Punjab State Board PSEB 9th Class English Book Solutions English Main Course Book Chapter 1 Grooming of a Boy Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
PSEB Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Chapter 1 Grooming of a Boy
Answer the following questions in your own words:
Question 1.
All men are not just and true. Why is the author still hopeful ?
(सभी मनुष्य न्यायवान और सच्चे नहीं होते। लेखक फिर भी आशावान क्यों है ?)
Answer:
The author is hopeful because for every bad person, there is a good one also.
लेखक आशावान इसलिए है क्योंकि प्रत्येक बुरे मनुष्य के साथ-साथ वहां एक अच्छा आदमी भी है।
Question 2.
What should Lincoln’s son be steered away from ?
(लिंकन के पुत्र को किस बात से दूर ले जाया जाना चाहिए ?)
Answer:
He should be steered away from envy.
उसे ईर्ष्या से दूर ले जाया जाना चाहिए।
Question 3.
What should one never sell ?
(व्यक्ति को क्या कभी नहीं बेचना चाहिए ?)
Answer:
One should never sell one’s heart and soul.
व्यक्ति को अपने हृदय और अपनी आत्मा को कभी नहीं बेचना चाहिए।
Question 4.
Why does Lincoln not want his son to be cuddled ?
(लिंकन क्यों नहीं चाहता कि उसके बेटे को ज्यादा छाती से लगाया जाए.?)
Answer:
According to Lincoln, one becomes tough only by passing through the difficulties of life. So that is why he doesn’t want his son to be cuddled.
लिंकन के अनुसार, कोई व्यक्ति जीवन की कठिनाइयों में से गुज़र कर ही कठोर बनता है। इसी कारण से वह नहीं चाहता कि उसके पुत्र को ज़्यादा छाती से लगा कर रखा जाए।
Question 5.
How can one gain sublime faith in mankind ?
(व्यक्ति मनुष्य-जाति में उत्कृष्ट विश्वास कैसे रख सकता है ?)
Answer:
It can be done by having sublime faith in oneself also.
ऐसा स्वयं में उत्कृष्ट विश्वास रखने से भी किया जा सकता है।
Question 6.
What should one ponder about ?
(व्यक्ति को किस विषय में सोच-विचार करना चाहिए ?)
Answer:
One should ponder about the mystery of all the objects of nature.
व्यक्ति को प्रकृति के सभी पदार्थों के रहस्य के बारे में सोच-विचार करना चाहिए।
Question 7.
After listening to all the men, what should one do ?
(सभी लोगों को सुनने के पश्चात् व्यक्ति को क्या करना चाहिए ?)
Answer:
One should accept only that which is good and true.
व्यक्ति को केवल उन बातों को स्वीकार करना चाहिए जो अच्छी और सच्ची हों।
Question 8.
What should one beware of ?
(व्यक्ति को किससे बचना चाहिए ?)
Answer:
One should beware of the flatterers.
व्यक्ति को चापलूसों से बचना चाहिए।
Answer the following questions in your own words:
Question 1.
List the qualities which make a good human being.
(ऐसे गुणों की सूची बनाइए जो किसी व्यक्ति को अच्छा मानव बनाती हैं।)
Answer:
The following qualities make one a good human being : honesty, courage, patience, truthfulness, faith in oneself and faith in the goodness of mankind.
निम्नलिखित गुण व्यक्ति को एक अच्छा मानव बनाते हैं – ईमानदारी, साहस, धैर्य, सच्चाई, अपने ऊपर विश्वास तथा मानव-जाति की अच्छाई में विश्वास।
Question 2.
Make a list of the qualities you have in yourself.
(ऐसे गुणों की सूची बनाइए जो आप अपने में रखते हैं।)
Answer:
My motto of life is – ‘Do good, find good’. So I never think ill of others. I hate cruelty and dishonesty in any form.
मेरे जीवन का आदर्श उसूल है-‘कर भला, हो भला’। इसलिए मैं कभी दूसरों का बुरा नहीं सोचता हूं। मैं किसी भी रूप में निर्दयता और बेईमानी से घृणा करता हूं।
Tick (✓) the correct statements as found in the lesson text :
Question 1.
Lincoln’s son will learn that
a. all men are not just.
b. all men are not true.
Answer:
(a) ✓
(b) ✓
Question 2.
He should be taught that
a. for every scoundrel there is a hero.
b. for every selfish politician there is a dedicated leader.
c. for every success there is a failure.
d. for every enemy there is a friend.
Answer:
(a) ✓
(b) ✓
(c) ✗
(d) ✓
Question 3.
He should have faith in–
a. everyone.
b. himself.
c. his own ideas.
d. mankind.
Answer:
(a) ✗
(b) ✓
(c) ✓
(d) ✓
Textual Vocabulary & Grammar
Match the words in column A with their meanings in column B :
Answer:
1. selfish — One who is interested in self only.
2. dedicated — One who performs his duty with devotion.
3. scoundrel — One who shows no moral conscience.
4. honourable — One who is respected by all.
5. impatient – One who has no patience.
6. cynic – One who believes that everyone is bad.
7. just — One who is reasonable and fair.
Fill in the blanks with adjective forms of the following words :
honour; courage; enjoy; wonder; faith; envy
1. Mr. Satish is an ………………. man; everyone in the town respects him.
2. Do not be jealous; be ………………
3. The dog is a ………………… animal.
4. Swimming through Palk Straits was a challenge for Mihir Sen, but he was ……………… enough to attempt it.
5. The sunset in the sea presented a ………. sight.
6. Our trip was really …………….. ; we had a lot of fun.
Answer:
1. honourable
2. envious
3. faithful
4. courageous
5. wonderful
6. enjoyable.
Fill in the blanks with the words given in the box :
education; educating; little; called; demanded; requested; amount; buy; cost.
There lived a man who was very rich. He was always worried about the ………. of his son. He ……………….. a philosopher and ……………… him to take upon himself the task of educating his son. The philosopher ………………. one hundred pieces of gold for this. The rich man was surprised at the ………….. demanded and said he could …… a slave for a far smaller amount. The philosopher replied he could get a slave free of ………………. by not …………. his son, for a man without ……………. is ………………. better than a slave.
Answer:
education
called
requested
demanded
amount
buy
cost
educating
education
little.
Fill in the blanks with the passive form of the verbs to complete the following sentences :
1. There is a thief in the house; the police ……… (inform)
2. It is getting dark; the light …….. (switch on)
3. The patient is getting worse; let the doctor ……. (call)
4. We are already getting late; this letter …….. today.
5. He is in trouble; he …….. to the doctor. (take)
Answer:
1. have been informed
2. must be switched on
3. be called
4. must be posted
5. must be taken.
Fill in the blanks with the articles
a, an, the :
1. ……. small tear becomes ….. big hole in ……. same way as ……. small illness grows into ……. big disease. …… good mother does not allow ………. tear that appears on her child’s shirt to grow big. She stitches it in time. Unnecessary labour is spared if it is done before it is too late.
Answer:
A, a, the, a; a; A, the.
2. Most of us have read ……. story of ……… hare and ……. tortoise. ……. steady worker makes his mark sooner than …….. one who works by fits and starts.
Answer:
the, a, a; A, the.
3. ……. apple ……. day keeps …… doctor away. But if ……. doctor is smart, he keeps ……. apple away from you.
Answer:
An, a, the; the, the.
Put proper punctuation marks in the following passage and use capital letters wherever necessary :
After the midday meal, it was suggested that we went for a picnic to another Maori village nearby called Whatarewarewa. “What a tongue- twister !” I could not help saying. “Oh ! we call it Whaka for short,” said my host.
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions :
1. Here is the book that you had asked ……
2. The emperor ruled ……… a vast empire.
3. The clock is lying ……. the table.
4. Act according ……. my instructions.
5. Don’t loiter ……. the street.
Answer:
1. for 2. over 3. on 4. to 5. in.
Pronunciation Practice
Note the different spellings for the same sound / i: / in the following words:
Thus one can notice that there is no one-to-one correspondence between sounds and spellings in English.
Spellings (orthographic representation), therefore, are not a proper guide to correct pronunciation of words.
Now, say these words aloud:
conceive – knee – feel – each – keep
police – ski – piece – siege – beat
Creative Writing and Extended Reading
(i) Have you read any of the letters written by Pandit Jawahar Lai Nehru to his daughter indira Gandhi? Do read at least one such letter, What does Nehru want to convey in this letter?
(ii) What type of a boy or girl would you like to become? Write ten sentences in the light of your study of this lesson.
(iii) As a citizen of the world, make a list of five things you would never do.
Use Of Textual Words / Phrases
1. Scoundrel – Some students are real scoundrels.
2. Dedicated – Mrs. Raman is a dedicated teacher.
3. Bully – He was a bully; he was asked to mend his ways or leave the school.
4. Lick – He was quite tough, but we did lick him without much effort.
5. Ponder – My father pondered over the problem, but could not find a solution.
6. Eternal – True love is eternal; it never dies.
7. Scoff at – He scoffed at our foolish answers.
8. Howl – Wolves were howling in the forest.
9. Cuddle – The child cuddled her doll to her chest.
10. Courage – The soldiers showed great courage in the battlefield.
11. Sublime – The food was absolutely sublime.
Objective Type Questions
Answer the following in one word / phrase / sentence :
Question 1.
Who is the writer of the letter on which the chapter, Grooming of a Boy’, is based ?
Answer.
Abraham Lincoln.
Question 2.
Who was the letter written to ?
Answer.
To the teacher of Abraham Lincoln’s son.
Question 3.
What does Lincoln want from his son ?
Answer.
He wants him to learn good things of life.
Question 4.
What does Lincoln tell his son about victory and defeat ?
Answer.
He tells him to take both in an honourable fashion.
Question 5.
What does Lincoln think about bullies ?
Answer.
He says that the bullies are the easiest to defeat.
Question 6.
What does he say about envy ?
Answer.
He advises his son to keep away from envy.
Question 7.
Does Lincoln think that the good qualities can be learned quickly ?
Answer.
No, he says that it will take its own reasonable time.
Question 8.
What does Lincoln say about the crowd ?
Answer.
He tells his son not to follow the crowd blindly.
Question 9.
What should the son do when he is sad ?
Answer.
He should laugh away his sadness.
Question 10.
How should the boy deal with cynics ?
Answer.
The son will do well to scoff at them.
Complete the following :
1. All men are not ……………….. and ……………
2. For every enemy, there is a …………
3. For every ………………., there is a hero.
4. A dollar …………………. is better than five found.
5. The bullies are the …………………. to defeat.
6. The son should have faith in ……………….. ideas.
Answer.
1. just, true
2. friend
3. scoundrel
4. earned
5. easiest
6. his own.
Write True or False against each statement :
1. The bullies are the most difficult to defeat.
2. Envy is to be kept away from.
3. For every selfish politician, there is a dedicated leader.
4. It is much more honourable to cheat than to fail.
5. The boy should learn that there is no shame in honest tears.
6. The boy should be friends to those who speak very sweetly.
Answer.
1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. True
6. False.
Choose the correct option for each of the following:
Question 1.
Abraham Lincoln wrote the letter to ……
(a) his son
(b) his daughter
(c) his son’s teacher
(d) his friend.
Answer.
(c) his son’s teacher
Question 2.
Lincoln wants the teacher to teach his son to …….
(a) learn the ways of the world
(b) to cheat when necessary
(c) to speak sweetly
(d) to become a politician.
Answer.
(a) learn the ways of the world
Question 3.
A dollar earned is better than five ….
(a) as pocket money
(b) as a prize
(c) found somewhere
(d) pounds.
Answer.
(c) found somewhere
Question 4.
There is no …………….. in honest tears.
(a) pride
(b) ego
(c) happiness
(d) shame.
Answer.
(d) shame.
Grooming of a Boy Summary in English
Grooming of a Boy Introduction:
This chapter is an extract from a letter. It was written by Abraham Lincoln to his son’s teacher. In this letter, Lincoln wants the teacher to instill some special qualities in his son. He lists those qualities in this letter. He wants the teacher to teach his son how to behave in different situations. He wants his son to be respectful to others. Lincoln wants that his son should grow into a wise, intelligent, brave and patient person. He wants that his son should be able to decide his own path instead of following the crowd.
Grooming of a Boy Summary in English:
This chapter is an extract from a letter. The letter was written by Abraham Lincoln to his son’s teacher. In this letter, Lincoln lists some of the things he wants the teacher to teach his son :
The boy should be taught that all men are not just, and all men are not true. But it is also true that for every scoundrel, there is a hero. For every selfish politician, there is a dedicated leader. For every enemy, there is a friend. He should learn that a dollar earned is of far more value than five found. He should learn to take his defeat as well as victory in an honourable fashion. He should keep away from envy. He should learn the secret of soft laughter. He should learn that the bullies’ are the easiest to defeat.
He should learn about the wonderful world of books, but he should also find time to think about the beauties and mysteries of nature. He should learn that it is far more honourable to fail than to cheat. He should have faith in his own ideas, even if everyone tells him they are wrong. He should learn to be gentle with the gentle, and tough with the tough. He should not follow the crowd or the beaten path of success. He should have the strength to decide his own path. He should listen to all men, but should be able to sift the good from the bad. He should accept only what is good.
He should learn to laugh even when he is sad. He should learn that there is no shame in honest tears. He should learn to scoff at cynics and to beware of those who speak too sweetly. He should learn that he could charge the highest price for his body and mind, but he should never sell his heart and soul. He should not listen to the howling mob. If he thinks he is right, he should stand firmly and fight bravely.
He should always have sublime faith in himself because only then he can have sublime faith in mankind. He should have the courage to be impatient and the patience to be brave. At the end, Lincoln tells the teacher that he should treat his son gently, but he shouldn’t cuddle him. He says that only the test of fire makes fine steel. Lincoln calls his son a fine little fellow’. Lincoln knows that it is a big task for the teacher to make his son what he wants him to be. But he requests the teacher to do what he can in this respect.
Grooming of a Boy Summary in Hindi
Grooming of a Boy Introduction:
यह पत्र अब्राहम लिंकन ने अपने पुत्र के अध्यापक को लिखा था। इस पत्र में लिंकन कुछ विशेष गुणों का उल्लेख करता है जो वह चाहता है कि उसके पुत्र का अध्यापक लड़के में भर दे। वह चाहता है कि अध्यापक उसके पुत्र को विभिन्न परिस्थितियों में और विभिन्न व्यक्तियों के प्रति उपयुक्त व्यवहार करना सिखाए। लिंकन चाहता है कि उसका पुत्र बड़ा होकर बुद्धिमान, योग्य, वीर, धीर और पारखी व्यक्ति बने। वह चाहता है कि उसका पुत्र भीड़ के पीछे चलने की बजाय अपना रास्ता स्वयम् ही बनाए।
Grooming of a Boy Summary in Hindi:
पाठ का विस्तृत सार इस लेख में वह पत्र दिया गया है जो अब्राहम लिंकन ने अपने पुत्र के अध्यापक को लिखा था। इस पत्र में लिंकन उन कुछ बातों का उल्लेख करता है जो वह चाहता है कि अध्यापक ‘उसके पुत्र को सिखलाए
लड़के को यह सिखाया जाए कि सभी लोग न्यायवान् नहीं होते तथा सभी लोग सच्चे नहीं होते। किन्तु यह भी सत्य है कि प्रत्येक दुष्ट व्यक्ति के बदले एक सज्जन भी होता है, एक स्वार्थी राजनीतिज्ञ के बदले एक समर्पित नेता भी होता है, तथा एक शत्रु के बदले एक मित्र भी होता है। उसे यह सीखना चाहिए कि मेहनत से कमाए गए एक डॉलर की कीमत उन पाँच डॉलरों से कहीं अधिक होती है जो वैसे ही मिल गए हों। उसे अपनी हार तथा विजय दोनों को ही एक सम्मानपूर्ण ढंग से लेना सीखना चाहिए। उसे ईर्ष्या से दूर रहना चाहिए।
उसे कोमलतापूर्वक हँसने का रहस्य सीखना चाहिए। उसे सीखना चाहिए कि धौंसिया लोगों को हराना सबसे आसान होता है। उसे पुस्तकों के अद्भुत संसार के बारे में जानना चाहिए किन्तु उसे प्रकृति की सुन्दरताओं अथवा रहस्यों के बारे में सोचने का समय भी निकालना चाहिए।
उसे यह सीखना चाहिए कि धोखा देने की अपेक्षा हारना कहीं अधिक सम्मानपूर्ण होता है। उसे अपने विचारों में विश्वास रखना सीखना चाहिए यद्यपि हर कोई यह कह रहा हो कि उसके विचार गलत हैं।
Grooming of a Boy Translation in Hindi
(Page 1) Abraham Lincoln’s ……. he is right.
कठिन शब्दार्थ-1. scoundrel – दुष्ट व्यक्ति ; 2. dedicated – वफ़ादार ; 3. steer – मार्गदर्शन करना ; 4. envy – ईर्ष्या ; 5. bullies – धौंसिया लोग ; 6. lick – हराना ; 7. ponder – ध्यानपूर्वक सोचना ; 8. eternal – अनन्त, शाश्वत ; 9. getting on the bandwagon – सफल होने की आशा में दूसरों के पीछेपीछे चल पड़ना ; 10. scoff – उपहास करना ; 11. cynics – मानव-द्वेषी ; 12. brawn – शक्तिशाली शरीर ; 13. howling – शोर मचाती हुई, चीखती-चिल्लाती हुई।
Text
[Abraham Lincoln’s son is at school. Lincoln writes a letter to his son’s teacher requesting him to mould the boy in such a way that he grows up to be a good human being. What are the qualities which make one a good human being ?]
The Letter
He will have to learn, I know, that all men are not just, all men are not true. But teach him also that for every scoundrel,’ there is a hero; that for every selfish politician, there is a dedicated leader. Teach him that for every enemy there is a friend. It will take time, I know; but teach him, if you can, that a dollar earned is of far more value than five found. Teach him to learn to lose and also to enjoy winning. Steer him away from envy; if you can, teach him the secret of quiet laughter.
Let him learn early that the bullies are the easiest to lick. Teach him, if you can, the wonder of books. But also give him quiet time to ponder the eternal mystery of birds in the sky, bees in the sun, and flowers on a green hillside.
In school, teach him it is far more honourable to fail than to cheat. Teach him to have faith in his own ideas, even if everyone tells him they are wrong. Teach him to be gende with the gende, and tough with the tough. ’
Try to give my son the strength not to follow the crowd when everyone is getting on the bandwagon. Teach him to listen to all men; but teach him also to filter all that he hears on a screen of truth, and take only the good that comes through. Teach him, if you can, how to laugh when he is sad. Teach him there is no shame in tears.
Teach him to scoff at cynics and to beware of too much sweetness. Teach him to sell his brawn and brain to the highest bidders, but never to put a price tag on his heart and soul. Teach him to close his ears to a howling mob and to stand and fight, if he thinks he is right
अनुवाद
[अब्राहम लिंकन का बेटा एक स्कूल में पढ़ता है। लिंकन अपने बेटे के अध्यापक को यह प्रार्थना करते हुए एक पत्र लिखता है कि वह उसके लड़के को ऐसे रूप में ढाल दे कि वह बड़ा होकर एक अच्छा इन्सान बने। वे कौन से गुण हैं जो मनुष्य को एक अच्छा इन्सान बनाते हैं|
पत्र
मैं जानता हूँ उसे यह जानना सीखना होगा, कि सभी लोग न्यायप्रिय नहीं होते, सभी लोग सच्चे नहीं होते। किन्तु उसे यह भी सिखाइए कि प्रत्येक दुष्ट के मुकाबले में एक सज्जन व्यक्ति भी होता है; कि प्रत्येक स्वार्थी राजनीतिज्ञ के बदले वहाँ एक समर्पित नेता भी होता है। उसे यह सिखाइए कि प्रत्येक शत्रु के मुकाबले में वहाँ एक मित्र भी होता है। मैं जानता हूँ कि ऐसा करने में समय लगेगा किन्तु यदि आप ऐसा कर सकें तो उसे यह सिखाइए कि अर्जित किए गए एक डॉलर की कीमत कहीं मिले हुए पाँच डॉलरों से कहीं अधिक होती है। उसे हारना सिखाइए और जीत में से आनन्द प्राप्त कर लेना भी। उसे ईर्ष्या से दूर ले जाइए; यदि आप ऐसा कर सकें तो उसे शान्तिपूर्ण हँसी का रहस्य सिखाइए।
उसे यह शुरू में ही सिखा दीजिए कि धौसिया लोगों को हराना सबसे आसान होता है। यदि आप ऐसा कर सकें, तो उसे सिखाइए कि पुस्तकों का संसार कितना अद्भुत होता है। किन्तु उसे आकाश में उड़ने वाले पक्षियों, सूर्य की रोशनी में चमकने वाली मधुमक्खियों तथा हरी-हरी पहाड़ियों की ढलानों पर उगे हुए फूलों के शाश्वत् रहस्य के बारे में सोचने के लिए भी शान्तिपूर्ण समय दीजिए।
स्कूल में उसे यह सिखाइए कि धोखा देने की बजाए फेल होना कहीं अधिक सम्मान की बात होती है। उसे अपने विचारों में भरोसा रखना सिखाइए, यद्यपि उसे हर कोई यह कह रहा हो कि वे (विचार) गलत हैं। उसे विनम्र लोगों के प्रति विनम्र और कठोर लोगों के प्रति कठोर बनना सिखाइए। मेरे पुत्र को यह शक्ति देने का यत्न कीजिए कि वह भीड़ के पीछे न चले जब हर कोई सफलता की गाड़ी पर चढ़ने की कोशिश कर रहा हो। उसे सभी लोगों की बात सुनना सिखाइए; किन्तु उसे यह भी सिखाएं कि वह अपने द्वारा सुनी गई सब बातों को सत्य-रूपी छलनी में से छानकर देखे तथा उसमें से जो अच्छाई निकल कर आए, केवल उसे ही ग्रहण करे।
यदि आप ऐसा कर सकें, तो उसे यह सिखाइए कि कैसे हँसा जाता है जब वह उदास हो। उसे सिखाइए कि आँसुओं में कोई लज्जा वाली बात नहीं होती है। उसे मानव-द्वेषियों की खिल्ली उड़ाना तथा अत्यन्त मीठे लोगों से बचकर रहना सिखाइए। उसे कहिए कि अपना दिमाग और बाहुबल सबसे ऊंची बोली लगाने वालों को बेचे, किन्तु अपने दिल और आत्मा की कभी कोई कीमत न रखे। उसे चीखने-चिल्लाने वाली भीड़ के प्रति अपने कान बन्द रखना सिखाइए तथा खड़े रहकर मुकाबला करना सिखाइए, यदि वह यह समझे कि वह न्याय के रास्ते पर है।
(Page 2) Treat him gently… ………. my son !
कठिन शब्दार्थ-1. cuddle – गले लगाना ; 2. courage – साहस ; 3. impatient – अधीर, व्यग्र ; 4. sublime – उत्तम ; 5. order – मांग।
Treat him gently, but do not cuddle him, because only the test of fire makes fine steel. Let him have the courage to be impatient; let him have the patience to be brave. Teach him always to have sublime faith in himself, because then he will always have sublime faith in mankind. This is a big order, but see what you can do. He is such a fine little fellow, my son !
अनुवाद
उसके साथ कोमलतापूर्वक व्यवहार कीजिए परन्तु उसे ज्यादा छाती से लगाकर मत रखिए क्योंकि केवल | आग में से गुजरने से ही बढ़िया फौलाद बनता है। उसे अधीर बने रहने का साहस दीजिए; उसे वीर बने रहने का धैर्य दीजिए। उसे यह सिखाइए कि स्वयं | में सदा उत्कृष्ट विश्वास रखे क्योंकि तब वह मानव जाति में सदा उत्कृष्ट विश्वास रखेगा।, यह एक बहुत ऊँची माँग है किन्तु आप देख लें कि आप इस सम्बन्ध में क्या कर सकते हैं। वह एक कितना बढ़िया छोटा-सा बालक है, मेरा पुत्र !
