Bhagya

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 15 Introduction to Graphs Ex 15.1 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 15 Introduction to Graphs Ex 15.1

1. The following graph shows the temperature of a patient in a hospital, recorded every hour:

Question (a)
What was the patient’s temperature at 1 p.m.?
Solution:
The patient’s temperature at 1 p.m. was 36.5 °C.

Question (b)
When was the patient’s temperature 38.5 °C?
Solution:
The patient’s temperature was 38.5 °C at 12 noon.

Question (c)
The patient’s temperature was the same two times during the period given. What were these two times?
Solution:
The patient’s temperature was same (36.5 °C) at 1 p.m. and 2 p.m.

Question (d)
What was the temperature at 1:30 p.m.? How did you arrive at your answer?
Solution:
The patient’s temperature at 1:30 p.m. was 36.5 °C.
(The temperature did not change during interval of 1 p.m. and 2 p.m. So the temperature did not show any change and it was 36.5 °C at 1:30 p.m.)

Question (e)
During which periods did the patients’ temperature showed an upward trend?
Solution:
The patient’s temperature showed an upward trend during the periods 9 a.m. to 10 a.m., 10 a.m. to 11a.m. and 2 p.m. to 3 p.m., because the temperature increased during these intervals.

2. The following line graph shows the yearly sales figures for a manufacturing company:

Question (a)
What were the sales in (i) 2002 (ii) 2006?
Solution:
1. The sales in the year 2002 was ₹ 4 crores.
2. The sales in the year 2006 was ₹ 8 crores.

Question (b)
What were the sales in (i) 2003 (ii) 2005?
Solution:
1. The sales in the year 2003 was ₹ 7 crores.
2. The sales in the year 2005 was ₹ 10 crores.

Question (c)
Compute the difference between the sales in 2002 and 2006.
Solution:
The difference between the sales in 2002 and 2006 = ₹ (8 – 4) crore
= ₹ 4 crores

Question (d)
In which year was there the greatest difference between the sales as compared to its previous year?
Solution:
In year 2005, there was the greatest difference between the sales as compared to its previous year.

3. For an experiment in Botany, two different plants, plant A and plant B were grown under similar laboratory conditions. Their heights were measured at the end of each week for 3 weeks. The results are shown by the following graph:

Question (a)
How high was Plant A after
1. 2 weeks
2. 3 weeks?
Solution:
1. The plant A was 7 cm high after 2 weeks.
2. The plant A was 9 cm high after 3 weeks.

Question (b)
How high was Plant B after
1. 2 weeks
2. 3 weeks?
Solution:
1. The plant B was 7 cm high after 2 weeks.
2. The plant B was 10 cm high after 3 weeks.

Question (c)
How much did Plant A grow during the 3rd week?
Solution:
Plant A grew (9 cm – 7 cm) = 2 cm during 3rd week.

Question (d)
How much did Plant B grow from the end of the 2nd week to the end of the 3rd week?
Solution:
The plant B grew (10cm-7cm) = 3 cm from the end of 2nd week to the end of 3rd week.

Question (e)
During which week did Plant A grow most?
Solution:
The growth of the plant A During the 1st week = 2 cm – 0 cm = 2 cm
During the 2nd week = 7 cm – 2 cm = 5 cm
During the 3rd week = 9 cm – 7 cm = 2 cm
Thus, during the 2nd week, the plant A grew the most.

Question (f)
During which week did Plant B grow least?
Solution:
The growth of the plant B.
During the 1st week = 1cm – 0 cm
= 1 cm
During the 2nd week = 7 cm – 1 cm
= 6 cm
During the 3rd week = 10 cm-7 cm
= 3 cm
Thus, the plant B grew the least in the first week.

Question (g)
Were the two plants of the same height during any week shown here? Specify.
Solution:
At the end of 2nd week, both the plants were of the same height, that is 7 cm.

4. The following graph shows the temperature forecast and the actual temperature for each day of a week.

Question (a)
On which days was the forecast temperature the same as the actual temperature?
Solution:
The forecast temperature was the same as the actual temperature on Tuesday, Friday and Sunday.

Question (b)
What was the maximum forecast temperature during the week?
Solution:
The maximum forecast temperature during the week was 35 °C.

Question (c)
What was the minimum actual temperature during the week?
Solution:
The minimum actual temperature during the week was 15 °C.

Question (d)
On which day did the actual temperature differ the most from the forecast temperature?
Solution:
On Thursday, the actual temperature differed the most from the forecast temperature (7.5 °C).

Difference of temperature:

• Monday : 17.5 °C – 15 °C = 2.5 °C
• Tuesday : 20 °C – 20 °C = o°c
• Wednesday : 30 °C – 25 °C = 5°C
• Thursday : 22.5 °C – 15 °C = 7.5 °C
• Friday : 15 °C – 15 °C = o°c
• Saturday : 30 °C – 25 °C = 5°C
• Sunday : 35 °C – 35 °C = o°c

5. Use the tables below to draw linear graphs:

Question (a)
The number of days a hillside city received snow in different years:

Year	2003	2004	2005	2006
Days	8	10	5	12

Solution:
Linear graph to show snowfall in different years:

Question (b)
Population (in thousands) of men and women in a village in different years:

Year	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
Number of Men	12	12.5	13	13.2	13.5
Number of Women	11.3	11.9	13	13.6	12.8

Solution:
Draw two perpendicular lines on the graph paper. Take year along X-axis (horizontal line) and population (in thousand) along Y-axis (vertical line).
For men: Mark the points (2003, 12), (2004, 12.5); (2005, 13); (2006, 13.2) and (2007, 13.5) and join them.
For women: Mark the points (2003, 11.3); (2004, 11.9); (2005, 13); (2006, 13.6) and (2007, 12.8) and join them.

6. A courier cycles from a town to a neighboring suburban area to deliver a parcel to a merchant. His distance from the town at different times is shown by the following graph:

Question (a)
What is the scale taken for the time axis?
Solution:
The time is taken along the X-axis. The scale along X-axis is 4 units = 1 hour.

Question (b)
How much time did the person take for the travel?
Solution:
Total travel time taken by a courier : = 8:00 am to 11:30 am = 3\(\frac {1}{2}\) hours

Question (c)
How far is the place of the merchant from the town?
Solution:
Distance of the merchant from the town is 22 km.

Question (d)
Did the person stop on his way? Explain.
Solution:
Yes, the stopage time = 10:00 am to 10:30 am. This is indicated by the horizontal part of the graph.

Question (e)
During which period did he ride fastest?
Solution:
He rode fastest between 8:00 am and 9:00 am.

7. Can there be a time-temperature graph as follows? Justify your answer.

Solution:
In case of (iii), the graph shows different number of temperatures at the same time which is not possible.
∴ Case (iii) does not represent a time-temperature graph.

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals InText Questions and Answers.

PSEB 8th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals InText Questions

Try These (Textbook Page No. 43)

Take a regular hexagon Fig 3.10.

Question 1.
What is the sum of the measures of its exterior angles x, y, z, p, q r?
Solution:
∠x + ∠y + ∠z + ∠p + ∠q + ∠r = 360°
(∵ Sum of exterior angles of a polygon = 360°)

Question 2.
Is x = y = z = p = q = r ? Why?
Solution:
Since, all the sides of the polygon are equal, it is a regular hexagon. So its interior angles are equal.
∴ x = (180° – a), y = (180° – a),
z = (180° – a), p = (180° – a),
q = (180° – a), r = (180° – a)
∴ x = y = z = p = q = r

Question 3.
What is the measure of each ?
(i) exterior angle
(ii) interior angle
Solution:
(i) x + y + z + p + q + r = 360°
(∵ Sum of exterior angles = 360°)
All angles are equal.
∴ Measure of each exterior angle = \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{6}\) = 60°

(ii) Exterior angle = 60°
∴ Interior angle = 180° – 60° = 120°.

Question 4.
Repeat this activity for the cases of:
(i) a regular octagon
(ii) a regular 20-gon
Solution:
(i) In a regular octagon, number of sides (n) = 8.
∴ Each exterior angle = \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{8}\) = 45°
∴ Each interior angle = 180° – 45° = 135°

(ii) For a regular 20-gon, the number of sides (n) = 20.
∴ Each exterior angle = \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{20}\) = 18°
∴ Each interior angle = 180° – 18° = 162°

Try These (Textbook Page No. 47)

Question 1.
Take two identical set squares with angles 30°-60°-90° and place them adjacently to form a parallelogram as shown in figure. Does this help you to verify the above property ?

Solution:
Yes, the given figure helps us to verify that opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal.

Try These (Textbook Page No. 48)

Question 1.

Solution:
Yes, this figure also helps us to confirm that opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal.

Think, Discuss and Write (Textbook Page No. 50)

Question 1.
After showing m∠R = m∠N = 70°, can you find m∠I and m∠G by any other method ?
Solution:

Yes, without using the property of parallelogram, we can find m∠I and m∠G.
m∠R = m∠N = 70° (Given)
RG || IN, the transversal RI intersecting them,
∴ m∠R + m∠I = 180° (Sum of interior angles is 180°)
∴ 70° + m∠I = 180° (∵ m∠R = m∠N = 70°)
∴ m∠I = 180° – 70°
∴ m∠I = 110°
Similarly, m∠G = 110°

Think, Discuss and Write (Textbook Page No. 56)

Question 1.
A mason has made a concrete slab. He needs it to be rectangular. In what different ways can he make sure that it is rectangular?
Solution :
He can make sure that it is rectangular using the following different ways :

• By making opposite sides of equal length.
• By keeping each angle at the corners as 90°.
• By keeping the diagonals of equal length.
• By making opposite sides parallel.

Question 2.
A square was defined as a rectangle with all sides equal. Can we define it as rhombus with equal angles? Explore this idea.
Solution:
Yes, because a rhombus becomes a square if its all angles are equal.

Question 3.
Can a trapezium have all angles equal ?
Can it have all sides equal ? Explain.
Solution:
Yes, a trapezium can have all angles equal. In this case, it becomes a square or rectangle.
Yes, it can have all sides equal. In this case, it becomes a rhombus or square.

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals Ex 3.4 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals Ex 3.4

Question 1.
State whether True or False:
(a) All rectangles are squares.
(b) All rhombuses are parallelograms.
(c) All squares are rhombuses and also rectangles.
(d) All squares are not parallelograms.
(e) All kites are rhombuses.
(f) All rhombuses are kites.
(g) All parallelograms are trapeziums.
(h) All squares are trapeziums.
Solution :
(a) False
(b) True
(c) True
(d) False
(e) False
(f) False
(g) False
(h) False

Question 2.
Identify all the quadrilaterals that have:
(a) four sides of equal length
(b) four right angles
Solution:
(a) Squares as well as rhombuses have four sides of equal length.
(b) Squares as well as rectangles have four right angles.

Question 3.
Explain how a square is
(i) a quadrilateral
(ii) a parallelogram
(iii) a rhombus
(iv) a rectangle
Solution:
(i) A square is a four sided closed figure, so it is a quadrilateral.
(ii) The opposite sides of a square are equal and parallel, so it is a parallelogram.
(iii) All the sides of a square are equal, so it is a rhombus.
(iv) Each angle of a square is a right angle, so it is a rectangle.

Question 4.
Name the quadrilaterals whose diagonals:
(i) bisect each other
(ii) are perpendicular bisectors of each other
(iii) are equal
Solution:
(i) The diagonals of the following quadrilaterals bisect each other :

• Parallelogram
• Rectangle
• Square
• Rhombus

(ii) The diagonals of the following quadrilaterals are perpendicular bisectors of each other :

• Square
• Rhombus

(iii) The diagonals are equal in following quadrilaterals :

• Square
• Rectangle

Question 5.
Explain why a rectangle is a convex quadrilateral.
Solution:

• All the angles have measure less than 180°.
• Both diagonals lie wholly in the interior of the rectangle.

∴ The rectangle is a convex quadrilateral.

Question 6.
ABC is a right angled triangle and O is the midpoint of the side opposite to the right angle. Explain why O is equidistant from A, B and C. (The dotted lines are drawn additionally to help you).

Solution:
Produce \(\frac {1}{2}\) to D such that BO = OD.
Joining \(\frac {1}{2}\) and \(\frac {1}{2}\), we get a □ ABCD.
AO = OC (Given)
BO = OD (Constration)
∴ The diagonals AC and BD bisect each other.
∴ □ ABCD is a parallelogram.
∠B is a right angle. (Given)
∴ □ ABCD is a rectangle.
∴ BO = OD = AO = OC
∴ Point O is equidistant from points A, B and C.

Punjab State Board PSEB 5th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 6 Measurement Ex 6.7 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 5 Maths Chapter 6 Measurement Ex 6.7

1. Find the difference :

Question 1.
8 hours 30 min and 2 hours 10 min
Solution:

Question 2.
10 hours 30 min 20 sec and 8 hours 20 min 15 sec
Solution:

Question 3.
11 years 5 months and 6 years
Solution:

Question 4.
7 years 2 months and 3 years
Solution:

Note, ∵ 1 year = 12 months
∴ 12 months + 2 months = 14 months

2. Find the Time :

Question 1.
4 hours before 5:30 pm
Solution:
4 hours before 5:30 pm
4 hours = 30 minutes + 3 hours + 30 minutes
30 minutres before 5:30 pm = 5.00 pm
3 hours before 5:00 pm = 2:00 pm
30 minutes before 2:00 pm = 1:30 pm

Question 2.
2 hours after 11:00 am
Solution:
2 hours after 11:00 am
1 hour after 11:00 am = 12:00 noon
1 hour after 12:00 noon =1:00 pm
Second method :
2 hours after 11:00 am

i.e. 12:00 +1:00
= 1:00 pm

Question 3.
6 hours before 4:30 am
Solution:
6 hours before 4:30 am
6 hours = 30 minutes + 4 hours + 1 hour + 30 minutes
30 minutes before 4:30 am = 4:00 am
4 hours before 4:00 am = 12:00 mid night
1 hour before 12:00 mid night = 11:00 pm

Question 4.
1 hour 45 min after 8:30 am
Solution:
1 hour 45 min after 8:30 am
1 hour 45 minutes = 30 minutes + 1 hour + 15 minutes
30 minutes after 8:30 am = 9:00 am
1 hour after 9:00 am = 10: 00 am
15 minutes after 10:00 am = 10:15 am

3. Find the Time Gap :

Question 1.
From 3:00 am to 10:00 am
Solution:
Time gap from 3:00 am to 10:00 am = 7 hour

Question 2.
From 6:00 am to 1:30 pm
Solution:
Time gap from 6:00 am to 1:30 pm
Time gap between 6:00 am to 12:00 noon = 6 hours
Time gap from 12:00 noon to 1:00 pm = 1 hour
Time gap from 1:00 pm to 1:30 pm = 30 minutes
Hence, time gap from 6:00 am to 1:30 pm = 7 hours 30 minutes

Second Method :
1:30 pm = 1:30 + 12:00 = 13:30 o’clock
Time gap from 6:00 am to 1:30 pm

Question 3.
From 5:00 am to 10:45 pm
Solution:
Time gap from 5:00 pm to 10:45 pm
Time gap from 5:00 pm to 10:00 pm = 5 hours
Time gap from 10:00 pm to 10:45 pm = 45 minutes
Hence, time gap from 5:00 to 10:45 pm = 5 hours 45 minutes

Question 4.
From 9:00 am to 2:30 am (next morning)
Solution:
Time gap from 9:00 pm to 2:30 am (next morning)
Time gap from 9:00 pm to 12:00 mid night = 3 hours
Time gap from 12:00 mid night to 2:00 am = 2 hours
Time gap from 2:00 am to 2:30 am = 30 minutes
Hence, time gap from 9:00 pm to 2:30 am (next morning) = 5 hours 30 minutes

Question 4.
A bank opens at 9:30 am and closes at 5:00 pm. How many working hours are there ?
Solution:
Time gap from 9:30 am to 10:00 am
= 30 minutes Time gap from 10:00 am to 12:00 noon = 2 hours
Time gap from 12:00 noon to 5:00 pm = 5 hours
Hence, time gap from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm = 7 hours 30 minutes
Therefore, working hours of the bank = 7 hours 30 minutes

Question 5.
A bus starts from Chandigarh at 7:30 am and reaches Shimla at 10:50 am. How much time is taken by the bus to reach Shimla ?
Solution:
Time gap from 7:30 am to 8:00 am = 30 minutes
Time gap from 8:00 am to 10:00 am = 2 hours
Time gap from 10:00 am to 10:50 am = 50 minutes
Time gap from 7:30 am to 10:50 am
= 30 minutes + 2 hours + 50 minutes
= 2 hours + 80 minutes
= 2 hours + 60 minutes + 20 minutes
= 2 hours + 1 hour + 20 minutes
= 3 hours 20 minutes
Therefore, time taken by the bus to reach Shimla = 3 hours 20 minutes

Second Method :
The time at which the bus reaches Shimla = 10:50 am
The time at which the bus starts from Chandigarh = 7:30 am
= 3:20 hours
The time taken by bus to reach Shimla = 3 hours 20 min.

Question 6.
A boy goes to school at 7:30 am and returns back from school at 2:45 pm. How much time does he spend in the school ?
Solution:
The time when the boy goes to school = 7:30 am
The time when the boy returns back = 2.45 am
The time gap from 7:30 am to 8:00 am = 30 minutes
The time gap from 8:00 am to 12:00 noon = 4 hours
The time gap from 12:00 noon to 2:00 pm = 2 hours
The time gap from 2:00 pm to 2:45 pm = 45 minutes
Total time
= 30 minutes + 6 hours + 45 minutes
= 6 hours + 75 minutes = 6 hours + 60 minutes + 15 minutes
= 6 hours + 1 hour + 15 minutes
= 7 hours 15 minutes
Therefore, time spent in the school = 7 hours 15 minutes

Second Method :
2:45 pm = 2:45 + 12:00 = 14:45 o’clock
The time when the boy returns back = 14:45 o’clock
The time when the boy goes to school = 7:30 o’clock
The time spent in the school by boy

= 7 hours 15 minutes

Punjab State Board PSEB 5th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 2 Fundamental Operations on Numbers Ex 2.5 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 5 Maths Chapter 2 Fundamental Operations on Numbers Ex 2.5

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks:

(a) 451 × 1 = ____
Solution:
451 × 1 = 451

(b) 8135 × 10 = _____
Solution:
8135 × 10 = 81350

(c) 650 × 100 = _____
Solution:
650 × 100 = 65000

(d) 3090 × 0 = _____
Solution:
3090 × 0 = 0

(e) 129 × _____ = 12900
Solution:
129 × 100 = 12900

(f) _____ × 1000 = 13000
Solution:
13 × 1000 = 13000

(g) _____ × 791 = 0
Solution:
0 × 791 = 0

(h) _____ × 82 = 82 × 602
Solution:
602 × 82 = 82 × 602

(i) 8414 × 10 = _____
Solution:
8414 × 10 = 84140

(j) 67 × 100 = _____
Solution:
67 × 100 = 6700

(k) 91 × 1000 = _____
Solution:
91 × 1000 = 91000

(l) 100 × 1000 = _____
Solution:
100 × 1000 = 100000

(m) 545 × _____ = 5450
Solution:
545 × 10 = 5450

(n) _____ × 10 = 7060
Solution:
706 × 10 = 7060

(o) 798 × _____ = 798
Solution:
798 × 1 = 798

Punjab State Board PSEB 5th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 3 HCF and LCM Ex 3.1 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 5 Maths Chapter 3 HCF and LCM Ex 3.1

Question 1.
Write the first five multiples of the following numbers :
(a) 5
(b) 9
(c) 10
(d) 12
(e) 16
(f) 17
Solution:
(a) Multiples of 5 = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25
(b) Multiples of 9 = 9, 18, 27, 36, 45
(c) Multiples of 10 = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
(d) Multiples of 12 = 12, 24, 36, 48, 60
(e) Multiples of 16 = 16, 32,48, 64, 80
(f) Multiples of 17 = 17, 34, 51, 68, 85

Question 2.
Find the factors of the given numbers :

Solution:
(a) 1, 5
(b) 1, 2, 4, 8
(c) 1, 2, 7, 14
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
(e) 1, 5, 25
(f) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36

Question 3.
Write the factors of the following numbers :
(a) 18
(b) 24
(c) 35
(d) 36
(e) 45
(f) 21
Solution:
(a) 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
(b) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
(c) 1, 5, 7, 35
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36
(e) 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, 45
(f) 1, 3, 7, 21.

Question 4.
Find out the even numbers from the following :

Solution:
(a) 12, 34, 16, 28
(b) 48, 72, 90
(c) 450, 568, 664, 98
(d) 456, 968, 604, 888
(e) 136, 446, 1278
(f) 168, 5864.

Question 5.

Solution:
(a) 11, 23, 19, 35
(b) 45, 69, 97
(c) 451, 215, 789, 983
(d) 237, 739
(e) 631, 135, 249, 1279, 2851
(f) 49, 765, 1729, 9261, 6859.

Question 6.
Fill in the blanks :
(a) If 4 × 9 = 36 then factors of 36 are …….. and ………
(b) If 8 × 7 = 56 then factors of 56 are ……… and ……….
(c) If 3 × 5 × 6 = 90 then factors of 90 are ……., ……. and …….
(d) If 8 × 10 = 80, the multiple of 8 and 10 is ……….
(e) If 2 × 3 × 5 = 30, then 30, is the multiple of …….., ………. and ……..
Solution:
(a) 4, 9
(b) 8, 7
(c) 3, 5, 6
(d) 80
(e) 2, 3, 5.

Question 7.
Write True or False:

(a) 24 is a factor of 24. ____
(b) 2 is a factor of every number. ____
(c) 24 is an even number. ____
(d) 136 is an odd number. ____
(e) There are infinite multiples of a number. ____
(f) 36 is a multiple of 5 and 7. ____
(g) Sum of two even numbers is an odd number. ____
(h) Smallest even number is 0. ____
(i) 152 is an odd number. ____
(j) There are five single digit even numbers. ____
Solution:
(a) True
(b) False
(c) True
(d) False
(e) True
(f) False
(g) False
(h) False
(i) False
(j) False

Question 8.
Observe the Factorisation Pattern and complete :

Solution:

Question 9.
Look at the pattern and solve:

Solution:

Question 10.
Understand and complete the following:

Answer:

Punjab State Board PSEB 5th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 7 Geometry Ex 7.3 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 5 Maths Chapter 7 Geometry Ex 7.3

Question 1.
Circle the symmetrical figures of the following :

Solution:
Symmetrical figure : Aeroplane.

Question 2.
Draw symmetry line in the following :

Solution:

3. Draw line of symmetry of the following:

Question 1.

Solution:

Question 2.

Solution:

Question 3.

Solution:

Question 4.

Solution:

Question 5.

Solution:

Question 6.

Solution:

Question 4.
Complete the figure, if dotted line is a line of symmetry :

Solution:

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class English Book Solutions English Dialogue Writing Exercise Questions and Answers, Notes.

PSEB 8th Class English Dialogue Writing

1. Imagine you went on tour during the holidays. A friend of yours wanted to know all about your tour. Both of you will ask and answer the questions asked during die conversation. The beginning of the Conversation is given. You will start with the given conversation ami then continue.

1. Friend : When did you go on the true ?
You : I went on the tour on Monday.
2. Friend : How may boys were you ?
You : We were ‘twenty boys.
3. Friend : Who was the incharge of the tour ?
You : Sh. Sohan Singh was the incharge of the tour.
4. Friend : …………………
You : We left for Delhi by train.
5. Friend : …………………
You : We stayed there for two days.
6. Friend : …………………
You : Yes, there are many places worth-seeing in Delhi.
7. Friend : …………………
You : We went to see The Taj at Agra.
8. Friend : …………………
You : It was built by Shah Jahan.
9. Friend : …………………
You : It is considered one of the wonders of the world.
10. Friend : …………………
You : Shah Jahan built it in the memory of his wifi.
Answer:
1. When did you go on the tour ?
2. How many boys were you ?
3. Who was the incharge of the tour ?
4. How did you leave for Delhi ?
5. How long did you stay there ?
6. Are there any places worth seeing in Delhi ?
7. Why did you go to Agra ?
8. Who built it ?
9. Why is the Taj so famous ?
10. In whose memory did Shah Jahan build the Taj ?

2. Imagine you went to the railway station to see off a friend. Your brother wanted to know what you saw there. Both of you wilrask and answer the question during the conversation. Now write the dialogue between you and your brother.

1. Brother : …………………
You : I went to see offz friend.
2. Brother : …………………
You : We went there in a tonga.
3. Brother : …………………
You : There was a great rush at the booking-window.
4. Brother : …………………
You : There was a great rush at the platform also.
5. Brother : …………………
You : People were walking up and doum the platform.
6. Brother : …………………
You : The porters were moving to and fro.
7. Brother : …………………
You : Wehad to wait for only ten minutes.
8. Brother : …………………
You : The train arrived in time.
9. Brother : …………………
You : My friend got a seat near the window.
10. Brother : …………………
You : I came back after the departure of the train.
Answer:
1. Why did you go to the railway station ?
2. How did you go there ?
3. Where was a great rush?
4. Where else was a great rush ?
5. What were the people doing there ?
6. What were the porters doing ?
7. How long had you to wait ?
8. When did the train arrive ?
9. Where did your friend get a seat ?
10. When did you come back ?

3. Imagine you attended the prize distribution function of your school. Your mother wants to know about it. Write your conversation with your mother in dialogue format.
1. Mother : …………………
You : The prize distribution function started at 2 p.m.
2. Mother : …………………
You : The Education Minister presided over the function.
3. Mother : …………………
You : He was received at the gate.
4. Mother : …………………
You : Some students sang a welcome song.
5. Mother : …………………
You : Yes, the pandal was full.
6. Mother : …………………
You : At first, the Headmaster read out the annual report.
7. Mother : …………………
You : The Education Minister gave away the prizes.
8. Mother : …………………
You : The Education Minister made a short speech.
9. Mother : …………………
You : He congratulated the prize-winners.
10. Mother : …………………
You : I got four prizes.
Answer:
1. When did the prize distribution function start ?
2. Who presided over the function ?
3. Where was he received ?
4. Who sang a welcome song ?
5. Was the pandal full ?
6. What did the Headmaster do first ?
7. Who gave away the prizes ?
8. What did the Education Minister do ?
9. Who did he congratulate ?
10. How many prizes did you get ?

4. Suppose you were Mohit and you had to appear before the Principal of a college for interview. The beginning of the conversation is given. You will start with the given conversation and then continue.

1. Principal : What is your name?
Mohit : My name is Mohit.
2. Principal : …………………
Mohit : I am seventeen years old.
3. Principal : …………………
Mohit : I passed my Matriculation Examination in April 1986.
4. Principal : …………………
Mohit : I passed my Matriculation Examination from R.S. Model High School.
5. Principal : …………………
Mohit : I got 725 marks.
6. Principal : …………………
Mohit : My hobby is stamp-collecting.
7. Principal : …………….
Mohit : Yes, I know typewriting.
8. Principal : …………….
Mohit : I can type thirty words a minute.
9. Principal : …………….
Mohit : No, I have no experience.
10. Principal : …………….
Mohit : I shall learn my job in a few days.
Answer:
1. What is your name ?
2. How old are you ?
3. When did you pass your Matriculation Examination ?
4. From which school did you pass your Matriculation Examination ?
5. How many marks did you get ?
6. What is your hobby ?
7. Do you know typewrit¬ing ?
8. What is your typing speed ?
9. Do you have any experience ?
10. How will you do your job then ?

5. Imagine you have failed in the examination. Your father wants to know the reason of your failure. Now Complete the dialogue, writing the questions answers during your conversation.

1. Father : …………….?
You : The papers were very difficult.
2. Father : …………….?
You : Yes, I worked very hard for the examination.
3. Father : …………….?
You : I have failed only in one paper.
4. Father : …………….?
You : Yes, I have been a very regular student.
5. Father : …………….?
You : I shall appear again.
6. Father : …………….?
You : I hope to get good marks.
7. Father : …………….?
You : I am in the good books of my teachers.
8. Father : …………….?
You : English is a difficult subject for me.
9. Father : …………….?
You : No, I shall prepare it myself.
10. Father : …………….?
You : I may need the help of my teacher.
Answer:
1. Why did you fail in the examination ?
2. Did you work hard for the examination ?
3. In how many papers have you failed ?
4. Have you been a regular student ?
5. What will you do now ?
6. How many marks do you hope to get ?
7. What is the opinion of your teachers about you ?
8. Which subject is difficult for you ?
9. Will you engage a tutor ?
10. Whose help will you need ?

6. Imagine you remained absent from school for a week, lour class-teacher wants to know the reason of your absence. Write the dialogue between you and your teacher. Your – beginning of the Conversation is given. You will start with given Conversation and then continue.

1. Teacher : Why were you absent for a week ?
You : Sir, I wa§ suffering from fever.
2. Teacher : Did you send any application ?
You : No, I did not send an application.
3. Teacher : ………………..
You : Because no student comes from my locality.
4. Teacher : ……………….
You : I consulted Dr. R. Nagpal.
5. Teacher : ……………….
You : He advised me to take full rest for ten days.
6. Teacher : ……………….
You : Now I am feeling all right.
7. Teacher : ………………
Answer:
1. Why were you absent for a week ?
2. Did you send any application ?
3. Why did you not send the application ?
4. Which doctor did you consult ?
5. What did he advise ?
6. How are you feeling now ?
7. Will you be able to learn your lessons ?

7. Imagine you bought a book from a book-seller. When you reached home, you found some pages missing. In the evening you went to the shop again. Write the dialogue between you and the book-seller.

1. Shopkeeper : Shopkeeper.
You : No, I don’t want to buy any book.
2. Shopkeeper : …………………….
You : I want only to change this book.
3. Shopkeeper : …………………….
You : I bought it yesterday evening.
4. Shopkeeper : …………………….
You : Your salesman gave it to me.
5. Shopkeeper : …………………….
You : I paid twenty five rupees for it.
6. Shopkeeper : …………………….
You : Yes, I got a cash memo from the salesman.
7. Shopkeeper : …………………….
You : No, I can’t wait for three days.
Answer:
1 .Do you want to buy some book ?
2. What do you want then ?
3. When did you buy it ?
4. Who gave it to you ?
5. How much did you pay for it ?
6. Did you get the cash memo from the salesman ?
7. Can you wait for three days ?

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class English Book Solutions English Composition Note-Making Exercise Questions and Answers, Notes.

PSEB 8th Class English Composition Note-Making

किसी दिए Passage को आसानी से समझने के लिए उसे Short Notes का रूप दिया जा सकता है। ऐसे Notes तैयार करना एक कला है। इसके लिए विद्यार्थी में Passage के मुख्य बिन्दुओं को छांटने की क्षमता होनी चाहिए। उसे पता होना चाहिए कि Passage में क्या छोड़ा जा सकता है और किन बिन्दुओं को Highlight करना ज़रूरी है। उसे Passage के आरम्भ और अंत को ध्यान से पढ़ना चाहिए। इसी से Passage के मूल भाव को समझा जा सकता है। इसे Skimming कहा जाता है।

Note-Making की कई विधियां हैं। Passage को शीर्षकों तथा उप-शीर्षकों में बदला जा सकता है। इसे Flowchacts का रूप दिया जा सकता है। कुल मिला कर विद्यार्थी को Notes लिखते समय निम्नलिखित बिन्दुओं पर अपना ध्यान केंद्रित करना चाहिए।

1. Passage का कोई उचित-शीर्षक लिखें। यह बहुत लम्बा न हो।
2. यदि Passage लम्बा हो, तो उसके मुख्य बिन्दुओं तथा उप-बिन्दुओं को लिख लें।
3. विद्यार्थी इन बिन्दुओं को संक्षिप्त तथा सांकेतिक शब्दों द्वारा भी नोट कर सकता हैं, जैसे-लाभ-हानियां, विशेषताएं आदि।.
4. जहां तक संभव हो लम्बे वाक्यों का प्रयोग मत करें। मुख्य बिन्दुओं को कम से कम शब्दों में सीमित करें।
5. प्रचलित Abbreviations (शब्दों का संक्षिप्त रूप) का प्रयोग करें। आप अपनी निजी Abreviations भी प्रयोग कर सकते हैं; जैसे tomer = tomorrow; cong = conclusion इत्यादि। परन्तु ऐसे संक्षिप्त रूप तभी प्रयोग करें जब Notes अपने निजी प्रयोग के लिए बनाए गए हों।

संकेत-अक्षर किसी भी विषय के हो सकते हैं। जैसे-
3 <4; 4 > 3
three is smaller than 4; ∴ therefore
4 is greater than 3 ∴ because
because A/c Account number etc.

1. Read the following passage and write the main points:

There are three types of American rice. Long grain is slender and the grains remain : separate when cooked. It is suited to main dishes, salads and soups. Medium grain is plumper than long grain and more tender when cooked. Short grain is almost round; the grains stick together when cooked.

Rice is also classified according to the ways it is processed. Brown rice retains the bran and germ (and therefore more nutrient); Parboiled or converted rice is soaked, steamed, and dried before milling. It retains more nutrients than white rice but takes 5 to 10 minutes longer to cook. Precooked white rice is cooked and dehydrated after milling and needs little cooking.

Main Points (Notes):
Classification of American rice
(a) How it looks:

1. long grain- slender, remains, separate when cooked.
2. medium grain- plumper, more tender when cooked.
3. short grain- almost round, stick together when cooked.

(b) How it is processed:

1. Brown rice-bran, germ-more nutrient.
2. Parboiled/Converted rice-soaked, steamed and dried, retains, nutrients, take longer to cook
3. Precooked white rice-already cooked and dehyrated, needs litde cooking.

2. Read the passage carefully and write the main points in the space provided.

THE INDIAN TOLL
According to the Union Transport Ministry, although buses constitute only 1.2% of India’s vehicles. In 2002 they were responsible for more than 11% of road accidents and 13% deaths. Around 85,000 people die every year from road accidents in India and the social cost of all this is a staggering Rs. 55,000 crores. In India, as in Asia, the driver is the main culprit. 78% of accidents are attributed to the drivers fault. And although there are programmes for teaching road safety, only a very few drivers attend it. Indeed, Dr. Sanjay K. Singh, of IIT, Kanpur and a transport subject expert argues that bus safety in India will not improve unless drivers are better off economically, and not overworked in addition, he says road infrastructure must improve with special lanes for cyclists and handcarts and proper footpaths for pedestrians.

Main Points:
I. Report on Road Accidents from Transport Ministry (2002):

1. No. of road accidents each year : Around 85,000
2. % accidents by bus drivers : 78%
3. % deaths caused by these accidents : 13%
4. Money spent on problems related to accidents : Rs. 55,000 crores

II. Solution:

1. training drivers : road safety classes few drivers attend-problems:
2. condition of drivers : well off economically, not to be overworked.
3. better roads : how ?

Improvement in road infrastructure-special lanes for cyclists, handcarts- proper footpaths.

3. Read the passage and Write the main points (Notes):

The Interim Test Range (ITR) was established in 1989 as a dedicated range for launching missiles, rockets and flight test vehicles. A number of missiles of different class including the multi-role Trishul, multi-target capable Akash, the anti-tank Nag missile, the surface-to-surface missile Prithvi, and long range technology demonstrator Agni, have been test fired from the ITR Brah Mos, the Indiaft Russian joint venture, set up to develop supersonic cruise missiles has also been tested at this range. The ITR has also supported a number of other missions such as testing of the multi-barrel rocket launcher Pinaka and pilodess aircraft Lakshya. The ITR has also been made capable for testing airborne weapons and systems with the help of sophisticated instrumentation.

Main Points (Notes)

1. Interim Test Range (ITR) established in 1989 for launching missile rockets and flight test vehicles.
2. Number of misssiles launched.
   Trishul, Akash, Nag, Prithvi, Agni
3. Brah Mos : Indian-Russian joint venture
4. Other missions supported : Pinaka (Multi-barrel rocket launcher); Lakshya (pilotless aircraft).

4. Read the passage given below and make notes:

Books are by far the most lasting products of human efforts. Temples crumble into ruin, pictures and states decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their authors minds ages ago. What was then thought and said still speaks to us as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time has been to sift and throw out the bad products : for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good. Books introduce us into the best society, they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have lived. We hear what they said; we see them as if they were really alive; we sympathise with them, enjoy with them, grieve with them, their experience becomes ours; and we feel as if we were actors with them in the scenes which they describe.

Notes:
Title : Permanent Value of Books
Main Points
A. (i) Books most lasting products. No effect of time other things come to the dust
(ii) thoughts in books become brighter and fresher.
B. Printed pages always speak.
C. Only good can survive bad products disappear.
D. Company of great minds of post-joys, grieves, experiences become wars.
E. Conclusion : Mirror of the past and present society.

5. Read the passage given below and make notes:

If the young students in schools and colleges do not learn discipline, they will never be able to extract obedience from others in society. In fact, society will never accept them as persons fit for any responsible position in life. A school or college without discipline can never impart suitable education to students. Such a school or college is no better than a factory to turn out imperfect men and women. Sense of discipline plays a very important part in the playground and the battle field. A disciplined team is likely to win the match in spite of its weakness but a very good team may not fare well for want of discipline. The rule of discipline equally applies to soldiers in the battle field

Notes:
Title : Students and Discipline.
Main Points
(A) Dis. in Society

1. needed is all fields
2. Source of extracting obedience
3. Not accepted responsible persons

(B) Schools and Colleges without Dis.

1. No dis. -no suitable education
2. prepare only imperfect men and woman.

Play ground and battle field

1. disciplined team wins
2. good team may lose
3. sure victory for disciplined soldiers. (Abb. Dis. Discipline)

6. Read the passage given below and make notes:

Games, though essential should not become the be-all and end-all of student life. Generally, the sportsmen waste too much time on them, and fail in their examinations. One must never devote more then an hour to sports. Again if a player plays a game rashly, there is every danger of breaking bones. If, it is the played without the spirit of sportsmanship. It can lead to bad blood and quarrels. In some of the colleges, there is a tradition that if the visiting team is winning a match, the home team plays foul, picks a quarrel and break the bones of the visitors. But in spite of all these minor defects. Sports are very useful in keeping the students busy and in developing their personalities.

Notes:
Title. Advantages and Disadvantages of Games

Main Points
A. Games and Student Life.
(1) Essential but not everything

• To much time given
• fail

B. Spirit of Sportsmanship

1. foul play by home team.
2. quarrels violence.

C. Conclusion

1. minor defects
2. keep busy a develop personality.

7. Read the passage given below and make notes:

Computers have become an integral part of our day to day life. It is very difficult to imagine our lives without computers. They are affecting every sphere of human life and bringing about many changes in Industry, Government, Education, Medicine, Scientific Research, Law and Social Services and even in arts like music and printing. The areas of applications of computers are confined only by limitations on human creativity and imagination.

Computers can no longer be termed as a mere invention they are a revolution. And the way we live now is an evidence of this revolution so much that it is hard to imagine a world without them. There is no area in the field of work, learning, play or leisure, that has remained untouched by computers Realising the importance of Computers Punjab Government has introduced Computer Education in a big way. Let us hope that a wind of change will blow in the tied of education in Punjab.

Notes:
Title : Computers in Day to Day Life

Main Points
A. Integral Part of Human Life

1. role is every sphere.
2. changes in industry
3. Education, art, source, medicine-no sphere untouched

B. Areas of application confined only by human limitation.

C. Computers-A Revolution.
(1) has become a revolution

• Punjab government encouraging
• Introduction of computer education in schools

D. Conclusion
Bright future-popularity.

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 13 Symmetry MCQ Questions with Answers.

PSEB 6th Class Maths Chapter 13 Symmetry MCQ Questions

Multiple Choice Questions.

Question 1.
An equilateral triangle has …………. lines of symmetry.
(a) 1
(b) 3
(c) 2
(d) 4.
Answer:
(b) 3

Question 2.
A rectangle has ………….. lines of symmetry.
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 1.
Answer:
(a) 2

Question 3.
A square has lines of symmetry.
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4.
Answer:
(d) 4.

Question 4.
An isosceles triangle has …………. line (s) of symmetry.
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4.
Answer:
(a) 1

Question 5.
A circle has ……………… lines of symmetry.
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) Infinite.
Answer:
(d) Infinite.

Question 6.
A rhombus has ………….. lines of symmetry.
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4.
Answer:
(b) 2

Question 7.
A regular hexagon has ……………… lines of symmetry.
(a) 3
(b) 2
(c) 6
(d) 5.
Answer:
(c) 6

Question 8.
The mirror reflection of name ARUN is:
(a) NUSA

(c) NURA
(d) ARUN.
Answer:

Question 9.
The number of lines of symmetry of the given triangle are:

(a) 1
(b) 0
(c) 2
(d) 3.
Answer:
(d) 3.

Question 10.
The number of lines of symmetry of the triangle given in the figure are:

(a) 1
(b) 0
(c) 2
(d) 4.
Answer:
(a) 1

Question 11.
The number of lines of symmetry of the given square are:

(a) 0
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4.
Answer:
(d) 4

Question 12.
The number of lines of symmetry of the given rectangle are:

(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4.
Answer:
(b) 2

Question 13.
The number of lines of symmetry of a rhombus are:
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 3
(d) 1.
Answer:
(a) 2

Question 14.
Which of the following has no line of symmetry?
(a) Equilateral triangle
(b) Isosceles triangle
(c) Scalene triangle
(d) Rectangle.
Answer:
(c) Scalene triangle

Question 15.
Which of the following has one line of symmetry?
(a) Equilateral triangle
(b) Square
(c) Isosceles Triangle
(d) Rectangle.
Answer:
(c) Isosceles Triangle

Question 16.
Which of the following has two lines of symmetry?
(a) Equilateral triangle
(b) Square
(c) Rectangle
(d) Circle.
Answer:
(c) Rectangle

Fill in the blanks:

Question (i)
A square has ……………. lines of symmetry.
Answer:
4

Question (ii)
A scalene triangle has …………… line of symmetry.
Answer:
no

Question (iii)
A rectangle has ………….. lines of symmetry.
Answer:
2

Question (iv)
X has ………………. lines of symmetry.
Answer:
2

Question (v)
A has …………… line of symmetry.
Answer:
one

Write True/False:

Question (i)
A circle has no line of symmetry. (True/False)
Answer:
False

Question (ii)
A pentagon has 5 lines of symmetry. (True/False)
Answer:
True

Question (iii)
An isosceles triangle has 2 lines of symmetry. (True/False)
Answer:
False

Question (iv)
Fan is not symmetrical. (True/False)
Answer:
False

Question (v)
An equilateral triangle has 3 lines of symmetry. (True/False)
Answer:
True