa against whom it demanded comprehensive mandatory sanctions.
7. Criticism of Injustice-rand Aggression. Whenever any country committed aggression against any other country or did injustice to any other country, India always raised its voice against the aggressor. It criticised the aggressive designs of powerful nations. When Russia attacked Hungary; Britain and
France attacked Egypt and Britain attacked Cyprus, India criticised their actions without any hesitation. India condemned South Africa’s unprovoked and wanton aggression against Lesotho and acts of subversion and aggression against Angola. On Dec. 13, 1982 India called for the total isolation of South Africa to compel it to end its illegal occupation of Namibia as well as its terrorist activities against other countries in the region. India has always supported a measure on its merits and has always sided with truth. It had adopted the policy of neutrality.
8. Support of Disarmament:
India has also supported disarmament for lessening the possibility of wars. India is against the policy of performing nuclear experiments. In principle, India has stood for general and complete disarmament within the framework of the United Nations.
Addressing the General Assembly, Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, Prime Minister of India, asked nuclear powers to eliminate all nuclear weapons by the year 2010.
India proposed a Comprehensive Global Security System that would ensure “peaceful co-existence for a new, just, equitable and democratic world order.” On January 14, 1993 India signed along with other countries the Chemical Weapons Ban Treaty. After India conducted nuclear tests in May, 1998 United States and other countries urged India to sign CTBT (Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty) unconditionally. But India reiterated its stand that since the treaties are discriminatory, they are not acceptable to the nation without any change.
9. Admission of New States:
India tried her best for the admission of Communist China and Bangla Desh into the United Nations.
10. Against Racial Discrimination:
India has always spoken fearlessly against the racial discrimination to which the ‘Coloured people’ (as in South Africa) are being subjected by the ‘White’ ruling class. India was the first country to impose comprehensive voluntary sanctions against the apartheid regime of South Africa in 1946. India urged the United Nations to treat the problem of racial discrimination as a threat to international peace and security and carry out the responsibility enjoined by the Charter. Consequently, the United Nations adopted a number of resolutions calling upon the government of South Africa to end racial discrimination. In this way India has become the friend of the black people.
11. Protection of Human Rights:
India is a great supporter of human rights. India has always made great efforts that U.N. should adopt proper measures to safeguards the human rights.
12. India in Space Committee of U.N. India is a member of space committee of U.N. India has always made efforts that space should be used for world peace.
13. Restructuring the U.N. Security Council:
India has raised the question of restructuring the Security Council. Addressing the General Assembly on Sept. 26,1998 Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee proposed induction of fresh blood in the Security Council so as to make it more representative of the membership of the United Nations. The Prime Minister made a passionate plea that some developing countries should be made permanent members at par with the present members. Mr. Vajpayee also put India’s claims for a permanent seat in the Security Council.
The Secretary-General expressed appreciation of India’s role in furthering the efforts of the non-aligned movement for peace, security and development. Thus India has played a significant role in U.N.O.’s peace keeping role.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What do you mean by United Nations?
Or
When did India become the member of the U.N.O.?
Answer:
United Nations Organisation is an international organisation which was established after Second World War on October 24,1945. India is the founder member of this organisation. The United Nations represents the second major effort in the twentieth century to achieve the goal of a better world through a general international organisation of the states. U.N.O. is an association of states and its primary objective is maintenance of international peace and security. At present 193 States are the members of the United Nations.
Question 2.
Write the main objectives of United Nations.
Or
Write the main objects of U.N.O. (United Nations Organisation.)
Answer:
The aims and purposes of the United Nations as laid down in Article 1 of the Charter are as follow:
- To maintain international peace and security.
- To develop friendly relations among nations.
- To achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural and humanitarian character and to promote respect for human rights and humanitarian freedoms.
- To promote and encourage respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without any distinction of race, sex, language or region.
Question 3.
What role has India played in the United Nations in the maintenance of world peace?
Or
What role has India played in maintaining the world peace?
Answer:
The main aim of the United Nations is maintenance of international peace and security. India is a peace-loving country and India has played a very important role in the United Nations in maintaining world peace. India has given its full co¬operation to U.N. to settle international disputes such as:
1. Korean problems:
In 1950 North Korea attacked South Korea. India supported the resolution of the U.N. by which North Korea was declared the aggressor. To stop war U.N. sent forces of sixteen countries and India also participated. ,
2. Indo-China problems. Indian representatives headed the Commission appointed for the maintenance of peace in Indo-China.
3. Congo and Gaza crises. India helped U.N. to the maximum in ending theCivil War in Congo. India was substantially associated with the conversion of the United Nations’ operation in Congo from a non-military to a military force. Lt. General P. S. Gyani from India was the commander of the U.N. forces in Gaza.
4. Iran-Iraq War. India played a very important role in ending Iran-Iraq war.
Question 4.
What do you mean by United Nations? Write its main organs.
Or
When was United Nations formed? Write the names of its organs.
Answer:
Meaning of United Nation:
United Nations Organisation is an international organisation which was established after Second World War on October 24,1945. India is the founder member of this organisation. The United Nations represents the second major effort in the twentieth century to achieve the goal of a better world through a general international organisation of the states. U.N.O. is an association of states and its primary objective is maintenance of international peace and security. At present 193 States are the members of the United Nations.
Main organs of United Nations:
There are six organs of U.N-
- General Assembly
- Security Council
- The Economic and Social Council
- International Court of Justice
- Trusteeship Council
- The Secretariat.
Question 5.
What are the major organs of the United Nations?
Or
Write down names of the four organs of United Nations.
Answer:
There are six organs of the United Nations. The brief description of these organs is given below:
1. General Assembly:
General Assembly is the biggest organ of the U.N. and it consists of all the members of the U.N. At present 193 states are the members of the General Assembly. Mainly General Assembly is the deliberative body and it also approves the annual budget of the United Nations.
2. Security Council:
Security Council is mainly responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security. The Security Council is the executive body of the United Nations. At present it consists of fifteen members. Five big powers (England, U.S.A., France, Russia, China) are the permanent members of the Security Council and ten are the temporary members elected by the General Assembly for a period of two years.
3. Economic and Social Council:
Economic and Social Council consists of 54 members and they are elected by the General Assembly for a period of three years. This Council is mainly responsible for solving economic and social problems of the world.
4. Trusteeship Council:
Trusteeship Council is responsible for supervising the administration of trust territories. The Trusteeship Council consists of an equal number of administering and non-administering powers.
5. International Court of Justice:
It consists of fifteen judges who are elected by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council for nine years. International Court of Justice decides the cases between the states.
6. Secretariat:
Secretariat comprises a Secretary General and such staff as the organisation may require. Secretary General is the Chief Administrative Officer of the Secretariat.
Question 6.
Write the names of five countries having veto power in U.N.O.
Or
Write down the names of four permanent members of the Security Council of United Nations.
Answer:
The Security Council of the U.N. consists of 15 members, five of which are permanent. The permanent members are- England, France, U.S.A., Russia and People’s Republic of China. Ten members are non-permanent or temporary. These non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly for a period of two years. The permanent members of the Security Council enjoy the power of Veto. Veto power is a special power of permanent members by which they can affect the decisions of the Security Council.
Question 7.
Enumerate three main organs of the U.N which are considered to be as Legislature, Executive and Judiciary of the U.N.
Answer:
1. General Assembly:
General Assembly is the largest organ of the U.N. It can also be called world parliament, world panchayat or the legislature of the U.N. The General Assembly consists of all the members of U.N. All the deliberative functions are performed by it.
2. Security Council:
Security Council is the executive body of the U.N. consisting of 15 members, of which 5 members are permanent and 10 members are temporary. No decision can take place without the consensus of the Security Council.
3. It considers and approves the budget of U.N.O.
4. International Court of Justice:
It is the Judicial organ or the Judiciary of the U.N. It decides the disputes among different member-states of the U.N. It has 15 Judges.
Question 8.
Mention the main functions of the General Assembly.
Answer:
The General Assembly performs the following functions:
- The General Assembly can deal with all matters within the scope of the U.N. Charter.
- It considers and approves the budget of U.N.O.
- The General Assembly can call the attention of the Security Council to such situations which may endanger world peace.
- It is empowered to make suggestions for promoting international co-operation in economic, social, cultural and health fields.
Question 9.
Write the names of five countries having Veto Power in United Nations.
Answer:
- U.S.A.
- Russia,
- China,
- England
- France.
Question 10.
Write important specialised Agencies of United Nations.
Answer:
- UNESCO
- World Health Organisation (W.H.O)
- International Labour Organisation (I.LO)
- Food and Agriculture Organisation (F.A.O).
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What do you mean by United Nations?
Answer:
United Nations Organisation is an international organisation which was established after Second World War on October 24, 1945. India is the founder member of this organisation. U.N.O. is an association of states and its primary objective is maintenance of international peace and security. At present 193 States are the members of the United Nations.
Question 2.
Write two objectives of United Nations.
Answer:
The aims and purposes of the United Nations as laid down in Article 1 of the Charter are as follow:—
1. To maintain international peace and security.
2. To develop friendly relations among nations.
Question 3.
Write down the names of the principal organs of the United Nations.
Answer:
There are six organs of U.N.
- General Assembly
- Security Council
- The Economic and Social Council
- International Court of Justice
- Trusteeship Council
- The Secretariat.
Question 4.
Write the names of five countries having veto power in U.N.O.
Answer:
The Security Council of the U.N. consists of 15 members, five of which are permanent. The permanent members are-England, France, U.S.A., Russia and People’s Republic of China.
Question 5.
Mention two functions of the General Assembly.
Answer:
The General Assembly performs the following functions:
- The General Assembly can deal with all matters within the scope of the U.N. Charter.
- The General Assembly can call the attention of the Security Council to such situations which may endanger world peace.
Question 6.
When was United Nations Organisation formed? What is the number of its founder member countries?
Answer:
United Nations organisation was formed on 24th October, 1945. The number of its founder member countries was 51. India is the founder member of this organisation.
Question 7.
Write down the names of four specialised agencies of the U.N.O.
Answer:
- UNESCO
- World Health Organization (W.H.O.)
- International Labour Organization (I.L.O.)
- Food and Agriculture Organization (F.A.O.)
Question 8.
Write two organs of U.N.O. which are called respectively legislature and executive.
Answer:
- Legislature – General Assembly.
- Executive – Security Council.
One Line Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Why was U.N.O. established?
Answer:
The United Nations Organisation was established to stop wars in the world and to promote international peace and security.
Question 2.
Give any one basic principle of the United Nations.
Answer:
A basic principle of the United Nations is to establish the United Nations on the basis of equity of nations.
Question 3.
Write down any one objective of establishing the United Nations.
Answer:
The main objective of the United Nations Organisation is to maintain international peace and security.
Question 4.
Write one important specialised Agency of the United Nations.
Answer:
International Labour Organisation (I.L.O.).
Question 5.
Write names of two organs of the United Nations.
Or
Write two main organs of the United Nations.
Answer:
- General Assembly
- Security Council.
Question 6.
When was the U.N. Declaration of Human Rights adopted?
Answer:
The U.N. Declaration of Human Rights was adopted on 10 December, 1948.
Question 7.
When was United Nations founded?
Or
When was United Nations established?
Answer:
United Nations was established on 24 October, 1945.
Question 8.
How are the temporary members of the Security Council elected? Answer: The temporary members of the Security Council are elected by the General Assembly.
Question 9.
Who is the present Secretary General of the United Nations Organisation?
Answer:
The present Secretary General of the United Nations is Shri Antonio Guterres.
Question 10.
When did India become member of the United Nations?
Answer:
India became member of the U.N.O. in 1945.
Fill in The Blanks
1. India is a founder member of …………………….. .
Answer:
U.N.O.
2. U.N.O. was established in …………………….. .
Answer:
1945
3. The U.N.O. has …………………….. principal organs.
Answer:
Six
4. Security Council of …………………….. U.N.O consists of members.
Answer:
15.
True Or False Statement
1. U.N.O was established after Second World War.
Answer:
True
2. All members of the U.N.O are sovereign state.
Answer:
True
3. The U.N.O has 10 principal organs.
Answer:
False.
4. Kofi Annan is a General Secretary of U.N.O.
Answer:
False.
Choose The Correct Answer
Question 1.
India became the member of U.N.O. in:
(a) 1945
(b) 1947
(c) 1950
(d) 1960.
Answer:
(a) 1945
Question 2.
The number of nations which gathered at San Francisco to formulate U.N. Charter was:
(a) 51
(b) 49
(c) 50
(d) 52
Answer:
(a) 51
Question 3.
Who was the first Woman President of the U.N. General Assembly?
(a) Sarojini Naidu
(b) Aruna Asaf Ali
(c) Vijay Luxmi Pandit
(d) Raj Kumari Amrit Kaur.
Answer:
(c) Vijay Luxmi Pandit
Question 4.
Which one of the following is not a permanent member of U.N. Security Council?
(a) Russia
(b) India
(c) China
(d) France.
Answer:
(b) India
Question 5.
How many organs has U.N.O.?
(a) 5
(b) 6
(c) 7
(d) 8
Answer:
(b) 6