Class 9

Punjab State Board PSEB 9th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 13 Surface Areas and Volumes Ex 13.2 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 13 Surface Areas and Volumes Ex 13.2

Note: Assume π = \(\frac{22}{7}\), unless stated otherwise.

Question 1.
The curved surface area of a right circular cylinder of height 14 cm is 88 cm². Find the diameter of the base of the cylinder.
Answer:
Height of cylinder h = 14 cm.
Curved surface area of a cylinder = 2 πrh
∴ 88 cm² = 2 × r × 14cm
∴ \(\frac{88 \times 7}{2 \times 22 \times 14}\) cm = r
∴ r = 1 cm
Now, diameter of the cylinder = 2r = 2 × 1 cm
= 2 cm
Thus, the diameter of the base of the cylinder is 2 cm.

Question 2.
It is required to make a closed cylindrical tank of height 1 m and base diameter 140 cm from a metal sheet. How many square metres of the sheet are required for the same ?
Answer:
Height of cylindrical tank h = 1 m
Diameter of the cylinder =140 cm
∴ Radius of the cylinder r = \(\frac{\text { diameter }}{2}\)
= \(\frac{140}{2}\) cm
= 70 cm
= 0.7 m
Total surface area of the closed cylindrical tank
= 2πr (r + h)
= 2 × \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 0.7 (0.7 + 1) m²
= 4.4 × 1.7 m²
= 7.48 m²
Thus, 7.48 m² sheet is required to make the closed cylindrical tank.

Question 3.
A metal pipe is 77 cm long. The inner diameter of a cross section is 4 cm, the outer diameter being 4.4 cm (see the given figure). Find its

(i) inner curved surface area,
Answer:
For inner cylinder, diameter = 4 cm
∴ For inner cylinder,
radius r = \(\frac{\text { diameter }}{2}\) = 2 cm
and height (length) h = 77 cm.
Inner curved surface area of the pipe
= 2πrh
= 2 × \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 2 × 77 cm²
= 968 cm²
Thus, the inner curved surface area is 968 cm².

(ii) outer curved surface, area,
Answer:
For outer cylinder, diameter = 4.4 cm
∴ For outer cylinder,
radius R = \(\frac{\text { diameter }}{2}\) = \(\frac{4.4}{2}\) = 2.2
and height h = 77 cm.
Outer curved surface area of the pipe
= 2πRh
= 2 × \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 2 × 77 cm²
= 1064.8 cm²
Thus, the outer curved surface area is
1064.8 cm².

(iii) total surface area.
Answer:
Total surface area includes the area of two circular rings at the ends together with the inner and outer curved surface areas.
For each circular ring, outer radius R = 2.2 cm and inner radius r = 2 cm
Area of one circular ring
= π(R² – r²)
= \(\frac{22}{7}\)(2.2² – 2²)cm²
= \(\frac{22}{7}\) (4.84 – 4) cm²
= \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 0.84 cm²
= 2.64 cm²
∴ Area of two circular rings.
= 2 × 2.64 cm²
= 5.28 cm²
Now, total surface area of the pipe = Inner curved surface area + outer curved surface area + area of two circular rings
= 968 + 1064.8 + 5.28 cm²
= 2038.08 cm²

Question 4.
The diameter of a roller is 84 cm and its length is 120 cm. It takes 500 complete revolutions to move once over to level a playground. Find the area of the playground in m².
Answer:
For the cylindrical roller, diameter d = 84 cm and height (length) h = 120 cm.
Curved surface area of the cylindrical roller
= πdh
= \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 84 × 120 cm²
= 31680 cm²
= \(\frac{31680}{10000}\) m²
= 3.168 m²
Thus, the area of playground levelled in 1 complete revolution of the roller = 3.168 m²
∴ The area of playground levelled in 500 complete revolutions of the roller
= 3.168 × 500 m² = 1584 m²
Thus, the area of the playground is 1584 m².

Question 5.
A cylindrical pillar is 50 cm in diameter and 3.5 m in height. Find the cost of painting the curved surface of the pillar at the rate of ₹ 12.50 per m².
Answer:
For the cylindrical pillar, diameter d = 50 cm = 0.5 m and height h = 3.5 m.
Curved surface area of the cylindrical pillar
= πdh
= \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 0.5 × 3.5 m²
= 5.5 m²
Cost of painting 1 m² area = ₹ 12.50
∴ Cost of painting 5.5 m2 area = ₹ (12.50 x 5.5)
= ₹ 68.75
Thus, the cost of painting the curved surface of the pillar is ₹ 68.75.

Question 6.
Curved surface area of a right circular cylinder is 4.4 m². If the radius of the base of the cylinder is 0.7 m, find its height.
Answer:
For the given cylinder, radius r = 0.7 m and
curved surface area = 4.4 m².
Curved surface area of a cylinder = 2πrh
∴ 4.4 m² = 2 × \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 0.7m × h
∴ h = \(\frac{4.4 \times 7}{2 \times 22 \times 0.7}\)m
∴ h = 1 m
Thus, the height of the cylinder is 1 m.

Question 7.
The inner diameter of a circular well is 3.5 m. It is 10 m deep. Find
(i) its inner curved surface area,
(ii) the cost of plastering this curved surface at the rate of ₹ 40 per m².
Answer:
A circular well means a cylindrical well. For the cylindrical well, diameter d = 3.5 m and height (depth) h = 10 m.
(i) Curved surface area of the well
= πdh
= \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 3.5 × 10 m²
= 110 m²

(ii) Cost of plastering 1 m² region = ₹ 40
∴ Cost of plastering 110 m2 region
= ₹ (40 × 110)
= ₹ 4400

Question 8.
In a hot water heating system, there is a cylindrical pipe of length 28 m and diameter 5 cm. Find the total radiating surface in the system.
Answer:
For the cylindrical pipe, diameter d = 5 cm = 0.05 m and height (length) h = 28 m.
The radiation surface in the system is the •curved surface of the pipe.
Hence, we find the curved surface area of the cylindrical pipe.
Curved surface area of the cylindrical pipe
= πdh
= \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 0.05 × 28 m²
= 4.4 m²
Thus, the total radiating surface in the system is 4.4 m².

Question 9.
Find: (i) the lateral or curved surface area of a closed cylindrical petrol storage tank that is 4.2 m in diameter and 4.5 m high.
(ii) how much steel was actually used, if \(\frac{1}{12}\) of the steel actually used was wasted in making the tank.
Answer:
For the closed cylindrical tank, diameter d = 4.2 m, hence radius
r = \(\frac{4.2}{2}\) = 2.1 m and height h = 4.5 m.

(i) Curved surface area of the cylindrical tank
= 2 πrh
= 2 × \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 2.1 × 4.5 m²
= 59.4 m²

(ii) Total surface area of the closed cylindrical tank
= 2πr (r + h)
= 2 × \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 2.1 (2.1 + 4.5) m²
= 13.2 × 6.6 m²
= 87.12 m²
Suppose, x m² steel was used for making the tank. But during production, \(\frac{1}{12}\) of the steel was wasted.
∴ Actual quantity of steel used = \(\frac{11}{12}\)x m².
Hence, \(\frac{11}{12}\)x = 87.12
∴ x = \(\frac{8712}{100} \times \frac{12}{11}\)
∴ x = 95.04 m²
Thus, the quantity of steel actually used during the preparation of the tank is 95.04 m².

Question 10.
In the given figure, you see the frame of a lampshade. It is to be covered with a decorative cloth. The frame has a base diameter of 20 cm and height of 30 cm. A margin of 2.5 cm is to be given for folding it over the top and bottom of the frame. Find how much cloth is required for covering the lampshade.

Answer:
The shape of the decorative cloth will be cylindrical.
For the cylinder of cloth, diameter d = 20 cm and height h = 30 cm + 2.5 cm + 2.5 cm = 35 cm.
Curved surface area of the cylinder of cloth
= πdh
= \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 20 × 35 cm²
Thus, 2200 cm² cloth is required for covering the lampshade.

Question 11.
The students of Vidyalaya were asked to participate in a competition for making and decorating penholders in the shape of a cylinder with a base, using cardboard. Each penholder was to be of radius 3 cm and height 10.5 cm. The Vidyalaya was to supply the competitors with cardboards. If there were 35 competitors, how much cardboard was required to be bought for the competition ?
Answer:
The cylindrical penholders to be made have base but open at the top. Thus, to prepare a penholder, the area of the cardboard required will be given by the curved surface area of the cylinder and the area of base.

For cylindrical penholder, radius r = 3 cm and height h = 10.5 cm.
Area of cardboard required for 1 penholder
= Curved surface area of cylinder + Area of base
= 2πrh + πr²
= πr (2h + r)
= \(\frac{22}{7}\) × 3(2 × 10.5 + 3) cm2
= \(\frac{66 \times 24}{7}\) cm²
∴ Area of the cardboard required for 35 penholders
= 35 × \(\frac{66 \times 24}{7}\) cm²
= 7920 cm²
Thus, 7920 cm² cardboard was required to be bought for the competition.

Punjab State Board PSEB 9th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 13 Surface Areas and Volumes Ex 13.1 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 13 Surface Areas and Volumes Ex 13.1

Question 1.
A plastic box 1.5 m long, 1.25 m wide and 65 cm deep is to be made. It is open at the top. Ignoring the thickness of the plastic sheet, determine: (i) The area of the sheet required for making the box. (ii) The cost of sheet for it, if a sheet measuring 1 m² costs ₹ 20.
Answer:
The plastic box to be made is open at the top. Hence, the plastic sheet is required for the lateral surfaces and the base.
Here, for the box to be made,
length l = 1.5 m;
breadth b = 1.25 m and
height h = 65 cm = 0.65 m.
Area of the plastic sheet required for open box = Lateral surface area + Area of base
= 2 h(l + b) + l × b
= 2 × 0.65 (1.5 + 1.25) + 1.5 × 1.25 m²
= 1.3 × 2.75 + 1.875 m²
= 3.575 + 1.875 m²
= 5.45 m²
Cost of 1 m² sheet = ₹ 20
∴ Cost of 5.45 m² sheet = ₹ (5.45 × ₹ 20)
= ₹ 109

Question 2.
The length, breadth and height of a room are 5 m, 4 m and 3 m respectively. Find the cost of white washing the walls of the room and the ceiling at the rate of ₹ 7.50 per m².
Answer:
For the given room, length 1 = 5 m; breadth b = 4 m and height h = 3 m.
Area of the region to be white washed
= Area of four walls + Area of ceiling
= 2 h(l + b) + l × b
= 2 × 3 (5 + 4) + 5 × 4 m²
= 54 + 20 m²
= 74 m²
Cost of white washing 1 m² region = ₹ 7.5
∴ Cost of white washing 74 m² region
= ₹ (74 × 7.5)
= ₹ 555

Question 3.
The floor of a rectangular hall has a perimeter 250 m. If the cost of painting the four walls at the rate of ₹ 10 per m² is ₹ 15,000, find the height of the hall. [Hint: Area of the four walls = Lateral surface area.]
Answer:
Area painted at the cost of ₹ 10 = 1 m²
∴ Area painted at the cost of ₹ 15,000
= \(\frac{15000}{10}\)
= 1500 m²
∴ Area of the four walls = 1500m²
∴ Lateral surface area = 1500 m²
∴ Perimeter Of the floor × Height = 1500 m²
∴ 250 m × Height = 1500 m²
∴ Height = \(\frac{15000}{250}\)
∴ Height = 6 m

Question 4.
The paint in a certain container is sufficient to paint an area equal to 9.375 m². How many bricks of dimensions 22.5 cm × 10 cm× 7.5 cm can be painted out of this container?
Answer:
For each brick, length l = 22.5 cm; breadth b = 10 cm and height h = 7.5 cm.
Total surface area of one brick
= 2 (lb + bh + hl)
= 2 (22.5 × 10 + 10 × 7.5 + 7.5 × 22.5) cm²
= 2 (225 + 75 + 168.75) cm²
= 2 (468.75) cm²
= 937.5 cm²
= \(\frac{937.5}{10000}\) m² = 0.09375 m²
No. of bricks that can be painted with paint sufficient to paint 0.09375 m² area = 1
∴ No. of bricks that can be painted with paint sufficient to paint 9.375 m² area 9.375
= \(\frac{9.375}{0.09375}\) = 100

Question 5.
A cubical box has each edge 10 cm and |> another cuboidal box is 12.5 cm long, 10 cm wide and 8 cm high.
(i) Which box has the greater lateral surface area and by how much?
(ii) Which box has the smaller total surface area and by how much ?
Answer:
For the cubical box, edge a = 10 cm and for the cuboidal box, length l = 12.5 cm; breadth b = 10 cm and height h = 8 cm
(i) Lateral surface area of cubical box
= 4a²
= 4 (10)² cm²
= 400 cm
Lateral surface area of cuboidal box
= 2h(l + b)
= 2 × 8(12.5 + 10) cm²
= 16 × 22.5 cm²
= 360 cm²
Thus, the lateral surface area of cubical box is greater by 40 cm² (400 – 360).

(ii) Total surface area of cubical box = 6a2
= 6 (10)² cm²
= 600 cm²
Total surface area of cuboidal box
= 2 (lb + bh + hl)
= 2(12.5 × 10 + 10 × 8 + 8 × 12.5) cm²
= 2 (125 + 80 + 100) cm²
= 2 (305) cm²
= 610 cm²
Thus, the total surface area of cubical box is smaller by 10 cm² (610 – 600).

Question 6.
A small indoor greenhouse (herbarium) is made entirely of glass panes (including base) held together with tape. It is 30 cm long, 25 cm wide and 25 cm high.
(i) What is the area of the glass ?
(ii) How much of tape is needed for all the 12 edges ?
Answer:
(i) For the cuboidal greenhouse, length l = 30 cm; breadth fa = 25 cm and height h = 25 cm.
Area of glass used
= Total surface area of cuboid
= 2 (lb + bh + hl)
= 2 (30 × 25 + 25 × 25 + 25 × 30) cm²
= 2 (750 + 625 + 750) cm²
= 2 (2125) cm²
= 4250 cm²

(ii) 12 edges of the cuboidal greenhouse is made-up of 4 lengths, 4 breadths and 4 heights.
∴ Length of tape needed for 12 edges
= 4l + 4b + 4h
= 4 (l + b + h)
= 4 (30 + 25 + 25) cm
= 4 (80) cm
= 320 cm

Question 7.
Shanti Sweets Stall was placing an order for making cardboard boxes for packing their sweets. Two sizes of boxes were required. The bigger of dimensions 25 cm × 20 cm × 5 cm and the smaller of dimensions 15 cm × 12 cm × 5 cm. For all the overlaps, 5 % of the total surface area is required extra. If the cost of the cardboard is ₹ 4 for 1000 cm², find the cost of cardboard required for supplying 250 boxes of each kind.
Answer:
For bigger cuboidal boxes, length l = 25 cm;
breadth b = 20 cm and height h = 5 cm.
Total surface area of a bigger box
= 2 (lb + bh + hl)
= 2 (25 × 20 + 20 × 5 + 5 × 25) cm²
= 2 (500 + 100 + 125) cm²
= 1450 cm²
Area of cardboard required for overlap
= 5 % of 1450 cm²
= 72.5 cm²
Thus, the total area of cardboard required for 1 bigger box = 1450 + 72.5 cm²
= 1522.5 cm²
∴ The total area of cardboard required for 250 bigger boxes = (1522.5 × 250) cm²
For smaller cuboidal boxes, length l = 15 cm; breadth b = 12 cm and height h = 5 cm.
Total surface area of a smaller box
= 2 (lb + bh + hl)
= 2 (15 × 12 + 12 × 5 + 5 × 15) cm²
= 2(180 +60 + 75) cm²
= 2 (315) cm²
= 630 cm²
Area of cardboard required for overlap
= 5% of 630 cm²
= 31.5 cm²
Thus, the total area of cardboard required for 1 smaller box = 630 + 31.5 cm² = 661.5 cm²
∴ The total area of cardboard required for 250 smaller boxes = (661.5 × 250) cm²
Now, the total area of cardboard required for all the boxes
= (1522.5 × 250) + (661.5 × 250) cm²
= 250(1522.5 + 661.5) cm²
= 250 × 2184 cm²
Cost of 1000 cm² cardboard = ₹ 4
∴ Cost of 250 × 2184 cm² cardboard
= ₹ \(\left(\frac{4 \times 250 \times 2184}{1000}\right)\)
= ₹ 2184

Question 8.
Parveen wanted to make a temporary shelter for her car, by making a box-like structure with tarpaulin that covers all the four sides and the top of the car (with the front face as a flap which can be rolled up). Assuming that the stitching margins are very small, and therefore negligible, how much tarpaulin would be required to make the shelter of height 2.5 m, with base dimensions 4 m × 3 m ?
Answer:
For the box-like structure without base, length
l = 4m; breadth b = 3m and height h = 2.5m.
Area of tarpaulin required
= Area of lateral surfaces + Area of top
= 2 h(l + b) + l × b
= 2 × 2.5 (4 + 3) + 4 × 3 m²
= 35 + 12 m²
= 47 m²

Punjab State Board PSEB 9th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 12 Heron’s Formula Ex 12.2 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 12 Heron’s Formula Ex 12.2

Question 1.
A park, in the shape of a quadrilateral ABCD has ∠C = 90°, AB = 9 m, BC = 12 m, CD = 5 m and AD = 8 m. How much area does it occupy?
Answer:

In ∆ BCD, ∠C = 90°
∴ BD² = BC² + CD²
= (12)² + (5)²
= 144 + 25
= 169
= (13)²
∴ BD = 13 m

In ∆ BCD, a = 5 m, b = 12 m and c = 13 m
∴ Semiperimeter s = \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
= \(\frac{5+12+13}{2}\) = \(\frac{30}{2}\) = 15 m
Then, s – a = 15 – 5 = 10m,
s – b = 15 – 12 = 3m and
s – c = 15 – 13 = 2 m.

Area of ∆ BCD = \(\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}\)
= \(\sqrt{15 \times 10 \times 3 \times 2}\) m²
= \(\sqrt{900}\) m²
= 30 m²

Note: ∆ BCD is a right triangle.
∴ Area of ∆ BCD = \(\frac{1}{2}\) × BC × CD
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × 12 × 5 = 30 m²

Now, in ∆ ABD, a = 9 m, b = 13 m arid c = 8 m
∴ Semiperimeter s = \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
= \(\frac{9+13+8}{2}\) = \(\frac{30}{2}\) = 15 m
Then,
s – a = 15 – 9 = 6m,
s – b = 15 – 13 = 2m and
s – c = 15 – 8 = 7 m.

Area of ∆ ABD = \(\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}\)
= \(\sqrt{15 \times 6 \times 2 \times 7}\) m²
= \(\sqrt{5 \times 3 \times 3 \times 2 \times 2 \times 7}\) m²
= 6 √35 m²
= 35.5 m² (approx.)
Then, the area of park in the shape of quadrilateral ABCD
= Area of ∆ BCD + Area of ∆ ABD
= (30 + 35.5) m² (approx.)
= 65.5 m² (approx.)
Thus, the area of the park is 65.5 m² (approx.)

Question 2.
Find the area of a quadrilateral ABCD in which AB = 3 cm, BC = 4 cm, CD = 4 cm, DA = 5 cm and AC = 5 cm.
Answer:

In ∆ ABC, a = 3 cm; b = 4 cm and c = 5 cm
∴ Semiperimeter s = \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
= \(\frac{3+4+5}{2}\)
= \(\frac{12}{2}\) = 6 cm
Then,
s – a = 6 – 3 = 3 cm,
s – b = 6 – 4 = 2 cm and,
s – c = 6 – 5 = 1 cm.
Area of ∆ ABC = \(\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}\)
= \(\sqrt{6 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1}\) cm²
= 6 cm²
Note: Proving that ∆ ABC is a right triangle, Area of ∆ ABC = \(\frac{1}{2}\) × 3 × 4 = 6 cm² can be obtained easily.
In ∆ ACD, a = 4 cm; b = 5 cm and c = 5 cm

Area of quadrilateral ABCD
= Area of ∆ ABC + Area of ∆ ACD
= (6 + 9.2) cm² (approx.)
= 15.2 cm² (approx.)

Question 3.
Radha made a picture of an aeroplane with coloured paper as shown in the given figure, s Find the total area of the paper used. ;

Answer:
The sides of the triangle in part 1 measure 5 cm, 5 cm and 1 cm.
∴ a = 5 cm, b = 5 cm and c = 1 cm
∴ Semiperimeter s = \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
= \(\frac{5+5+1}{2}\) = \(\frac{11}{2}\) cm
Area of part 1
= Area of triangle

The length and breadth of rectangle in part II are 6.5 cm and 1 cm respectively.
Area of part II = Area of rectangle
= length × breadth
= (6.5 × 1) cm²
= 6.5 cm²
For the trapezium in part III, the parallel sides measure 1 cm and 2 cm, while both the non-parallel sides measure 1 cm each.

Drawing DM ⊥ AB and CN ⊥ AB. we get
AM = BM = \(\frac{2-1}{2}\) = \(\frac{1}{2}\) cm.
In ∆ DMA, ∠M = 90°
Area of trapezium ABCD
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × Sum of parallel sides X Distance between parallel sides
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × (AB + CD) × DM
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × (2 + 1) × \(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)cm²
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × 3 × \(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) cm²
= 1.3 cm² (approx.)
For the right triangle in part IV the sides forming the right angle measure 6 cm and 1.5 cm.
Area of right triangle in part IV.
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × Product of sides forming the right angle
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × 6 × 1.5 cm²
= 4.5 cm²
The right triangle in part V is congruent to the right triangle in part IV.
∴ Area of right triangle in part V = 4.5 cm²
Now, total area of the paper used
= Areas of figures in part I to part V
= (2.5 + 6.5 + 1.3 + 4.5 + 4.5) cm²
= 19.3 cm²

Question 4.
A triangle and a parallelogram have the same base and the same area. If the sides of the triangle are 26 cm, 28 cm and 30 cm, and the parallelogram stands on the base 28 cm, find the height of the parallelogram.
Answer:
In the given triangle, a = 26 cm, b = 28 cm and c = 30 cm
∴ Semiperimeter s = \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
= \(\frac{26+28+30}{2}\) = \(\frac{84}{2}\) = 42 cm
Area of triangle

= 7 × 6 × 4 × 2 cm²
= 336 cm²
The area of the triangle and the area of the parallelogram are equal.
∴ Area of the parallelogram = 336 cm²
∴ Base × Corresponding altitude = 336 cm²
∴ 28 cm × Corresponding altitude = 336 cm²
∴ Corresponding altitude = \(\frac{336}{28}\) cm
∴ Corresponding altitude = 12 cm
Thus, the height of the parallelogram is 12 cm.

Question 5.
A rhombus shaped field has green grass for 18 cows to graze. If each side of the rhombus is 30 m and its longer diagonal is 48 m, how much area of grass field will each cow be getting?
Answer:

Rhombus ABCD in the given figure represents the field.
A diagonal of a rhombus divides it into two congruent triangles.
∴ Area of rhombus ABCD = 2 × Area of ∆ ABC
In ∆ ABC, a = 30 m; b = 30 m; and c = 48 m.
∴ Semiperimeter s = \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
= \(\frac{30+30+48}{2}\) = \(\frac{108}{2}\) = 54 cm
Area of ∆ ABC

= 3 × 6 × 24 m²
= 432 m²
Now, area of the field
= area of rhombus ABCD
= 2 × area of ∆ ABC
= 2 × 432 m²
= 864 m²
Now, area of grass field available for 18 cows to graze = 864 m²
∴ Area of grass field available for 1 cow to graze = \(\frac{864}{18}\) m² = 48 m²
Thus, each cow gets 48 m² of grass field to graze.

Question 6.
An umbrella is made by stitching 10 triangular pieces of cloth of two different colours (see the given figure), each piece measuring 20 cm, 50 cm and 50 cm. How much cloth of each colour is required for the umbrella?

Answer:
Out of 10 triangular pieces, 5 are dark coloured and 5 are light coloured.
For each triangle, a = 20 cm, b = 50 cm and c = 50 cm

Hence, the total area of 5 dark coloured cloth pieces = 5 × 200 √6 cm² = 1000 √6 cm²
Similarly, the total area of 5 light coloured cloth pieces = 5 × 200 √6 cm² = 1000 √6 cm²

Question 7.
A kite in the shape of a square with a diagonal 32 cm and an isosceles triangle of base 8 cm and sides 6 cm each is to be made of three different shades as shown in the given figure. How much paper of each shade has been used in it?

Answer:
Let us name the square part as ABCD and the triangular part as CMN.
Suppose the length of square ABCD is xcm.
∴ In ∆ ABD, AB = AD = x cm and ∠A = 90°
The length of hypotenuse BD is given to be 32 cm.
AB² + AD² = BD² (Pythagoras’ theorem)
∴ (x)² + (x)² = (32)²
∴ 2x² = 1024
∴ x² = 512
∴ x = √512
∴ x = \(\sqrt{256 \times 2}\)
∴ x = 16√2
Thus, the length of each side of square ABCD is 16 √2 cm.
Area of part I = Area of ∆ ABD
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × AB × AD (∠A is a right angle.)
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × 16 √2 × 16 √2 cm²
= 256 cm²
Area of part II = Area of A BCD
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × BD × CD (∠A is a right angle.)
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × 16 √2 × 16 √2 cm²
= 256 cm²
Note: Here, area of square ABCD can easily be found as below:
Area of square ABCD = \(\frac{(\text { Hypotenuse })^{2}}{2}\)
= \(\frac{(32)^{2}}{2}\)
= \(\frac{1024}{2}\)
= 512 cm²
To find the area of part III, we find the area of ∆ CMN.
In ∆ CMN, a = 6 cm, b = 8 cm and c = 6 cm.
∴ Semiperimeter s = \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
= \(\frac{6+8+6}{2}\) = \(\frac{20}{2}\) = 10 cm

Area of part III
= Area of ∆ CMN

= 8 × 2.24 cm² (approx.)
= 17.92 cm² (approx.)

Question 8.
A floral design on a floor is made up of 16 tiles which are triangular, the sides of the triangle being 9 cm, 28 cm and 35 cm (see the given figure). Find the cost of polishing the tiles at the rate of 50 p per cm².

Answer:
For each of 16 triangular tiles,
a = 9 cm; b = 28 cm and c = 35 cm

= 88.2 cm² (approx.)
∴ Area of 16 tiles = 16 × 88.2 cm²
= 1411.2 cm²
50 paise = ₹ 0.50
Cost of polishing 1 cm² region = ₹ 0.50
∴ Cost of polishing 1411.2 cm² region
= ₹ (1411.2 × 0.50)
= ₹ 705.60

Question 9.
A field is in the shape of a trapezium whose parallel sides are 25 m and 10 m. The non-parallel sides are 14 m and 13 m. Find the area of the field.
Answer:

In the given figure, trapezium ABCD represents the field in which AB || CD,
AB = 25 m, BC = 14 m, CD = 10 m and DA = 13 m.
Through C, draw a line parallel to DA to intersect AB at E.
In quadrilateral AECD, AE || CD and DA || CE
∴ AECD is a parallelogram.
∴ CE = DA = 13 m and AE = CD = 10 m
Now, BE = AB – AE = 25 – 10 = 15 m
In ∆ CEB, a = 13 m; b = 15 m and c = 14 m

In ∆ CEB, draw CM ⊥ BE.
Area of ∆ CEB = \(\frac{1}{2}\) × BE × CM
∴ 84 m² = \(\frac{1}{2}\) × 15 m × CM
∴ CM = \(\frac{84 \times 2}{15}\) m
∴ CM = 11.2 m
Area of parallelogram AECD
= Base × Corresponding altitude
= AE × CM
= 10 × 11.2 m²
= 112 m²
Hence, area of the field
= Area of trapezium ABCD
= Area of ∆ CEB + Area of parallelogram AECD
= 84 m² + 112 m²
= 196 m²
Note: After finding CM = 11.2m, the area of . the field can also be found as below:
Area of the field
= Area of trapezium ABCD
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × sum of parallel sides × distance between parallel sides
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × (AB + CD) × CM
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × (25 + 10) × 11.2 m²
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) × 35 × 11.2 m²
= 196 m²

Punjab State Board PSEB 9th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 12 Heron’s Formula MCQ Questions with Answers.

PSEB 9th Class Maths Chapter 12 Heron’s Formula MCQ Questions

Multiple Choice Questions and Answer

Answer each question by selecting the proper alternative from those given below each question to make the statement true:

Question 1.
The sides of a triangle measure 8cm, 12cm and 6 cm. Then, the semiperimeter of the triangle is ……………………… cm.
A. 26
B. 52
C. 13
D. 6.5
Answer:
C. 13

Question 2.
Each side of an equilateral triangle measures 8 cm. Then, the semiperimeter of the triangle is ……………………….. cm.
A. 4
B. 24
C. 12
D.36
Answer:
C. 12

Question 3.
In a right angled triangle, the length of the hypotenuse is 15 cm and one of the sides forming right angle is 9 cm. Then, the semiperimeter of the triangle is ……………………….. cm.
A. 36
B. 18
C. 12
D. 15
Answer:
B. 18

Question 4.
The ratio of the measures of the sides of a triangle is 3:4:5. If the semiperimeter of the < triangle is 36 cm, the measure of the longest side of the triangle is ……………………. cm.
A. 12
B. 15
C. 20
D. 30
Answer:
D. 30

Question 5.
The area of a triangle is 48 cm2 and one of its sides measures 12 cm. Then, the length of the altitude corresponding to this side is …………………. cm.
A. 4
B. 8
C. 16
D. 6
Answer:
B. 8

Question 6.
The sides of a triangle measure 12 cm, 17 cm and 25 cm. Then, the area of the triangle is ……………………….. cm².
A. 54
B. 90
C. 180
D. 135
Answer:
B. 90

Question 7.
Two sides of a triangle measure 9 cm and 10 cm. If the perimeter of the triangle is 36cm, then its area is …………………. cm².
A. 17
B. 36
C. 72
D. 18
Answer:
B. 36

Question 8.
The area of an equilateral triangle with each side measuring 10 cm is ………………….. cm².
A. \(\frac{5 \sqrt{3}}{2}\)
B. 25√3
C. 5√3
D. 3√5
Answer:
B. 25√3

Question 9.
∆ ABC is an isosceles triangle in which BC = 8 cm and AB = AC = 5 cm. Then, area of ∆ ABC = ……………………….. cm².
A. 6
B. 12
C. 18
D. 24
Answer:
B. 12

Question 10.
ABCD is a parallelogram. If ar (ABC) = 18 cm², then ar(ABCD) = …………………. cm².
A. 18
B. 9
C. 36
D. 27
Answer:
C. 36

Question 11.
ABCD is a parallelogram. If ar (ABC) = 18 cm², then ar (ABCD) = …………………. cm².
A. 3.6
B. 7.2
C. 7.5
D. 6
Answer:
B. 7.2

Question 12.
In quadrilateral ABCD, AC = 10 cm. BM and DN are altitudes on AC from B and D respectively. If BM = 12cm and DN = 4 cm, then ar (ABCD) = …………………. cm².
A. 160
B. 80
C. 320
D. 480
Answer:
B. 80

Question 13.
The perimeter of rhombus ABCD is 40 cm and BD =16 cm. Then, ar (ABCD) = ……………………. cm².
A. 96
B. 48
C. 24
D. 72
Answer:
A. 96

Question 14.
The area of a rhombus is 72 cm² and one of its diagonals measures 16 cm. Then, the length of the other diagonal is ………………… cm.
A. 12
B. 9
C. 18
D. 15
Answer:
B. 9

Question 15.
PQRS is a square. If PQ = 10 cm, then PR = ……………………….. cm.
A. 10
B. 20
C. 10√2
D. 2√10
Answer:
C. 10√2

Punjab State Board PSEB 9th Class English Book Solutions English Paragraph Writing Exercise Questions and Answers, Notes.

PSEB 9th Class English Paragraph Writing

1. My Father

My father is an able person. He is a farmer. He is not well-educated. But he knows his work well. He is very hard-working. He is truthful and honest. So people respect him. They greet him respectfully. My father has an open mind. He tries to settle the quarrels among the people of the village. He is the wisest man of the village. He leads a simple and clean life. He does not lose temper with anybody. He is respected by one and all. I am proud of my father.

2. My Mother

Shrimati Asha is my mother. She is 40 years old. She is a kind and noble lady. She is active and smart. She is an M.A. She is a very simple lady. She has good habits. She gets up early in the morning. Then she cleans the house. She takes a bath and prays to God. She goes to temple daily. She prepares food for us. She looks after us all. She helps me in my studies. At night, she tells us stories. She loves me very much. I am proud of my mother. May she live long !

3. My Younger Brother

Surinder is my younger brother. He is twelve years old. He is strong and healthy. He is tall for his age. He is very intelligent. He is honest. He never tells a lie. He is hard-working and obedient. He reads in the 6th class. He is the monitor of his class. He stands first in his class. He does his homework daily. He does not mix with bad boys. All the teachers love him. He is very fond of cricket. He is a member of the school cricket team. He is a good singer also. He is fond of reading storybooks. We are proud of him.

4. The Person I Dislike Most

Mr. Chaudhry, our next-door neighbour, is the person I dislike most. He has made our life miserable. Whenever he sees that we are studying, he switches on his TV at full volume. He has a big dog. He keeps it unchained. Many a time the dog bites people going through the street. Mr. Chaudhry’s wife is a very quarrelsome lady. She quarrels over trifles. She has six children. They make mischiefs all the day. Their mother never scolds them. These children are very rude. They know no manners. They write dirty words on the walls. But nobody dares complain against them to their parents. It is really a curse to have such a neighbour.

5. My School

I read in Arya High School, Ludhiana. It is a very big school. It has one huge gate. It has two storeys. There are fifty rooms. The rooms are airy. Each room has two electric fans. The hall of our school is very big. The school has two big playgrounds. It has a beautiful garden also. There are ten classes in our school.

Each class has four sections. Each section has about sixty students. Our Headmaster is very able. He is very kind to the students. He is very hardworking. The teachers of our school are also able and hard-working. They love the students and the students respect them. Our school shows very good results every year. I love my school. I am proud of it. May it propser day and night!

6. Our Headmaster

Sh. Sohan Lal is the headmaster of our school. He is forty years old. He is tall and strong. He is active and smart. He is an M.A., B.Ed. Our headmaster is true to his duty. He is very punctual. He comes to school in time. He sits in his office. He works very hard. He plans his work well. He is very intelligent. He watches the working of the school. All the teachers and students respect him. He is a good teacher. He is a good speaker. He is a good writer also. He has written many books. He is a good player. He plays games in the evening. He is all in all in our school. We are proud of him. May he live long !

7. The Prize Distribution Function

The prize distribution function of our school was held on the seventh of March this year. The Education Minister presided over the function. The Minister took his seat and the function began. The Headmaster spoke a few words to welcome the guests and the Minister. Then the Headmaster requested the Minister to give away the prizes. The Minister shook hands with the prize-winners. All the prize-winners were loudly cheered. After giving away the prizes, the Minister made a short speech. He congratulated the prize-winners. He congratulated the Headmaster and the staff on their excellent work. In the end, the Headmaster thanked the Minister and the function was over. Tea was served to the guests and the prize-winners.

8. Our School Peon

Ramu is our school peon. He is twenty-five years old. He is tall and strong. He wears a khaki uniform. He is obedient and honest. He is true to his duty. He respects the teachers. He always speaks the truth. He knows his job well. Ramu lives in the school. He gets up early in the morning. He sweeps the school. He dusts the office. He rings the bell at the right time. He is busy the whole day. He is loyal to the school. He looks after the school property. His duty is hard, but his pay is small. I pity his lot.

9. A Postman

The postman is a very useful public servant. His duty is very hard. He has to do his duty in sun and rain. He goes to the Head Post Office in the morning. There he gets the dak. He arranges the letters. He puts them in a bag. Then he goes on his beat. He goes from door to door. He is eagerly waited for. He brings good as well as bad news. He helps to bring the world closer. A postman has to work hard. But his pay is small. He can hardly make both ends meet. I pity his lot.

10. A Rickshaw-Puller 

The life of a rickshaw-puller is very hard. He lives by the sweat of his brow. He pulls heavy loads. He pulls men, women and children. It is very painful to look at him. A rickshaw-puller hardly gets as much as he deserves. People try to give him as little as possible. He has to work in sun and rain from morning till evening. Even then, he gets very little to eat. He is in rags. It is unlucky that even in this age of science men have to work like beasts of burden to earn their bread.

11. The Diwali Festival

Diwali is an important Indian festival. It falls in the month of October or November. It comes twenty days after Dussehra. Shri Ram came back to Ayodhya on this day. Shri Guru Hargobind was set free by the Mughal Emperor on this day. This festival is celebrated in every village and town. Houses and shops are painted in new colours. People light their homes with candles and electric lights. They buy sweets and toys. They distribute gifts among friends and relatives. Children enjoy fireworks at night. On this day, people worship goddess Lakshmi Some people gamble on this day. It is evil. It should be ended.

12. The Dussehra Festival

Dussehra is an important Hindu festival. It comes off in October. Rama defeated Ravar on this day. It marks the victory of good over evil. The festival lasts for ten days. Ram Lila staged at night. Many people come to see this Lila. On the last day, a fair is held. Many people come to see the fair. Everyone looks happy. Effigies of Ravana, Meghnada and Kumbhakarn are set up. Rama shoots arrows at the effigies. At about sunset, Hanumana sets them on fire After this people come back to their homes. They feel happy.

13. The Independence Day

India became a free country on August 15, 1947. So, August 15 is called the Independence Day of India. The British rule came to an end on this day. It is a red-letter day in the history of the country. It is celebrated all over the country with great enthusiasm. On this day, all schools, colleges and offices remain closed. It is a national holiday. Public meetings are held in all towns and cities. A big function is held in Delhi. The Prime Minister unfurls the national flag at the Red Fort. Our freedom is a hard-won freedom. We should protect it.

14. The Republic Day

India became a Republic on January 26, 1950. The Constitution of the country came into force on this day. India became a secular democratic country. The power of government passed into the hands of the common people. All castes, creeds and religions are to be equal in the eyes of the law. It is a red-letter day in the history of the country. It is celebrated all over the country with great enthusiasm. The national flag is unfurled at all the public buildings. A big function is held in Delhi. The President of the country presides over this function. It is worth seeing. This day is a national holiday.

15. Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869. He was unlike other boys. He was very gentle. He loved truth. He respected his teachers. After doing law he started practice in India. He did not take up false cases. He went to Africa to fight a case. There he saw the poor Indians. The English treated them badly. Gandhiji fought for their rights for ten years. Then he came back to India. He fought for the freedom of India. He gave us a new way of fighting. It was ‘ahimsa’. It was more powerful than violence. He was able to free India in 1947. He was a real Mahatma. He led a very simple life. He is called the Father of our Nation. A mad person shot him dead on January 30, 1948. Gandhiji’s name will always be remembered.

16. An Ideal Student

An ideal student is a knowledge-seeker in the real sense. He obeys his teachers. He has full confidence in them. He is regular and punctual. He works hard at studies. But he takes part in games also. He does not read cheap and dirty literature. He reads only good and useful books. An ideal student believes in simple living and high thinking. He knows the value of discipline. He does not waste the hard-earned money of his parents. An ideal student is a true patriot. In short, he has all the qualities of head and heart.

17. The Recess Period

The recess is the period of enjoyment. In this period, the students feel happy. They enjoy freedom for some time. As soon as the recess period begins, students rush out of their classrooms. Some of them run to the vendors. They buy things to eat. Others go to the taps to drink water. There is great rush in the playground. Some love to play there while others like to sit under the shady trees. They talk about their friends and teachers. Soon the bell goes. Students run back to their classes. The students feel fresh and start their studies once again.

18. A One-Day Cricket Match

Last Sunday, a one-day cricket match was played between our school and Arya High School. Each team played 40 overs. The match started at 10 a.m. We won the toss. We decided to bat first. Mohan and Gopal were our openers. Mohan made 30 runs and was out. Now Raja came in to bat. He did not play well. He was out for a duck. The next four players made 60 runs. Our team was out at 120 runs. Now it was the turn of Arya High School. They had good openers. They made 60 runs. Their third batsman was a hitter. He made 30 runs. But the other players were soon out. Their team could make only one hundred runs. We won the match by 20 runs. It was really a very interesting match.

19. A Football Match

Last Monday, a football match was played between our school and Khalsa School. It was played on our school grounds. Sh. Jaswant Singh was the referee. He blew the whistle. There was a toss. We won the toss. We chose our side. The match began. At first, the game was slow, but soon it became brisk. All the players played well. Our defence was very strong. There was no goal. The referee blew the whistle for interval. In the second half, Vinod passed the ball on to me. I ran with it into the Then I kicked it hard. It went through the poles. It was a goal. There were loud cheers. The referee blew the whistle. The game was over. We won the march by one goal.

20. A Kabaddi Match

I saw a kabaddi match last Sunday. It was played between our school and New High School. Sh. Mohan Lal was the referee. Many people came to see the match. There was a toss. We won the toss. We chose our side. Then the match began. First of all, our captain went running to the other side. He shouted, “Kabaddi, Kabaddi.” He came back. There was no point. Now it was the turn of New High School.

One of their players came to our side. He was caught. He could not go back. We scored a point. There were loud cheers. We scored more points. New High School team got only 8 points. We had gained 20 points. The referee blew a long whistle. The match came to an end. We won the match by 12 points. It was an interesting match.

21. Morning Walk

Morning walk is the best form of exercise. It costs nothing. It is very useful for our health. It refreshes our mind. It strengthens our body. It saves us from many diseases. Morning walk keeps us fresh for the whole day. It develops in us the habit of rising early. It brings pure thoughts in our mind. The dew drops, the fresh flowers, the chirping birds and the rustling leaves charm our mind. We start loving these objects of natural beauty. Thus, morning walk is useful not only for our body but for our mind also.

22. A Journey by Bus

Last Sunday, I went to Delhi by bus. I went to the bus stand and bought a ticket. A bus bound for Delhi was standing there. I got in and took the front seat. The conductor gave a whistle and the bus started. ‘We were soon out of the city. The driver drove very fast. But he was very good at his job. We felt quite safe. He left many buses behind. I saw farmers working in their fields. Here and there, I saw carts going on the road. The conductor was a jolly fellow. He made the journey pleasant by his witty talk. The bus reached Delhi at 6 p.m. It was a very pleasant journey.

23. A Journey by Train

Last year, I went to Delhi by train. I packed my luggage. I hired a rickshaw. I reached the station. I bought a ticket. I went to the platform. Soon the train arrived. I got into it. There was a great rush. But I was lucky. I got a seat near the window. The train started. I saw many things on the way. Farmers were ploughing the fields. Children were playing. A ticket-checker came. He checked our tickets. A young man was without ticket. He was fined. The train stopped at many stations. I bought a newspaper, I read it. It was 10 a.m. The train reached Delhi. It was a happy journey.

24. A Visit to a Zoo

There is a zoo in our city. I visited it last Sunday. I went with my parents. We bought tickets and went in. First of all, we saw birds. There were many beautiful and rare kinds of birds. We saw parrots, canaries, swallows, peacocks, ducks, cranes, herons, gulls and geese. Then we saw some wild beasts. A lioness and her cub were basking in the sun. They roared now and then. We also saw wolves, tigers, elephants and rhinos. When we were coming back, we saw a muddy pond. There were many big snakes in it. It was fearful to look at them. We stayed in the zoo for about three hours. Then we came back home.

25. A Visit to a Fair 

I went to see a fair last Tuesday. This fair is held every year in our town. It is held in the memory of a pious faqir. Many people go to see this fair. They include men of all religions and faiths. This year I went to see the fair with my parents. We offered flowers at the faqir’s tomb.

Then we went round the fair. There was a temporary bazaar. Stalls were arranged on either side. There was a great hustle and bustle. Sweets were in great demand. Children were enjoying rides in merry-go-rounds. A big shamiana was set up on one side of the fair. Qawalis were being sung there. We sat there for some time. Then we came back home.

26. A Visit to a Circus

A circus came to our town last month. I went to see it with my parents. We bought tickets and went in. We took our seats in the front row. First of all, a young girl came in. She had an umbrella in her hand. She walked on a rope. Then some more girls joined her. They showed various feats in gymnastics. They looked like rubber dolls. One of the girls jumped through a fire ring. Then there were animal shows. An elephant drank water from a bottle. A lion and a goat played with each other. A monkey drove a mini-cycle. The show came to an end at 7 p.m. I liked it very much.

27. A Visit to a Historical Place

During the last spring holidays, I went to Agra. There I visited the Taj. It is built outside the city on the bank of the Yamuna. A large gateway of red stone provides the entrance. The Taj is a large and beautiful building. It stands on a raised platform. In the middle of the platform, there is a splendid white dome. At its four corners, there are four stately towers. Underneath the white dome are the marble tombs of Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan. The whole building is surrounded by a garden on three sides. On the fourth side, the river Yamuna grazes it. No words can describe the beauty of the Taj.

28. A Scene at the Railway Station

Last Sunday, my father went to Delhi. I went to the station to see him off. I bought a ticket and a platform ticket. We went to the platform. There was great hustle and bustle. Some men were buying books at the bookstall. The hawkers were going up and down the platform. The coolies were busy. People were waiting for the train. Soon the train arrived. There was a great rush in it. Some passengers got down. Others got in and took their seats. I got a seat for my father. The engine gave a whistle. The guard waved a green flag. The train again whistled and steamed off. Now there was all quiet on the platform. I came back home.

29. A Scene at the Bus Stand

Last Monday, I went to the bus stand to see off my uncle. The bus stand was humming with life. There were separate parking stands for different routes. A bus was parked at each stand. Men behind the counter were issuing tickets. The conductors were shouting to attract passengers for their respective buses. As soon as a bus was full, the conductor blew his whistle and the bus moved out of the stand. Another one immediately took its place. This activity was going on endlessly. I bought a ticket for my uncle, got him a good seat and then came back home.

30. A House on Fire

It was Sunday. I was sitting in my room with my friend, Atul. Suddenly, we saw clouds of smoke rising in the sky. There was a big fire in the next street. People were running to the site of fire. Children were shouting for help. People brought buckets of water. We also joined them. We threw sand and water on the flames. The fire was put out after half an hour. It was the house of a carpenter. The poor man suffered a big loss. All his wood, grain and money were gone. The house was reduced to ashes. He was very sad at his loss. People felt sorry for him. They gave him food, clothes and some money. The poor carpenter thanked them with folded hands.

31. A Bus Accident

Last Monday, I was travelling from Panipat to Delhi by bus. We had hardly gone twenty kilometres when a dreadful accident took place. All of a sudden a scooterist, coming from a side-road, came in front of the bus. The driver at once applied the brakes, and also turned the bus to one side. All the passengers were thrown off their seats. In no time, the bus went off the road and fell into a ditch. There were loud cries. Many passengers were badly wounded. I, too, got a deep cut on my forehead. Many people gathered there. They helped us to get out of the bus. Luckily there was no death. The scooterist had sped away. I reached home with a bandaged head.

32. A Street Quarrel

Last evening, I was sitting near the window of my room. I saw two children playing in the street. Suddenly, they fell out. Other boys of the street gathered there. None tried to separate them. They kept looking on. Soon, the mothers of both the children reached there. They started abusing each other. They used very dirty words for each other. From hot words, they came to blows. They pulled each other’s hair. Luckily, an elderly woman came there. She separated the fighting ladies. She spoke to them very wisely. The two women realised their mistake. They went back to their homes. Both the children started playing together once again.

33. A Rainy Day

It was the month of July last year. One day, it was very hot. Men and animals were panting. All were perspiring. We longed for a shower of rain. In the afternoon, some clouds appeared in the east. Soon the whole sky was overcast with dark clouds. It started raining heavily. Streets and bazaars were flooded with water. Little children came out and played in the rain. They splashed water over one another. The rain stopped after two hours. It became very cool and pleasant. Streets and bazaars were washed clean. The city gave a fresh look.

34. Life in a Village

The three words that can amply describe the life in a village are — Simple, Pure and Fresh. The villagers are very simple-hearted people. They know no cunning. They are pure in their thoughts and actions. They are very hospitable. They live simply and happily. They have no anxiety. Life in a village is very calm and peaceful. It is free from the noise and din of cities. The air is fresh and health-giving. Says Leo Tolstoy in one of his stories, “A villager’s life is not a fat one, but it is a long one.” He may never grow rich, but he has always enough to eat. In short, we can say that life in a village is worth living.

35. How I Celebrated My Birthday

I gave a party on my birthday. I invited all my friends. The party was held at my house. The party began at 6 p.m. A big cake was placed on a table. All my friends stood round the table. I cut the cake with a knife. My friends and parents chanted three times : ‘Happy Birthday To You.’ Then everybody set to eating. The cake was served to all. It was very tasty. There were many things to eat. Everybody ate to their heart’s content. There was singing and dancing also. Everyone enjoyed the party. It was over by 8 p.m. My friends congratulated me once again and went back to their homes.

36. A Drowning Tragedy

One day, I was picnicking with some of my friends on the riverbank. A boy named Kamal fell into the river. He didn’t know how to swim. I saw him struggling with water. It was a painful sight. I at once jumped into the river. I swam to him and brought him out with great difficulty. He had swallowed a lot of water. He was unconscious. We, at once called a doctor. Someone ran to inform Kamal’s parents. The doctor pressed out the water from Kamal’s belly. Kamal opened his eyes. We felt great relief. After some time Kamal’s parents reached the place. They thanked me and the doctor again and again.

37. The Golden Temple

Amritsar is also called Guru-ki-nagri. It is famous for the Golden Temple. The Temple is situated in the city. It is surrounded by many narrow lanes. The golden shrine built in the middle of the sarover shines at sunrise and sunset. It was built by Guru Arjun Dev Ji. It is a unique experience when Granth Sahib is brought out from the Akal Takhat Sahib amidst chanting of hymns and blowing of bugles.

The Akal Takhat Sahib, facing the Harmandir Sahib, was built by Guru Hargobind Ji. It was used for holding courts. The complex has a museum of rare paintings, books, shashtras, etc. The lives of the Gurus are described through them. There is a big bazaar near Darshani Deori. Gutakas, karas and other articles related to the Sikh religion are sold there. Home-made papad-varian, chura-bangles, dry fruit are also sold in many shops. There are number of hotels and guest houses near the Temple for tourists to stay. There is a sarai also for pilgrims in the Temple. The Golden Temple is indeed a worth-visiting place.

38. Canada

Canada is one of the largest country of the world. Its area is 9,976,139 sq. km. and population is about 32 million. The capital city of Canada is Ottawa. The currency of the country is Canadian dollar. English and French are the official languages of Canada. In winter, the climate of Canada is bitterly cold. In some regions, the mercury may dip to -65°C. The average temperature in Ottawa is from -15°C to -6°C in January.

In July, the average temperature is 15°C to 26°C. The main products of Canada are fruit, vegetables, livestock, tobacco, copper, zinc, iron, salt, oil and natural gas. And major industries of the country are agriculture, forestry, food processing, transport, chemicals, oil and gas refining and cement. Vehicles, machinery, food stuffs, natural gas, meat, coal and timber are exported to other countries. Canada is one of the most developed nations of the world.

39. Aruna Asif Ali

Aruna Asif Ali is known as the Grand Old Lady of India. She took active part in the Independence movement. She was born in an orthodox Hindu Bengali family in 1909 at Kalka. She married a Muslim, Mr. Asif Ali, thus breaking all conventions regarding marriage. Her husband, Mr. Asif Ali, was also involved in the freedom struggle. Aruna Asif Ali took part in Salt Satyagrah under the leadership of Gandhiji.

She addressed many public meetings and led processions for the cause of India’s independence from the British rule. As a result, she was sentenced to one-year imprisonment. But she didn’t give up the cause for which she was fighting against the British rule. She was again sentenced to jail.

She became the editor of the newspaper ‘Inquilab’. After Independence, she became a social worker. She fought for the rights of women. In 1992 she received Nehru Award for International Understanding. She passed away in July 1996. She was honoured with Bharat Ratna posthumously.

40. The Tribals of Odisha 

There are many tribal groups in Odisha. They live in remote places. One such group lives in the forests of Kalahandi. These people are one of most backward tribes in the world. They have dark skin and black hair. The women wear bright-coloured saris while the men wear nothing but loincloth.

They still believe that India is ruled by kings. These people are illiterate as they do not have any facility of schooling, means of transportation and proper motorable roads. As a result, they are cut off from the rest of the world. They do not have any idea of currency notes. They still use barter system.

They usually live in groups and each group has common property. They cure diseases with herbs and set bones by rubbing oils. The government should launch schemes to educate them and bring them to the mainstream of the nation.

41. An Incident of Burglary

Mr. Ramanathan is an affluent businessman of our town. One day, he with his family went out of the town to attend a wedding. There was nobody at home and the house was locked from outside. A thief broke into the house at night. He decamped with the jewellery, valuables and money.

But the neighbours had seen the lights on and they informed the police about it. The police came along with a dog. They found the thief’s glove. The dog sniffed the scent of the thief. It took the policemen to the thief’s place. Thus the thief was arrested and the case was solved. The policemen were rewarded by the department for their efficiency.

42. Floods in Mumbai

On July 26, 2005, I was busy shopping in a famous crowded market, although it was raining. Gradually, it started raining heavily. Now, it was impossible to go from there. Therefore, I took shelter in a shop. Soon, the place got flooded and water started entering the shops. The articles in the shops started floating in the water and the shopkeeper tried to retrieve valuable articles. The entire area was submerged in the flood water.

Many vehicles couldn’t move in the flood water. The people had to stay in them. Some other people took shelter in shops and houses. Suddenly, it started raining like hell. Now water in the shops and houses rose up to 6-7 feet. The people had to move to first floor. In no time the army swung into action. The volunteers of many NGO’s started helping the affected people with food and water. All this went on for more than 24 hours. It was really a horrifying experience which I can never forget.

43. The Lohri Festival

Lohri is a festival of fun and frolic. It is generally celebrated on 13th of January every year. This festival is related to the folklore of Dulla Bhatti. At sunset, people light up bonfires in the open in front of their houses. Lohri is celebrated with more enthusiasm in the families where there is a newborn son or a newly married person.

Giddha or Bhangra is performed to the beats of the drums. On the day of Lohri, children go singing from house to house asking for money and sweets. Lohri is a busy festival. People meet their friends and relatives and exchange greetings and gifts.

44. How to Make Papier-mache -Toys

In order to make toys with papier-mache, old newspaper sheets are taken. They are torn into small pieces. These pieces are soaked in water overnight. Next day, the mixture is boiled for half an hour. After that, the mixture is whipped till it becomes soft and pulpy.

The water is squeezed out from the mixture and two tablespoons of white gum are added into it. The mixture is stirred well and then the toys are made from it. These toys are left to dry overnight or more. Then they are painted with water-based colour. To make these toys waterproof, two or three coats of lacquer are given on them. Masks can also be made in the same manner.

45. How to Make Gajrela

It is very easy to make gajrela at home. Take three kilograms of large carrots and wash them properly. Then grate the carrots. Mix 242 litres milk with the carrots. After that put the mixture in a pan and boil it till the mixture becomes very thick. Add 3/4 cup of sugar and 250 gm of khoya in the mixture.

Stir the mixture till it becomes thick. Stir it continuously as the mixture should not stick to the pan. Now remove the pan from the fire. Add nuts to it. Your gajrela is ready. Let it cool before serving. It can also be served hot.

Punjab State Board PSEB 9th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 12 Heron’s Formula Ex 12.1 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 12 Heron’s Formula Ex 12.1

Question 1.
A traffic signal board, indicating ‘SCHOOL AHEAD’, is an equilateral triangle with side ‘a’. Find the area of the signal board, using Heron’s formula. If its perimeter is 180 cm, what will be the area of the signal board?
Answer:
In equilateral ∆ ABC, the length of each side is a.
∴ a = a, b = a, c = a
and semiperimeter s = \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\) = \(\frac{a+a+a}{2}\) = \(\frac{3}{2}\)a
Now,
s – a = \(\frac{3}{2}\)a – a = \(\frac{1}{2}\)a,
s – b = \(\frac{3}{2}\)a – a = \(\frac{1}{2}\)a, and
s – c = \(\frac{3}{2}\)a – a = \(\frac{1}{2}\)a,

Now, the perimeter of equilateral ∆ ABC is 180 cm.
∴ Length of each side = \(\frac{180}{3}\) = 60 cm and
semiperimeter s = \(\frac{180}{2}\) = 90 cm.
Here, a = b = c = 60 cm and s = 90 cm
∴ s – a = 90 – 60 = 30 cm,
s – b = 90 – 60 = 30 cm and
s – c = 90 – 60 = 30 cm.
Area of ∆ ABC = \(\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}\)
= \(\sqrt{90 \times 30 \times 30 \times 30}\) cm²
= \(\sqrt{3 \times 900 \times 900}\) cm²
= 30 × 30 × √3 cm²
= 900 √3 cm²

Question 2.
The triangular side walls of a flyover have been used for advertisements. The sides of the walls are 122 m, 22 m and 120 m (see the given figure). The advertisements yield an earning of ₹ 5000 per m² per year. A company hired one of its walls for 3 months. How much rent did it pay?

Answer:
For triangular side wall of the flyover,
a = 122 m, b = 120 m and c = 22 m.
Semiperimeter s = \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
= \(\frac{122+120+22}{2}\)
= \(\frac{264}{2}\)
= 132 m
Area of triangular side wall
= \(\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}\)
= \(\sqrt{132(132-122)(132-120)(132-22)}\) m²
= \(\sqrt{132 \times 10 \times 12 \times 110}\) m²
= \(\sqrt{12 \times 11 \times 10 \times 12 \times 11 \times 10}\) m²
= 12 × 11 × 10 m²
= 1320 m²
∴ Annual rent of one wall = ₹ (1320 × 5000)
∴ Rent of one wall for 3 months
= ₹ (1320 × 5000 × \(\frac{3}{12}\))
= ₹ 16,50,000

Question 3.
There is a slide in a park. One of its side walls has been painted in some colour with a message “KEEP THE PARK GREEN AND CLEAN” (see the given figure). If the sides of the wall are 15 m, 11m and 6 m, find the area painted in colour.

Answer:
The lengths of the triangular side wall are
15 m, 11m and 6 m.
∴ a = 15 m, b = 11m, c = 6m and
semiperimeter s = \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\) = \(\frac{15+11+6}{2}\) = \(\frac{32}{2}\) = 16 cm
Then, s – a = 16 – 15 = 1 m,
s – b = 16 – 11 = 5 m, and
s – c = 16 – 6 = 10m.
Area of the triangular region painted in colour
= \(\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}\)
= \(\sqrt{16 \times 1 \times 5 \times 10}\) m²
= \(\sqrt{16 \times 5 \times 5 \times 2}\) m²
= 4 × 5 × √2 m²
= 20√2 m²

Question 4.
Find the area of a triangle two sides of which are 18 cm and 10 cm and the perimeter is 42 cm.
Answer:
Here, perimeter of the triangle = 42 cm
∴ Semiperimeter s = \(\frac{42}{2}\) = 21 cm.
Now, a = 18 cm and b = 10 cm.
s = \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
∴ 21 = \(\frac{18+10+c}{2}\)
∴ 42 = 28 + c
∴ c = 14 cm
Now,
s – a = 21 – 18 = 3 cm,
s – b = 21 – 10 = 11 cm and
s – c = 21 – 14 = 7 cm.
Area of a triangle = \(\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}\)
= \(\sqrt{21 \times 3 \times 11 \times 7}\) cm²
= \(\sqrt{21 \times 21 \times 11}\) cm²
= 21√11 cm²

Question 5.
Sides of a triangle are in the ratio of 12 : 17 : 25 and its perimeter is 540 cm. Find its area.
Answer:
Suppose the sides of the triangle measure 12x cm, 17x cm and 25x cm.
Perimeter of a triangle = Stun of three sides
∴ 540 = 12x + 17x + 25x
∴ 540 = 54x
∴ x = 10
Then, the measures of the sides of the triangle are,
a = 12 × 10 = 120 cm,
b = 17 × 10 = 170 cm and
c = 25 × 10 = 250 cm.
Now, s – a = 270 – 120 = 150 cm,
s – b = 270 – 170 = 100 cm and
s – c = 270 – 250 = 20 cm.
Area of a triangle
= \(\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}\)
= 7\(\sqrt{270(150)(100)(20)}\) cm²
= \(\sqrt{270 \times 30 \times 5 \times 100 \times 5 \times 4}\) cm²
= \(\sqrt{8100 \times 25 \times 400}\) cm²
= \(\sqrt{(90)^{2} \times(5)^{2} \times(20)^{2}}\) cm²
= 90 × 5 × 20 cm²
= 9000 cm²

Question 6.
An isosceles triangle has perimeter 30 cm and each of the equal sides is 12 cm. Find the area of the triangle.
Answer:
Let, the sides of the isosceles triangle be a = 12 cm, b = 12 cm and c cm.
Perimeter of triangle = Sum of three sides
∴ 30 = 12 + 12 + c
∴ 30 = 24 + c
∴ c = 6 cm
Now, semiperimeter s = \(\frac{\text { Perimeter }}{2}\) = \(\frac{30}{2}\) = 15 cm
Then, s – a = 15 – 12 = 3 cm,
s – b = 15 – 12 = 3 cm and
s – c = 15 – 6 = 9 cm.
Area of a triangle = \(\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}\)
= \(\sqrt{15 \times 3 \times 3 \times 9}\) cm²
= \(\sqrt{15 \times 9 \times 9}\) cm²
= 9 √15 cm²

Punjab State Board PSEB 9th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.1 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.1

Question 1.
Which of the following expressions are polynomials in one variable and which are not? State reasons for your answer.
(i) 4x² – 3x + 7
Answer:
4x² – 3x + 7 is a polynomial in one variable, because in each term the exponent of variable x is a whole number.

(ii) y² + √2
Answer:
y² + √2 is a polynomial in one variable, because in each term the exponent of variable y is a whole number.

(iii) 3√t + t√2
Answer:
3√t + t√2 = \(3 t^{\frac{1}{2}}\) + √2t is not a polynomial in one variable, because the exponent of t in the first term is \(\frac{1}{2}\) which is not a whole number.

(iv) y + \(\frac{2}{y}\)
Answer:
y + \(\frac{2}{y}\) = y + 2y^-1 is not a polynomial in one variable, because the exponent of y in the second term is – 1 which is not a whole number.

(v) x¹⁰ + y³ + t⁵⁰
Answer:
x¹⁰ + y³ + t⁵⁰ is a polynomial, because the exponent of each of the variables x, y and t is a whole number, but it is not a polynomial in one variable.

Question 2.
Write the coefficients of x² in each of the following:
(i) 2 + x² + x
Answer:
In polynomial 2 + x² + x, the coefficient of x² is 1.

(ii) 2 – x² + x³
Answer:
In polynomial 2 – x² + x³, the coefficient of x² is – 1.

(iii) \(\frac{\pi}{2}\)x² + x
Answer:
In polynomial \(\frac{\pi}{2}\)x² + x, the coefficient of x² is \(\frac{\pi}{2}\).

(iv) √2x – 1
Answer:
In polynomial √2x – 1, the coefficient of x² is 0 as the term with x² is missing.

Question 3.
Give one example each of a binomial of degree 35 and of a monomial of degree 100.
Answer:
4x³⁵ – 2, √5 x³⁵ + 11, 7x³⁵ – √3 x are a few examples of a binomial of degree 35. Similarly, 7x¹⁰⁰, √2 x¹⁰⁰, 4π x¹⁰⁰ are a few examples of a monomial of degree 100.

Question 4.
Write the degree of each of the following polynomials:
(i) 5x³ + 4x² + 7x
Answer:
The degree of polynomial 5x³ + 4x² + 7x is 3.

(ii) 4 – y²
Answer:
The degree of polynomial 4 – y² is 2.

(iii) 5t – √7
Answer:
The degree of polynomial 5t – √7 is 1.

(iv) 3
Answer:
As the degree of constant polynomial 3 = 3x⁰ is 0.

Question 5.
Classify the following as and cubic polynomials:
(i) x² + x
Answer:
As the degree of polynomial x² + x is 2, it is a quadratic polynomial.

(ii) x – x³
Answer:
As the degree of polynomial x – x³ is 3 it is a cubic polynomial.

(iii) y + y² + 4
Answer:
As the degree of polynomial y + y² + 4 2. it is a quadratic polynomial.

(iv) 1 + x
Answer:
As the degree of polynomial 1 + x is 1, it is a linear polynomial.

(v) 3t
Answer:
As the degree of polynomial 3t is 1, it is a linear polynomial.

(vi) r²
Answer:
As the degree of polynomial r² is 2, it is a quadratic polynomial.

(vii) 7x³
Answer:
As the degree of polynomial 7x³ is 3, it is a cubic polynomial.

Punjab State Board PSEB 9th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 11 Constructions Ex 11.2 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 11 Constructions Ex 11.2

Question 1.
Construct a triangle ABC in which BC = 7cm, ∠B = 75° and AB + AC = 13cm.
Answer:

Steps of construction:

1. Draw any ray BX. With centre B and radius 7 cm draw an arc to intersect BX at C.
2. At B, construct ∠YBC with measure 75°.
3. With centre B and radius 13 cm, draw an arc to intersect BY at M.
4. Draw line segment MC. Draw the perpendicular bisector of MC to intersect BM at A.
5. Draw line segment AC.
   Then, ∆ ABC is the required triangle.

Question 2.
Construct a triangle ABC in which BC = 8 cm, ∠B = 45° and AB – AC = 3.5 cm.
Answer:

Steps of construction:

1. Draw any ray BX and from that obtain the line segment BC of length 8 cm.
2. At B, draw ray BY such that ∠YBC = 45°.
3. With centre B and radius 3.5 cm, draw an arc to intersect ray BY at D.
4. Draw line segment DC. Draw the perpendicular bisector of DC to intersect ray BY at A.
5. Draw line segment AC.
   Then, ∆ ABC is the required triangle.

Question 3.
Construct a triangle PQR in which QR = 6 cm, ∠Q = 60° and PR – PQ = 2 cm.
Answer:

Steps of construction:

1. Draw any ray QX and from that obtain the line segment QR of length 6 cm.
2. At Q, construct ray QY such that Z YQR = 60°.
3. Produce ray QY on the side of Q to obtain ray QZ. Obtain point S on ray QZ such that QS = 2 cm.
4. Draw line segment RS. Draw the perpendicular bisector of RS to intersect QY at E
5. Draw line segment PR.
   Then, ∆ PQR is the required triangle.

Question 4.
Construct a triangle XYZ in which ∠Y = 30°, ∠Z = 90° and XY + YZ + ZX = 11 cm.
Answer:

Steps of construction:

1. Draw any ray AP and from that obtain the line segment AB of length 11 cm.
2. Construct ray AL such that ∠LAB = 30°.
3. Construct ray BM such that ∠MBA = 90°.
4. Draw the bisectors of ∠LAB and ∠MBA to intersect each other at X.
5. Draw line segment XB. Draw the perpendicular bisector of XB to intersect AB at Z.
6. Draw line segment XA. Draw the perpendicular bisector of XA to intersect AB at Y.
7. Draw line segments XY and XZ.
   Then, ∆ XYZ is the required triangle.

Question 5.
Construct a right triangle whose base is 12 cm and sum of its hypotenuse and other side is 18 cm.
Answer:

Steps of construction:

1. Draw any ray BX and from that obtain the line segment BC of length 12 cm.
2. Construct ray BY such that ∠YBC = 90°.
3. Taking B as centre and radius 18 cm, draw an arc to intersect BY at M.
4. Draw line segment CM. Draw the perpendicular bisector of CM to intersect BM at A.
5. Draw line segment AC.
   Then, ∆ ABC is the require triangle in which ∠B is a right angle, BC = 12 cm and AB + AC = 18 cm.

Punjab State Board PSEB 9th Class English Book Solutions English Reading Comprehension Unseen Passages Exercise Questions and Answers, Notes.

PSEB 9th Class English Reading Comprehension Unseen Passages

(A) Passages From Grammar Book Note :

• In all the passages, questions have been changed according to new Pattern of Testing.
• Answers have been given at the end of this set.

Passage 1

During the winter of 1945, I lived for several months in a house in Brooklyn. It was not a shabby place, but a pleasantly furnished one. It was well-kept by its owners – two elderly sisters. Mr. Jones lived in the room next to mine. My room was the smallest in the house, his the largest, a nice big sunshiny room, which Mr. Jones never left. All his needs meal, shopping, laundry? – were attended to by the middle-aged landladies.

Also, he was not without visitors; on an average, half-dozen various persons, men and women, young and old, in-between visited him from early morning till late in the evening. He was not a drug dealer or a fortune-teller“; no, they just came to talk to him and apparently they made him small gifts of money for his conversation and advice. If not, he had no obvious? means to support himself. I never had a conversation with him, because I was out most of the time. He was a handsome man about forty.

Slenders, black-haired and with distinctive face; a pale, lean face, high cheek bones, and with a birthmark on his left cheek. He wore gold-rimmed glasses with black lenses, for he was blind and cripple too. He was always dressed in pressed dark grey or blue three-piece suit and a light coloured tie — as though he was to set off for work.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
Jones earned his living by …………
(a) selling drugs.
(b) telling future
(c) giving advice to people
(d) by working in farms.
Answer:
(c) giving advice to people

Question 2.
Mr. Jones was looked after by ……………
(a) the landladies
(b) the visitors
(c) the author
(d) the landlords.
Answer:
(a) the landladies

Question 3.
……….. came to visit Mr. Jones.
(a) Old people
(b) Young people
(c) Poor people
(d) People of all ages.
Answer:
(d) People of all ages.

Question 4.
What did the landladies do for Mr. Jones ?
(a) They prepared meals for him.
(b) They did shopping for him.
(c) They washed his clothes.
(d) All of these three.
Answer:
(d) All of these three.

Question 5.
Mr Jones had a birthmark on his ………
(a) left ear
(b) right ear
(c) left cheek
(d) right cheek.
Answer:
(d) right cheek.

Passage – 2

Yehudi Menuhin moved from Highgate into his early 19th century house in London’s Belgravia last July but has only lived in it for a couple of months. Born in 1917, the famous? violinist and conductor, who first began his public career at the age of seven in San Francisco, still spends nine months of the year on tour. His room is four storeys up on the top floor and a lift was waiting for us in the front hall. His wife greets us and we find the maestro waiting for us on the landing.

He leads the way up a further flight of polished wooden stairs to his studio. “This is my room and I absolutely love it.’ The idea is that the studio should look like a ship. Its walls are covered with pinewood and natural light comes in through the windows in the roof. On the floor, there are cotton rugs which were made in central Asia. The whole of one wall is covered with letters in frames, paintings and prints, mostly collected by his wife Diana. ‘Anything I have of beauty or value was given to me by my wife, including herself.’ He doesn’t like empty surfaces.

“I need many tables. The card table proves his point, with its neat rows of objects standing around a figure that was found in the Athens antique market. The grand piano belonged to Menuhin’s mother-in-law, who was a brilliant pianist. Rows of photographs are displayed on top. An Indian string instrument lying by the window contrasts with the record player and tape deck nearby:

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
Where does Yehudi Menuhin live ?
(a) London.
(b) Canada.
(c) Belmont
(d) New York
Answer:
(a) London.

Question 2.
Which instrument does he play?
(a) Piano.
(b) Guitar.
(c) Violin.
(d) Flute.
Answer:
(c) Violin.

Question 3.
When Menuhin was only seven years old …..
(a) he went to San Franciso.
(b) he performed for the public for the first time.
(c) both (a) and (b).
(d) neither (a) nor (b).
Answer:
(c) both (a) and (b).

Question 4.
The walls of Yehudi’s studio are covered with
(a) plaster.
(b) wall paper.
(c) pinewood.
(d) paintings.
Answer:
(c) pinewood.

Question 5.
Who does a brilliant pianist refer to ?
(a) Yehudi’s mother.
(b) Yehudi’s mother-in-law.
(c) Yehudi’s wife.
(d) Yehudi Menuhin.
Answer:
(b) Yehudi’s mother-in-law.

Question 6.
What does the word ‘antique’ mean?
(a) old and valuable
(b) old and cheap
(c) new and valuable
(d) new and cheap.
Answer:
(a) old and valuable

Passage – 3

What kind of car will we be driving in 2030 ? Rather different from the type we know today, with the next 10 years bringing greater change than the past 50. The people who will be designing the models of tomorrow, believe that environmental problems may well accelerate the pace of the car’s development. Today, they are students of the transport design course at London’s Royal College of Art.

Their visions is of a machine with three wheels instead of four, electrically powered, environmentally clean, and able to drive itself along ‘intelligent’ roads with built-in power supplies. Future cars will pick up their fuel during long journeys from a power source built into the road, or store it in small quantities for travelling in the city.

Instead of today’s seating arrangement – two in front, two or three behind, all facing forward the 2010 car will have a different design with adults and children sitting in a family circle.

This view of the future car is based on a much more sophisticated” road system, with strips built into motorways to supply power to vehicles passing along them. Cars will not need drivers, because computers will provide safe driving control and route finding. All the driver will have to do is, say where to go and the computer will do the rest. It will become impossible for the cars to crash into one another. The technology already exists for the car to become a true automobile?.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
Why will the new cars be developed ?
(a) Because of the fuel problems of today.
(b) Because of the traffic problems of today.
(c) Because of the environmental problems of today.
(d) None of these three.
Answer:
(c) Because of the environmental problems of today.

Question 2.
Who is going to develop them?
(a) The students of Belmont’s Royal College of Art.
(b) The students of London’s King College of Art.
(c) The students of Belmont’s King College of Art.
(d) The students of London’s Royal College of Art.
Answer:
(d) The students of London’s Royal College of Art.

Question 3.
How will the future cars be different from the present ones?
(a) They will cause no problem.
(b) They will be driven by computers.
(c) They will require no fuel.
(d) Any of the above.
Answer:
(b) They will be driven by computers.

Question 4.
How will the driving of cars become safer and easier in the 2030 ?
(a) Because the cars will be driven by computers.
(b) Because of the advanced road system.
(c) Because there will be less traffic on the roads.
(d) Because the people will obey the traffic rules.
Answer:
(a) Because the cars will be driven by computers.

Question 5.
The future cars will leave the environment clean. How ?
(a) They won’t cause any traffic problem.
(b) They won’t cause any noise pollution.
(c) They won’t give out any fumes.
(d) All of the above.
Answer:
(c) They won’t give out any fumes.

Question 6.
The word ‘supply’ in para 3 means ………
(a) provide
(b) allow
(c) support
(d) refuse.
Answer:
(a) provide

Passage 4

Tokyo is an ugly city. There are hardly any beautiful or even good buildings; there are very few parks; there are no mountains or even hills inside or outside the city; there is no green belt; there are few monuments worth looking at; the air pollution is terrifying; the perpetual noise deafening; the traffic murderous.

But not all is ugliness in Tokyo. There are a few good buildings and impressive? temples and shrines; there are a few parks worth visiting. And the overcrowding, the lack of space, has one advantage, pleasing at least to the eye. Everything has to be small in Tokyo; houses, rooms, shops – even, one feels, people, to fit into the small houses. Long side-streets consist of tiny houses only, and this often creates a toy-like, unreal quality, with small women tiptoeing along in their kimonos and equally small men sitting, motionless, inside their tiny shops.

Tokyo at night is a very different place from Tokyo in daytime. After the offices have closed and commuters have left the town, Tokyo puts on a new face. Millions of neon signs are switched on. At cafes, bars and nightclubs, sushi-places, yakitoriya, Chinese restaurants and theatres, cinemas, and many other places, this wild nightlife goes on and on and on – until 10.30 at night. Some nightclubs stay open till much later. By 11 p.m. (earlier on Sundays) all the gaiety is over, everyone is at home and in bed.

A town is not its buildings alone, it is an atmosphere, its ambience“, its feel, its pleasures, its sadness, its madness, its disappointments and above all its people. Tokyo may lack architectural beauty but it has character and excitement; it is alive. I found it a mysterious and lovable city.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
Which characteristics goes against Tokyo ?
(a) There are very few parks.
(b) There are no green belts.
(c) There are no mountains or hills.
(d) All of these there.
Answer:
(d) All of these there.

Question 2.
Tokyo looks beautiful only ………..
(a) at night
(b) af dawn
(c) in the morning
(d) in the afternoon.
Answer:
(a) at night

Question 3.
What makes the city pleasant ?
(a) Its atomsphere
(b) Its character
(c) Its excitement.
(d) Any of these three.
Answer:
(d) Any of these three.

Question 4.
The author likes Tokyo and he calls it …………..
(a) a lovable city
(b) a mysterious city
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Neither (a) nor (b).
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b)

Question 5.
Which word in the passage means ‘atmosphere’?
(a) impressive
(b) ambience
(c) commuters
(d) architectural.
Answer:
(b) ambience

Passage 5

Even after three decades, the memory of that September afternoon is still fresh. It started and ended in a few seconds; but the disappointment haunts? me till the day. The toil, the tension, the torment, I’ve lived with them all. Today when I recall those moments, my heart bleeds. Isn’t it ironical that the best chapter of one’s life should end in pain ? For me, the pain is more than words can ever describe.

Missing an Olympic medal by a whisker caused me more disappointment than the happiness which I experienced after winning the medals in the Asian Games and from my winning sequence all over the Europe. Looking back, I would say it was a matter of luck.

I am sure Ron Clarke would agree with that. The great middle-distance runner set 17 world records but could not win an Olympic gold. Even to this day, I regreto not having entered the 200 metre race, where I could have figured among the medal winners. There is no question about it.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
What disappointment does Milkha Singh talk about ?
(a) It is his failure to win the Asian gold.
(b) It is his failure to win the Olympic gold.
(c) both (a) and (b).
(d) neither (a) nor (b).
Answer:
(b) It is his failure to win the Olympic gold.

Question 2.
Why does his heart bleed ?
(a) He could not enter the 400 metre race.
(b) He could not win the Asian Gold medal.
(c) He had missed the Olympic medal by a whisker.
(d) All of these three.
Answer:
(c) He had missed the Olympic medal by a whisker.

Question 3.
Why does Milkha Singh mention Ron Clarke ?
(a) It was Ron Clarke who had challenged him.
(b) It was Ron Clarke who had won that mental.
(c) It was Ron Clarke who had won the Olympic medal.
(d) None of these three.
Answer:
(b) It was Ron Clarke who had won that mental.

Question 4.
“The great middle-distance runner set 17 world records ……… Who is the runner referred to in this line ?
(a) Ron Clarke
(b) P. T. Usha
(c) Milkha Singh
(d) Usain Bolt.
Answer:
(c) Milkha Singh

Question 5.
Which word in the passage means ‘a narrow margin’ ?
(a) haunts
(b) regret
(c) whisker
(d) decade.
Answer:
(c) whisker

Passage 6

An Irishman Foresees His Death
I know I should meet my fate?
Somewhere in the clouds above;
Those that I fight I do not hate,
Those I guard I do not love;

My country is Kiltartan’s poor,
No likely end could bring them loss
Or leave them happier than before. :
Nor law, nor duty bade? me fight,

Nor publicmen, nor cheering crowds?
A lonely impulse of delight
Drove this tumult in the clouds :

I balanced all, brought all to mind,
The years to come seemed waste of breath,
A waste of breath the years behind
In balance with this life, this death.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
Which country does the airman belong to ?
(a) New Zealand
(b) Ireland
(c) Finland
(d) England
Answer:
(b) Ireland

Question 2.
Who does he not hate?
(a) Those he is fighting with.
(b) Those he is guarding.
(c) Those he is flying with.
(d) Those who are cheering him.
Answer:
(a) Those he is fighting with.

Question 3.
“Those I guard I do not love.’ This line means
(a) He likes the people he guards.
(b) He dislikes the people he guards.
(c) He does not know the people enough to love them.
(d) None of these three.
Answer:
(b) He dislikes the people he guards.

Question 4.
What did he feel about the life he had lived so far?
(a) He felt it had been a mere waste of breath.
(b) He felt it had been very joyful.
(c) He felt it had been very successful.
(d) He felt it had been lived in the service of the nation.
Answer:
(a) He felt it had been a mere waste of breath.

Question 5.
Why does the Irishman show no fear of death?
(a) Because he is very brave.
(b) Because he has no hope for the future.
(c) Because he is dying for his country.
(d) Because he is enjoying his flight in the clouds.
Answer:
(b) Because he has no hope for the future.

Question 6.
What is the tone of the poem ?
(a) Cheerful.
(b) Sad.
(c) Encouraging.
(d) Sarcastic.
Answer:
(b) Sad.

Passage 7

The Road Not Taken
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood?
And sorry I could not travel both;
And be one traveller, long I stood

And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth?
Then took the other, just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim
Because it was grassy and wanted wear:
Though as far that the passing there

Had worn them really about the same.
And both that morning equally lay,
In leaves no step had trodden’ black;
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sigh,

Somewhere ages and ages hence :
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I –
I took the one less travelled by’,
And that has made all the difference. – Robert Frost

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
Where did the two roads diverge ?
(a) In a green wood.
(b) In a red wood.
(c) In a yellow wood.
(d) Nowhere.
Answer:
(c) In a yellow wood.

Question 2.
Why did the poet choose the grassy road ?
(a) Because it was much travelled by.
(b) Because it was less travelled by.
(c) Because it looked pleasant and beautiful.
(d) Because it led to a green wood.
Answer:
(b) Because it was less travelled by.

Question 3.
The phrase ‘wanted wear’ means
(a) the road needed repair.
(b) the road was too difficult to travel on.
(c) not many people travelled on that road.
(d) any of these three.
Answer:
(c) not many people travelled on that road.

Question 4.
What was it that the poet doubted ? .
(a) He doubted if way leads on to way.
(b) He doubted if he would ever come back.
(c) He doubted if he could reach home safely.
(d) He doubted if the two roads diverged in a wood.
Answer:
(b) He doubted if he would ever come back.

Question 5.
The poet uses the word ‘road to talk about ……………. in life.
(a) meeting failures
(b) taking decisions
(c) facing distractions
(d) none of these three.
Answer:
(b) taking decisions

(B) Some Other Passages

Passage 1

The pressured of vehicles on roads in Delhi has gone almost to a breaking point. The government has undertaken’ the task of building the flyovers. This has been done to ease the traffic on roads. But it would not solve the traffic problem unless a modern and an efficient public transport system is developed. In cities like Mumbai or Kolkata, the suburban train system is the lifeline. In Berlin, it is possible to go up to a distance of almost seventy-five kilometres in thirty to forty minutes. In Delhi, public transport system is not in a good shape”. Taxis and autos are expensive. The buses don’t run on time and are overcrowded most of the time. Measures should be taken to discourage the use of private transport.’

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
What is the purpose of building flyovers ?.
(a) To solve the parking problem.
(b) To develop efficient public transport system.
(c) To ease the pressure of traffic on roads.
(d) None of these three.
Answer:
(c) To ease the pressure of traffic on roads.

Question 2.
What is needed for an effective solution of the traffic problem?
(a) Public transport system should be discouraged.
(b) Private transport system should be encouraged.
(c) An efficient public transport system should be developed.
(d) An efficient private transport system should be developed.
Answer:
(c) An efficient public transport system should be developed.

Question 3.
What is the main source of transport in Mumbai and Kolkata ?
(a) The town tram way system.
(b) Automated urban metro system.
(c) The suburban train system.
(d) Any of these three.
Answer:
(c) The suburban train system.

Question 4.
How can you say that the public transport system in Delhi is not in a good shape ?
(a) Taxis are expensive.
(b) Buses are over crowded.
(c) Both (a) and (b).
(d) Neither (a) nor (b).
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b).

Question 5.
In Berlin, we can cover the distance of seventy five kilometers in 30-40 minutes by …………
(a) bus
(b) train
(c) aeroplane
(d) ship.
Answer:
(b) train

Passage 2

Language is a wonderfull gift given to man. No animal possesses this gift, but they have their own way of expressing themselves. When a rabbit sees an enemy it runs away into its hole. Its tail, which is white, bobs up and down as it runs. The other rabbits see it and they run too. They know that there is a danger. When a cobra is angry, it raises its hoods and makes itself look fierce. This warns? other animals.

When a bee has found some food, it goes back to the have. It cannot tell the other bees where the food is by speaking to them, but it does a kind of dance in the air. Some animals say things by making sounds. A dog barks when a stranger comes near.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
How is man different from other animals ?
(a) Man has the gift of knowledge.
(b) Man has the gift of a sharp mind.
(c) Man has the gift of speech.
(d) Man has the gift of science.
Answer:
(c) Man has the gift of speech.

Question 2.
How does a rabbit react when it sees an enemy?
(a) It starts crying in fear. .
(b) It calls the other rabbits for help.
(c) It runs up a tree.
(d) It runs away into its hole.
Answer:
(d) It runs away into its hole.

Question 3.
How does the rabbit give a signal of danger to other rabbits ?
(a) It holds up its ears.
(b) It makes loud sharp cries.
(c) It bobs its tail up and down as it runs.
(d) It speaks to them in its own language.
Answer:
(c) It bobs its tail up and down as it runs.

Question 4.
How does a bee, tell the other bees about where the food is ?
(a) It does a kind of dance in the air.
(b) It makes a sweet humming sound.
(c) It keeps flying round the food it has found.
(d) It gives a kind of light from its body.
Answer:
(a) It does a kind of dance in the air.

Question 5.
The word ‘possesses’ means ………
(a) owns
(b) passes
(c) gives
(d) lives.
Answer:
(a) owns

Passage 3.

There was once an engine driver who was a cheerfull person. He always looked on the bright side of things, and was fond of telling people that there was sure to be some good in their misfortune?, whether they could see it or not. One day, his train ran into another and he was terribly injured.

When he was taken to hospital, it was found necessary to amputate one of his legs. A few days later, a party of friends visited him and one of his friends said, “I am afraid the poor fellow will have some difficulty in seeing the bright side of this affair.” Hearing this, the engine driver smiled and said, “Not at all. I shall have only one boot to buy and clean in future. Cheerfulness is better than grumblingo.”

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
What did the engine driver feel about misfortune ?’
(a) He felt that misfortune came when God wanted to punish us.
(b) He felt that there was some good in every misfortune.
(c) He felt that misfortune kills many people.
(d) He felt that misfortune is a punishment for our sins.
Answer:
(b) He felt that there was some good in every misfortune.

Question 2.
How was the engine driver injured ?
(a) He was injured in a bus accident.
(b) He was injured in a fight.
(c) He was injured when he fell down from his engine.
(d) He was injured when his train ran into another.
Answer:
(d) He was injured when his train ran into another.

Question 3.
What was done to him in the hospital ?
(a) His wound was dressed.
(b) His leg was amputated.
(c) He was given an injection.
(d) He was given a new leg.
Answer:
(b) His leg was amputated.

Question 4.
Who came to visit the engine-driver ?
(a) A doctor from the hospital.
(b) A clerk from the railway office.
(c) A party of friends.
(d) An officer from the police station.
Answer:
(c) A party of friends.

Question 5.
What is meant by the word ‘misfortune’?
(a) bad luck
(b) bad action
(c) bad company
(d) bad news.
Answer:
(a) bad luck

Passage 4 :

Once a smart-looking young man visited the office of a business firm to ask for a job. The manager, though pleased with his behaviour”, said, “There is no vacancy here for a clerk.” The young man was very sad and turned to go. As he was passing out of the doorway, he found a pin lying near it. He at once picked it up and placed it on the table.

The manager was-greatly “impressed’. He thought that the young man was good enough to be employed in his office. So he called him back and appointed him as a clerk in his office. The young man, in due course of time, became the head of that firm. It was his love of order and economy that brought him success in life.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
What was the young man in need of ?
(a) He was in need of money.
(b) He was in need of books.
(c) He was in need of a job.
(d) He was in need of new clothes.
Answer:
(c) He was in need of a job.

Question 2.
What was it that pleased the manager ?
(a) The young man’s looks.
(b) The young man’s dress.
(c) The young man’s knowledge.
(d) The young man’s behaviour.
Answer:
(d) The young man’s behaviour.

Question 3.
What made the young man sad ?
(a) He was told that there was no vacancy.
(b) He was told to get out at once.
(c) He was told that he was not fit for the job.
(d) He was told that he had failed.
Answer:
(a) He was told that there was no vacancy.

Question 4.
What job was the young man given ?
(a) The job of a clerk.
(b) The job of a manager
(c) The job of a head cashier.
(d) The job of a peon.
Answer:
(a) The job of a clerk.

Question 5.
What is meant by the word ‘vacancy’ ?
(a) unfilled post
(b) empty room
(c) decent behaviour
(d) honest labour.
Answer:
(a) unfilled post

Passage 5

Late in the afternoon, Swami Vivekananda spoke on Hinduism in the great meeting. He was dressed in the yellow robes? of a Sanyasi. When he came and stood before the people, they were charmed by his appearance. He was silent for some time and then he felt a divine power in him and began his speech. He addressed the gathering as ‘Sisters and Brothers of America’.

People clapped their hands and gave him hearty+ cheers”. When the clapping ceased“, Swamiji spoke on Hinduism. He said that all the religions of the world were the same. They were all true. Only the paths leading to the goal were different. He also said that Hinduism regards every man, woman and child as a part of God. To a Hindu, the service of man is the true service of God.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
What did Swami Vivekananda say about the religions of the world ?
(a) He said that all the religions are the same.
(b) He said that all the religions are different.
(c) He said that there should be only one religion.
(d) He said that the religions of the world are useless.
Answer:
(a) He said that all the religions are the same.

Question 2.
What did he feel in him before his speech ?
(a) A great sense of fear.
(b) A great sense of pride.
(c) A feeling of divine power in him.
(d) A deep love for all the people of his country.
Answer:
(c) A feeling of divine power in him.

Question 3.
How did he address the people at the meeting ?
(a) He called them “Great Men of America”.
(b) He called them ‘Men and Women of his country’.
(c) He called them ‘Sisters and Brothers of America’.
(d) He called them ‘Children of the same God’.
Answer:
(c) He called them ‘Sisters and Brothers of America’.

Question 4.
What subject did Swami Vivekananda speak on ?
(a) Education.
(b) Politics.
(c) Hinduism.
(d) Astrology
Answer:
(c) Hinduism.

Question 5.
What is the noun form of the word ‘true’ ?
(a) truly
(b) truthful
(c) truth
(d) truthfully
Answer:
(c) truth

Passage 6

A few days later, Prem Chand resigned his job of Inspector of Schools after having worked in the department for twenty years. He was a free man after all. Now he could write novels and stories about his country and its people. In his books, he dealt with the lives of the peasants and workers. He revealed the greed and meanness of the moneylenders, landlords and priests. He attacked the social evils like dowry and early marriage. He held society responsible for the sins of women. The heroes of Prem Chand’s stories and novels fight against cruelty and injustice“. Prem Chand valued love and tolerance, particularly Hindu-Muslim unity.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
What was Prem Chand ?
(a) The Headmaster..
(b) The Police Inspector.
(c) The Inspector of schools.
(d) The Deputy Commissioner.
Answer:
(c) The Inspector of schools.

Question 2.
Why did he resign his job ?
(a) He had worked in that department for twenty years.
(b) He wanted to write novels and stories.
(c) Both (a) and (b).
(d) Neither (a) nor (b).
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b).

Question 3.
What had made the life of women hard ?
(a) Dowry.
(b) Early marriage.
(c) Gender discrimination.
(d) Both (a) and (b).
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b).

Question 4.
Which things did Prem Chand value ?
(a) Love.
(b) Tolerance
(c) Hindu-Muslim unity.
(d) All of these three.
Answer:
(d) All of these three.

Question 5.
Which people did Prem Chand attack for their greed and meanness?
(a) Money lenders
(b) Land lords
(c) Priests.
(d) Any of these three.
Answer:
(d) Any of these three.

Passage 7

His first “Satyagraha’ in India was in Champaran, in Bihar. The peasants of that district were being cruelly treated by the British indigo planters. Gandhiji left for Champaran to find out the truth. The news that a Mahatma had arrived to inquire into their suffering attracted thousands of peasants who flocked to have his darshan. The government got alarmed?, and Gandhiji was asked to leave the district. He refused and was asked to appear before the magistrate. Later, the case was withdrawn?. Gandhiji lived with the peasants for some time in order to learn about their hard lot. But he also taught them to be free and to stand on their feet. At last, he succeeded in securing justice for the poor peasants.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
What do you mean by Satyagraha ?
(a) It means civil disobedience.
(b) It means zeal for truth.
(c) It means non-violent protest having a political aim.
(d) All of these three.
Answer:
(d) All of these three.

Question 2.
What was the object of Champaran Satyagraha ?
(a) To have justice for the poor peasants.
(b) To save the peasants from the cruel British planters.
(c) Both (a) and (b).
(d) Neither (a) nor (b).
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b).

Question 3.
Why did peasants flock at Champaran ?
(a) To leave their district.
(b) To protest against the British Indigo planters.
(c) To see Mahatma Gandhi.
(d) None of these three.
Answer:
(c) To see Mahatma Gandhi.

Question 4.
Why was Gandhiji asked to appear before the magistrate ?
(a) He was asked to leave Champaran.
(b) He refused to leave Champaran.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Neither (a) nor (b).
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b)

Question 5.
Why did he live among the peasants for some time?
(a) To teach them to be fire.
(b) To learn about their hard lot.
(c) To teach them to stand on their feet.
(d) None of these three.
Answer:
(b) To learn about their hard lot.

Passage 8

Milk is the best food. It has in it water, sugar, fat, vitamins and proteins. People drink milk from different animals. In England, New Zealand and many other cool lands, there are cows. In hot, dry countries like Arabia and the middle of Asia there are camels. In India, there are buffaloes as well as cows. In many places there are goats. The Eskimos have herds of reindeers. They live in the very cold countries of North America. If people keep cows or these animals, they get a lot of milk. From milk they can make butter and cheese. It is essential that the milk we use should be pure and germ-free. Impure milk does more harm than good to the human body…

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
Why is milk called the best food ?
(a) Because it has water and sugar.
(b) Because it has in it sugar and fat.
(c) Because it has in it vitamins and proteins.
(d) All of these three.
Answer:
(d) All of these three.

Question 2.
We get milk from ………….
(a) Cows and buffaloes
(b) Goats and camels
(c) Camels and reindeers
(d) All of these three.
Answer:
(d) All of these three.

Question 3.
Which animals are kept for milk in hot, dry countries ?
(a) Camels.
(b) Reindeers.
(c) Buffaloes.
(d) Goats.
Answer:
(a) Camels.

Question 4.
Why should we use pure milk ?
(a) Because impure milk harms the human body.
(b) Because it is not costly.
(c) Because it is germ-free.
(d) Because it contains vitamins and proteins.
Answer:
(c) Because it is germ-free.

Question 5.
Which word in the passage means ‘necessary’ ?
(a) impure
(b) essential
(c) herd
(d) different.
Answer:
(b) essential

Passage 9

Games, though essentiall, should not become the be-all and end-all of student life. Generally, the sportsmen waste too much time on them, and fail in their examinations. One must never devote? more than an hour to sports. Again, if a player plays a game rashly, there is every danger of breaking bones.

If it is played without the spirit of sportsmanship, it can lead to bad blood and quarrels. In some of the colleges, there is a tradition that if the visiting team is winning a match, the home team plays foul“, picks a quarrel and breaks the bones of the visitors. But in spite of all these minor defects, sports are very useful in keeping the students busy and in developing their personalities.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
What harm do games do to some students ?
(a) They waste too much time on games.
(b) They fail in exams.
(c) Both (a) and (b).
(d) Neither (a) nor (b).
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b).

Question 2.
How much time should one devote to games ?
(a) Half an hour.
(b) An hour
(c) Two hours.
(d) Three hours.
Answer:
(b) An hour

Question 3.
What may happen if a game is played rashly ?
(a) There can be danger of quarrels.
(b) There can be danger of breaking bones.
(c) There can be danger of losing the game.
(d) There can be danger of playing foul.
Answer:
(b) There can be danger of breaking bones.

Question 4.
How do games help the students in building up their personalities?
(a) It keeps them busy.
(b) It develops in them team spirit.
(c) It teaches them discipline.
(d) All of these three.
Answer:
(d) All of these three.

Question 5.
Which word in the passage means ‘custom” ?
(a) tradition
(b) rashly
(c) devote
(d) spirit.
Answer:
(a) tradition

Passage 10

Life is not a bed of roses, but a bed of thorns. It is full of dangers and difficulties. In the race of life, we should not be afraid of the risk which is but natural. Success in any work in life goes to those persons who welcome risk. Science would not have made such wonderfull achievements if our scientists had not risked their lives and comforts. The more difficult a work is, the harder should be our efforts to perform it. Life is not a smooth sailing. Petty difficulties frighten a weak heart who is not prepared to take a risk. But brave hearts achieve fame and honour, because they enjoy taking risks. In short, risk brings success and works miracles.

Choose the correct option to answer each question :

Question 1.
Why is life a bed of thorns ?
(a) Because it is full of dangers.
(b) Because it is full of difficulties.
(c) Both (a) and (b).
(d) Neither (a) nor (b).
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b).

Question 2.
Why should we take risk in life?
(a) Without taking risks we can have experience.
(b) Without taking risks we can’t succeed in life.
(c) Without taking risk we can’t work hard.
(d) None of these three.
Answer:
(b) Without taking risks we can’t succeed in life.

Question 3.
What helped science make wonderful achievements ?
(a) For this our scientist had risked their lives.
(b) For this our scientist had forgotten their comforts.
(c) Both (a) and (b).
(d) None of these three.
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b).

Question 4.
What lesson do you learn from the passage ?
(a) Life is not a bed of roses.
(b) Hard work is the key to success.
(c) Risks bring success.
(d) All of these three.
Answer:
(c) Risks bring success.

Question 5.
Which word in the passage means ‘wonders’?
(a) comforts
(b) miracles
(c) achievements
(d) efforts.
Answer:
(b) miracles

Punjab State Board PSEB 9th Class English Book Solutions English Letter Writing Exercise Questions and Answers, Notes.

PSEB 9th Class English Letter Writing

Important Applications

Application For Marriage Leave

Suppose you are Gopal Singh. You are a student of IX-A class of A.S. High School, Khanna. Write an application to the Headmaster of your school for marriage leave.
Answer:
The Headmaster
A.S. High School
Khanna
Sir
I beg to say that my elder brother’s marriage takes place next week. I have much work to do. So I cannot come to school. Kindly grant me leave for five days. I shall be very thankful to you for this kindness.
Yours obediently
Gopal Singh
Roll No. 25
IX-A
15 March 20_ _.

Application For Leave
Due To Urgent Work

Suppose you are Gopal. You are a student of IX-A class of A.B. Sr. Sec. School, Ludhiana.You have an urgent piece of work at home. Write an application for leave to your Principal.
Answer:
The Principal
A.B. Sr. Sec. School
Ludhiana
Sir.
I beg to say that I have an urgent piece of work at home. So I cannot come to school. Kindly grant me leave for today. I shall be thankful to you for this kindness.
Yours obediently
Gopal
Roll No. 25
IX-A
5 March 20_ _.

Application For Remission Of Fine

Suppose you are Satish Kumar. You are a student of IX-B class of Govt. High School, Amritsar. Write an application to your Headmaster for the remission of fine.
Answer:
The Headmaster
Govt. High School.
Amritsar
Sir
Our English teacher gave us a test on Monday. That day, I was suffering from high fever. So I could not take the test. The teacher fined me ten rupees. I wanted to take the test, but couldn’t due to my illness. Kindly remit my fine and oblige.
Yours obediently
Satish Kumar
Roll No. 52
IX-B
5 February 20_ _.

Application For Full Fee-Concession

Suppose you are Sham Singh. You are a student of IX-B class of Govt. High School, Ludhiana. Write an application to the Headmaster of your school, requesting him to grant you full fee-concession.
Answer:
The Headmaster
Govt. High School !
Ludhiana
Sir
I am a student of IX-B of your school. My father is a peon. His pay is very small. He cannot pay my school fees. I am good at my studies. I am also a member of the Football Eleven. My teachers are pleased with me. I was a free student last year. Kindly grant me full fee-concession this year also. I shall be thankful to you for this kindness.
Yours obediently
Sham Singh
Roll. No. 25
IX-B
4 March 20_ _.

Application For School Leaving Certificate

Suppose you are Anil Kumar. You are a student of IX-E class of A.B.C. High School, Moga. Write an application to the Headmaster of your school to issue your school leaving certificate.
Answer:
The Headmaster
A.B.C. High School
Moga
Sir
I beg to say that I am a student of IX-E of your school. My father has been transferred to Shimla. My parents are leaving for Shimla next week. I cannot stay here alone. I am sorry to leave such a good school, but I can’t help it. My father has signed the application. Kindly issue me my school leaving certificate and oblige.
Yours obediently
Anil Kumar
Roll No. 32
IX-E
15 April 20_ _.

Application For Change Of Section

Suppose your name is Robin. You are a student of IX-B class of Guru Nanak Public School, Ludhiana. Write an application to the Principal of your school, requesting him to change your section.
Answer:
The Principal
Guru Nanak Public School
Ludhiana
Sir
I am a student of IX-B of your school. All my friends are in Section A of class IX. Some boys of IX-A live in our street. They can help me whenever I am unable to attend school. They can help me in other ways also. Kindly shift my name from IX-B to X-A and oblige.
Thanking you
Yours obediently
Robin
IX-B
15 March 20_ _.

Permission To Pay The Fees Late :

Suppose you are Charanjit Singh. You are a student of IX-A class of Govt. High School, Khanna. Write an application to the Headmaster of your school requesting him to permit you to pay your fees for the month late by ten days.
Answer:
The Headmaster
Govt. High School
Khanna
Sir
I beg to say that I am a student of IX-A of your school. Tomorrow is the fee day and I am unable to pay it. My father has gone to Delhi. He will come back in ten days. Kindly allow me to pay my fees late by ten days.
Thanking you
Yours obediently
Charanjit Singh
IX-A
9 March 20 – -.

Permission To Go On A Historical Tour

Suppose you are Pardeep Sikka. You are a student of Ix-B class of Govt. Senior Secondary School, Ludhiana. Write an application to your Principal, requesting him to permit your class to go on a historical tour.
Answer:
The Principal
Govt. Senior Secondary School
Ludhiana
Sir
Our school is closing for the summer vacation next week. We, the students of class IX, want to go on a historical tour. We want to see the Taj Mahal. We also want to see Fatehpur Sikri. On our way back, we want to go round Delhi also. The trip will be very useful for us as students of History. It will add to our knowledge. Kindly allow us and also help us to arrange this trip.
Yours obediently
Pardeep Sikka
(Monitor, Class IX-B)
9 March 20_ _.

Important Letter:

To Father For Money
Suppose you are Surjit Singh, living in the boarding house of your school. Write a letter to your father, requesting him to send you money to pay the examination fee.
Answer:
24 Boarding House
Arya High School
Nawan Shahar
2 February 20_ _.
47 Deep Nagar
Banga
My dear Father Our annual examination comes off in the month of March. We have filled in our admission forms. I have to deposit the examination fee. The last date is 15th February. I have also to pay the school fee. Please send me two hundred rupees. With love and respect to you and dear mother.
Yours affectionately
Surjit Singh

Invitation To Brother’s Marriage

Suppose you are Manish Kumar. You live at 35, Main Bazaar, Amritsar. Write a letter to your friend, inviting him to your brother’s marriage.
Answer:
35 Main Bazaar
Amritsar
4 March 20_ _.
45 Mall Road
Shimla
My Dear Kundan
You will be glad to know that the marriage of my elder brother comes off on March 19, 20_ _. The marriage party will leave for Delhi early in the morning that day. We shall stay in Delhi for two days. I want you to join the marriage party. You know that Delhi is a historical city. There are many buildings worth seeing. We will see the Red Fort, the Qutub Minar and the Jantar Mantar. Mohan and Sohan are also coming. They will reach here on Sunday. We will have good time together. I hope that you will reach in time.
Yours sincerely
Manish Kumar

Explaining The Cause Of Your Failure

Imagine you are Kishore. You live at 21, Model Town, Hoshiarpur. Write a letter to your father, explaining the cause of your failure and promising to do better in the Annual Examination.
Answer:
21 Model Town
Hoshiarpur
17 March 20_ _.
53 Malik Road
Patiala
My dear Father I am very sorry to inform you that I have failed in the last House Examination. I fail in English, Maths and Science. But believe me, father, I am not to blame for it. My failure is not due to any carelessness on my part. I put in hard work. But as ill luck would have it, I fell ill just before the examination. I had high fever. I could not revise my courses. So I was unable to do my papers well. Dear Father, I promise to do better in the Annual Examination. I request you not to mind my failure.
Your loving son
Kishore

To Father About Your Studies

Imagine you are Harinder Singh. You live in the boarding house. Your father wants to know . about your progress at school. Write a letter to him, telling him how you are getting on at school.
Answer:
Boarding House
D.A.V. School
Phagwara
15 March 20_ _.
157 Model Town
Amritsar
My dear Father I am very glad to receive your loving letter. You have asked me about how I am getting on at school. You will be glad to learn that I am quite happy here. I have made some good friends. They are hard-working and gentle. The warden of our hostel is very nice to me. I don’t feel lonely here. As for my studies, I am doing quite well. We are having a test next week. I hope to do very well in English and Mathematics. In other subjects, too, I am doing well. I take interest in games also. I have become a member of the hockey eleven. I attend the playground regularly.
With regards
Yours affectionately
Harinder Singh.

Advice To Take Part In Games

Suppose you are Varun. You live at 18, Shakti Nagar, Sangrur. Write a letter to your younger brother, scolding him for not taking part in games.
Answer:
18 Shakti Nagar
Sangrur
19 February 20 – -.
2 Nehru Market
Shimla
My dear Raman
I have just received a letter from Sushma. I am sorry to learn that you are gone very weak in health. You often fall ill also. No doubt, you are doing quite well in studies. But dear brother, this is not good. Overwork will tell upon your health. You must know that games are as useful as studies. They make us active and smart. They keep us healthy. They teach us many good habits. So you must take part in games. I trust you will act upon my advice.
With love
Your loving brother
Varun.

Inviting A Friend To Your Birthday Party

Suppose you are Baljit Singh living at 46, Model Town, Jalandhar City. Invite your friend Manoj to your birthday party.
Answer:
46 Model Town
Jalandhar City
5 March 20 _ _.
14 New Colony
Gurdaspur
My dear Manoj
My birthday is on 12th March. I am inviting all my friends. You must come. We will have a big party. My father is getting a big cake for me. There will be ice cream, biscuits and fruit to eat. Cold drinks will also be served. It will be a nice time to eat, drink and dance together. After the party, we shall go to the rose garden. There we shall play games. We shall also enjoy a ride in the mini-train. Please do come.
With love
Yours sincerely
Baljit Singh.

Invitation To Sister’s Marriage

Imagine you are Harpreet. Write a letter to your friend, inviting him to your sister’s wedding.
Answer:
36 Nehru Nagar
Ludhiana
2 Feb. 20 _ _.
602 Kundan Puri
Dalhousie
My dear Sanjay
You will be glad to know that my elder sister’s marriage comes off on Feb. 16. My sister is very lucky. She has got a very good match. Her in-laws are a very respectable family. They belong to Delhi. The bridegroom is a doctor. As the day of marriage is drawing near, we are becoming more and more busy. The time is short. All preparations are yet to be made. I need your help. You should reach here as soon as possible. I shall be glad to see you here.
With love
Yours sincerely
Harpreet.

Congratulating On Recovery From Illness

Suppose you are Parmvir. You live at Kamala Niwas, the Mall, Patiala. Write a letter to your friend, Satish, expressing your sense of relief at his recovery from a long illness.
Answer:
Kamala Niwas
The Mall
Patiala
15 May 20_ _.
102 Ashok Nagar
Ludhiana.
Dear Satish
I am very glad to learn that you have recovered from your illness. I heartily congratulate you on your recovery. I was so unhappy when I heard that you were down with typhoid. Thank God that you have got well. Please take complete rest for some days more. Be very careful about your diet now. Follow the advice of your doctor. Take only milk and fruit for some days. When you pick up strength, do go out for a walk in the mornings. It will do you a lot of good. I shall come to see you on Sunday.
With best wishes
Yours sincerely
Parmvir.

Invitation For Summer Vacation

Suppose you are Sohan. You live at 234, Mohan Pura, Phagwara. Write a letter to your friend, asking him to spend a part of his summer vacation with you.
Answer:
234 Mohan Pura
Phagwara
18 June 20 _ _.
15 Naya Bazaar
Amritsar
My dear Gopal
I am very glad to know that your school also has broken up for the summer vacation. We are going to Shimla. I invite you to spend your vacation with us at Shimla. Shimla is a beautiful hill station. There the air is cool and bracing. We shall go round the various beauty spots there. Hiking among the mountains has a joy of its own. We shall have long walks on the hills. We shall have a good time together. My parents will be glad to have you with us. We will leave for Shimla on 25 June. Kindly write me the time and date of your arrival.
Yours sincerely
Sohan.

Sympathising On Failure

Imagine you are Kamal. You live at 15, New Colony, Jalandhar. Write a letter to your friend who has failed in the examination, asking him not to lose heart but to try again.
Answer:
15 New Colony
Jalandhar
18 March 20 _ _.
370 Nai Basti
Ambala
Dear Ram
I am sad to learn that you have failed in the 8th class examination. In fact, your failure didn’t surprise me much. You did your best. But you fell ill just before your examination. The doctor had advised you complete rest yet you appeared in the examination. Please don’t lose heart. After all you are not to blame. Work hard for the next year. God will bless you with success next time.
Yours sincerely
Kamal.

To Landlord For Repairs

Suppose you are Pardeep Kumar. You live at 554, Shivaji Nagar, Ludhiana. Write a letter to your landlord for getting the house repaired.
Answer:
554 Shivaji Nagar
Ludhiana
15 March 20_ _.
102 Shastri Nagar
Ludhiana
Dear Mr. Gupta
I beg to draw your kind attention to the bad condition of your house I am living in. There are big cracks in the walls. The roofs leak during the rains. The whitewash is falling off. Most of the windowpanes are broken. The kitchen door can give way any moment.Last year, many of our household articles were spoiled by rain. I reported the fact to you. You promised to effect the repairs before the next rainy season. Now the rainy season is about to set in. So I request you to effect the necessary repairs.
Yours truly
Pardeep Kumar

Complaint Against The Postman

Imagine you are Ram. You live at 44, Railway Road, Amritsar. Write a letter to the Postmaster, bringing to his notice the irregular delivery of your letters.
Answer:
44 Railway Road
Amritsar
9 March 20 _ _.
The Postmaster
General Post Office
Amritsar
Sir
I am very sorry to report that my letters are not properly delivered to me. Ram Lal, the postman of our area, is very careless. Often he comes very late. He does not do his duty honestly. On the outer wall of my house, I have put up a letter-box. It bears my name. But the postman never puts my letters into this box. He often throws them in at the gate. Sometimes he hands them to the children in the street. Many important letters are thus lost. Kindly look into the matter and take suitable action.
Yours faithfully
Ram

Complaint About Insanitation

Imagine you are Amar Singh. You live at 1035, Model Town, Patiala. Write a letter to the Health Officer of your city, complaining about the insanitary condition of your locality.
Answer:
1035 Model Town
Patiala
16 March 20_ _.
The Health Officer
Nagar Nigam
Patiala
Sir.
I beg to draw your attention to the insanitary condition of our street. Mainly poor people live in this area. Perhaps, that is why, no Sanitary Inspector has ever visited it. There are very few proper drains here. These drains are not cleaned regularly. They are never flushed with water. No dustbins have been provided. People throw all their refuse here and there. Flies and mosquitoes buzz about. All this gives this street a very dirty look. I hope you will surely take suitable action to improve the sanitary condition of our street.
Thanking you
Yours faithfully
Amar Singh.

About Loss Of Bicycle

Imagine you are Onkar Verma. You are living at 70, Adarsh Nagar, Jalandhar. Report to the police about the loss of your bicycle.
Answer:
70 Adarsh Nagar
Jalandhar
25 August 20 _ _.
The Station House Officer Division No. 1 Jalandhar City Sir I want to report the loss of my bicycle. Its make is Atlas. I went to the local D.C.M. store at 4 p.m. yesterday. I came out after half an hour. I found my cycle missing. I asked many persons, but no one could give me any clue. Mine is a new cycle. I purchased it only last month. It is of red colour. Its number is D – 4144207. It has a carrier and a bell. Its chain cover bears my name. Kindly help me to find my cycle.
Yours faithfully
Onkar Verma

Ordering Books

Write a letter to a bookseller, ordering books by V.P.P.
Answer:
Baldev Book Shop
Model Town
Sirsa
13 July 20 _ _.
Messrs Malhotra Book Depot Railway Road Jalandhar City Dear Sirs Kindly send us the following books by V.P.P. All the books should be of the latest edition. We need them immediately since they are in great demand. Please send them at your earliest.
1. Modern English Grammar (Class X) 40 copies
2. MBD Physics (Class X) …………… 30 copies
3. MBD Chemistry (Class X) ………… 50 copies
4. MBD Mathematics (Class X) …………….. 40 copies
Yours sincerely
Baldev Krishan
(Partner)